A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (February 2013) |
| 12th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
11th ← → 13th | |
 United States Capitol (1800) | |
March 4, 1811 – March 4, 1813 | |
| Members | 36 senators 143 representatives 5 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Democratic-Republican |
| Senate President | George Clinton (DR)[a] (until April 20, 1812) Vacant (from April 20, 1812) |
| House majority | Democratic-Republican |
| House Speaker | Henry Clay (DR) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: November 4, 1811 – July 6, 1812 2nd: November 2, 1812 – March 3, 1813 | |
The 12th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1811, to March 4, 1813, during the third and fourth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
Major events
- November 6, 1811: Battle of Tippecanoe: William Henry Harrison defeated Tecumseh's forces
- December 16, 1811: New Madrid earthquake
- April 4, 1812: President Madison enacted a 90-day embargo on trade with the United Kingdom
- April 20, 1812: Vice President George Clinton died
- June 18, 1812: War of 1812: United States declared war on Great Britain
- August 16, 1812: War of 1812: Detroit surrendered to the British.
- October 13, 1812: War of 1812: the Battle of Queenston Heights
- November 5, 1812: Elections of 1812:
Major legislation
States admitted and territories organized
- April 30, 1812: Louisiana was admitted as a state into the Union. It was formerly known as the Territory of Orleans
- June 4, 1812: Missouri Territory was organized. It was formerly known as Louisiana Territory
George Clinton
William H. Crawford
Henry Clay
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
During this congress, two new Senate seats were added for the new state of Louisiana.