2008 Taiwan legislative election

2008 Taiwanese legislative election
elected members →
All 113 seats in the Legislative Yuan; 57 seats needed for a majority
Registered	17,179,656
Turnout	58.50% 0.85 pp
	Vote share by constituencies
	Election cartogram

Legislative elections were held in Taiwan on 12 January 2008 to elect the members of the Legislative Yuan. It was the first Legislative Yuan election after the constitutional amendments of 2005, which extended term length from three to four years, reduced seat count from 225 to 113, and introduced the current electoral system.

The results gave the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Pan-Blue Coalition a supermajority (86 of the 113 seats) in the legislature, handing a heavy defeat to then-President Chen Shui-bian's Democratic Progressive Party, which won the remaining 27 seats only. The junior partner in the Pan-Green Coalition, the Taiwan Solidarity Union, won no seats.

Two transitional justice referendums, both of which failed to pass due to low turnout, were held at the same time.

Legislature reform

For the first time in the history of Taiwan, most members of the Legislative Yuan were to be elected from single-member districts: 73 of the 113 members were chosen in such districts by the plurality voting system (first-past-the-post). Parallel to the single member constituencies (not compensating for disproportionality in single-member districts), 34 seats were elected in one national district by party-list proportional representation. For these seats, only political parties whose votes exceed a five percent threshold were eligible for the allocation. Six further seats were reserved for Taiwanese aborigines. Therefore, each elector had two ballots under parallel voting.

The aboriginal members were elected by single non-transferable vote in two 3-member constituencies for lowland aborigines and highland aborigines respectively. This did not fulfill the promise in the treaty-like document A New Partnership Between the Indigenous Peoples and the Government of Taiwan, where each of the 13 recognized indigenous peoples was to get at least one seat, and the distinction between highland and lowland abolished.

The breakdown by administrative unit was:^[2]

Jurisdiction	Seats	Jurisdiction	Seats	Jurisdiction	Seats
Taipei City	8	Taichung City	3	Kaohsiung County	4
Kaohsiung City	5	Changhua County	4	Pingtung County	3
Taipei County	12	Yunlin County	2	Yilan County	1
Keelung City	1	Nantou County	2	Hualien County	1
Taoyuan County	6	Chiayi County	2	Taitung County	1
Hsinchu City	1	Chiayi City	1	Penghu County	1
Hsinchu County	1	Tainan County	3	Kinmen County	1
Miaoli County	2	Tainan City	2	Lienchiang County	1
Taichung County	5

The delimitation of the single-member constituencies within the cities and counties was a major political issue, with bargaining between the government and the legislature. Of the 15 cities and counties to be partitioned (the ten others have only one seat), only seven of the districting schemes proposed by the CEC were approved in a normal way. The eight other schemes were decided by drawing lots: "Taipei and Taichung cities and Miaoli and Changhua counties will adopt the version suggested by the CEC, while Kaohsiung city will follow the consensus of the legislature. Taipei county will follow the proposal offered by the opposition Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taoyuan county will adopt the ruling Democratic Progressive Party's scheme, and Pingtung county will use the scheme agreed upon by the Non-partisan Solidarity Union, People First Party, Kuomintang and Taiwan Solidarity Union."^[3]

Impact of the electoral system

The elections were the first held under a new electoral system which had been approved by both major parties in constitutional amendments adopted in 2005, but which one political scientist has argued favored the KMT.^{[citation needed]} The rules are set up so that every county has at least one seat, which gave a higher representation for smaller counties in which the KMT traditionally has done well. Northern counties tend to be marginally in favor of KMT, whereas southern counties tend to be strongly for DPP, and the single member system limits this advantage. The partially led to the result that the legislative count was highly in favor of the KMT while the difference in the number of votes cast for the KMT and DPP were less dramatic.^[4]

It was considered possible that the 2008 Taiwanese presidential election would be held on the same day as this election, but this was eventually not the case, with the presidential happening 10 weeks later, in March. Two referendums were held on the same date.

Results


Party		Party-list			Constituency/Aboriginal			Total seats
Party		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Total seats
	Kuomintang^[i]^[ii]	5,010,801	51.23	20	5,291,512	53.50	61	81
	Democratic Progressive Party	3,610,106	36.91	14	3,775,352	38.17	13	27
	New Party^[ii]	386,660	3.95	0				0
	Taiwan Solidarity Union	344,887	3.53	0	93,840	0.95	0	0
	Home Party	77,870	0.80	0	6,355	0.06	0	0
	Non-Partisan Solidarity Union	68,527	0.70	0	239,317	2.42	3	3
	Green Party Taiwan	58,473	0.60	0	14,767	0.15	0	0
	Taiwan Farmers' Party	57,144	0.58	0	8,681	0.09	0	0
	Civil Party	48,192	0.49	0	6,562	0.07	0	0
	Third Society Party	45,594	0.47	0	10,057	0.10	0	0
	Hakka Party	42,004	0.43	0	8,860	0.09	0	0
	Taiwan Constitution Association	30,315	0.31	0	3,926	0.04	0	0
	People First Party^[i]				28,254	0.29	1	1
	Democratic Liberal Party				5,094	0.05	0	0
	Great Mercy and Charity Party				3,783	0.04	0	0
	Hongyun Loyalty Party				581	0.01	0	0
	World Peace Party				489	0.00	0	0
	Independents^[iii]				393,346	3.98	1	1
Total		9,780,573	100.00	34	9,890,776	100.00	79	113

