1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election

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All 294 seats in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly 148 seats needed for a majority
First party Second party   Leader Jyoti Basu Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi Party CPI(M) INC(I) Alliance LF Leader since 1964 1987 Leader's seat Satgachhia Did not contest[a] Last election 38.49%, 174 seats 35.73%, 49 seats Seats won 187 40 Seat change 13 9 Popular vote 10,327,984 10,989,520 Percentage 39.30% 41.81% Swing 0.89 pp 6.08 pp
Chief Minister before election Jyoti Basu CPI(M) Chief Minister after election Jyoti Basu CPI(M)

Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of West Bengal in 1987. The election was mainly a clash between the Left Front led by Chief Minister Jyoti Basu and the Indian National Congress(I) led by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. The former held the state government and the latter the national government. The election was won by the Left Front, for the third time in a row.

The governing Left Front denied tickets to 62 sitting legislators.^[1] In many cases CPI(M), the dominant force in the Left Front, was seeking to rejuvenate the legislature and fielded 35 student leaders as new candidates.^[1]

The star campaigner of the Left Front was Chief Minister Jyoti Basu of CPI(M), who had pledged to visit all constituencies where CPI(M) had fielded candidates.^[1] During the campaign Basu claimed that the Delhi government discriminated against West Bengal in allocation of resources.^[1]

'Natun Bangla' ('New Bengal') was the key slogan of the Congress(I) campaign.^[1] The star campaigner of Congress(I) was Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, who was flown in from Delhi and toured the state.^[1][2] At the time Gandhi enjoyed significant popularity, especially amongst urban upper-middle class sectors.^[2] Gandhi was accompanied by West Bengal Congress(I) chief Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi on the campaign trail.^[1] Striking a populist tone in midst of deindustrialisation in the state caused by militant activism of Communist labour unions, Gandhi promised development in West Bengal and to create a million new jobs.^[1]

The Congress(I) campaign, whilst being boosted by Gandhi, suffered from internal dissent in party ranks.^[1] The state Congress cadre were divided into the pro-Rajiv Gandhi camp, led by A. B. A. Ghani Khan Choudhury and the anti-Rajiv Gandhi camp led by Pranab Mukherjee,^[3] who saw not Rajiv but himself as the bonafide successor of Indira Gandhi's political legacy. Feeling sidelined by Rajiv, who dropped him from the Union Cabinet after the 1984 general elections, Mukherjee broke away from the Congress (Indira) in 1986 to found his own party, the Rashtriya Samajwadi Congress. In protest of Mukherjee's exit, his supporters within the Congress(I), notably Subrata Mukherjee & Somen Mitra refused to co-operate with the top leadership.

Whilst an accord had been struck between Gandhi and Gorkha National Liberation Front leader Subhash Ghisingh ahead of the polls, violence escalated in the Darjeeling hills.^[1] In the run-up to the polls, several policemen were killed in the area.^[1]

The Left Front won 251 out of 294 seats. It obtained 13,918,403 votes (52.96% of the statewide vote).^[4]

It was the last time till date that the Indian National Congress contested without being in any alliance in West Bengal's state elections.