Valid votes		9,780,573	97.07		9,890,776	98.41
Invalid/blank votes		295,666	2.93		159,843	1.59
Total votes		10,076,239	100.00		10,050,619	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		17,288,551	58.28		17,179,656	58.50
Source: Election Study Center, CEC

^ ^a ^b In a pre-election agreement, the Kuomintang and the People First Party agreed to register most PFP constituency candidates as KMT candidates, and nominate a common KMT party list, in order to prevent splitting of the Pan-Blue vote. The PFP won one aboriginal seat it contested under its own name, five constituency seats contested under the KMT banner, and three seats within the KMT party list.
^ ^a ^b Under New Party direction, all New Party legislators in the outgoing legislature had joined the KMT, and New Party members ran as KMT candidates with New Party endorsement in this election. The New Party ran only party list candidates in this election but failed to pass the 5% threshold.
^ Chen Fu-hai of Kinmen, the lone independent elected in this election, is a former KMT member and endorsed the KMT presidential campaign. Hence the strength of the Pan-Blue coalition is taken as 86.

Legislators elected through constituency and aborigine ballots

Kuomintang

Democratic Progressive Party

Non-Partisan Solidarity Union

Independent

Constituency		Popular vote
Taipei City Constituency 1	Ting Shou-chung (丁守中)	59.81%
Taipei City Constituency 2	Justin Chou	52.39%
Taipei City Constituency 3	John Chiang	60.25%
Taipei City Constituency 4	Alex Tsai	62.25%
Taipei City Constituency 5	Lin Yu-fang	58.24%
Taipei City Constituency 6	Diane Lee	66.80%
Taipei City Constituency 7	Alex Fai (費鴻泰)	65.79%
Taipei City Constituency 8	Lai Shyh-bao	71.81%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 1	Huang Chao-shun	58.29%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 2	Kuan Bi-ling	48.84%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 3	Hou Tsai-feng (侯彩鳳)	49.13%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 4	Lee Fu-hsing	51.32%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 5	Kuo Wen-chen (郭玟成)	46.01%
Taipei County Constituency 1	Wu Yu-sheng (吳育昇)	58.38%
Taipei County Constituency 2	Lin Shu-fen	43.17%
Taipei County Constituency 3	Yu Tian	49.51%
Taipei County Constituency 4	Lee Hung-chun (李鴻鈞)	51.73%
Taipei County Constituency 5	Huang Chih-hsiung	52.32%
Taipei County Constituency 6	Lin Hung-chih	56.93%
Taipei County Constituency 7	Wu Chin-chih	55.82%
Taipei County Constituency 8	Chang Ching-chung (張慶忠)	59.55%
Taipei County Constituency 9	Lin Te-fu (林德福)	69.61%
Taipei County Constituency 10	Lu Chia-chen	60.10%
Taipei County Constituency 11	Lo Ming-tsai (羅明才) Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=2008_Taiwan_legislative_election Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia. Navigácia: Veda > Analytika Antropológia Aplikované vedy Bibliometria Dejiny vedy Encyklopédie Filozofia vedy Forenzné vedy Humanitné vedy Knižničná veda Kryogenika Kryptológia Kulturológia Literárna veda Medzidisciplinárne oblasti Metódy kvantitatívnej analýzy Metavedy Metodika Metodológia vedy Náboženstvo a veda Náučná literatúra Podvody vo vede Popularizácia vedy Potravinárstvo Prírodné vedy Pseudoveda Scientometria Spoločenské vedy Teórie Teatrológia Technické vedy Technika Terminológia Umenie Výskum Veda Veda a technika podľa štátu Veda a technika podľa kontinentu Veda a technika podľa roka Veda v kozme Vedci Vedecká literatúra Vedecké databázy Vedecké experimenty Vedecké konferencie Vedecké metódy Vedecké ocenenia Vedecké organizácie Vedecké parky Vedeckí spisovatelia Vzdelávanie Záhady Príbuzné výrazy: Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia. www.astronomia.sk \| www.biologia.sk \| www.botanika.sk \| www.dejiny.sk \| www.economy.sk \| www.elektrotechnika.sk \| www.estetika.sk \| www.farmakologia.sk \| www.filozofia.sk \| Fyzika \| www.futurologia.sk \| www.genetika.sk \| www.chemia.sk \| www.lingvistika.sk \| www.politologia.sk \| www.psychologia.sk \| www.sexuologia.sk \| www.sociologia.sk \| www.veda.sk I www.zoologia.sk

[PFP-7] In a pre-election agreement, the Kuomintang and the People First Party agreed to register most PFP constituency candidates as KMT candidates, and nominate a common KMT party list, in order to prevent splitting of the Pan-Blue vote. The PFP won one aboriginal seat it contested under its own name, five constituency seats contested under the KMT banner, and three seats within the KMT party list.

[NP-8] Under New Party direction, all New Party legislators in the outgoing legislature had joined the KMT, and New Party members ran as KMT candidates with New Party endorsement in this election. The New Party ran only party list candidates in this election but failed to pass the 5% threshold.

[9] Chen Fu-hai of Kinmen, the lone independent elected in this election, is a former KMT member and endorsed the KMT presidential campaign. Hence the strength of the Pan-Blue coalition is taken as 86.

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