Bluetooth

Developed by	Bluetooth Special Interest Group
Introduced	7 May 1998; 26 years ago (1998-05-07)
Industry	Personal area networks
Compatible hardware	Personal computers Smartphones Gaming consoles Audio devices Embedded devices
Physical range	Typically less than 10 m (33 ft), up to 100 m (330 ft). Bluetooth 5.0: 40–400 m (100–1,000 ft)[1][2]
Website	www.bluetooth.com

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard that is used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances and building personal area networks (PANs). In the most widely used mode, transmission power is limited to 2.5 milliwatts, giving it a very short range of up to 10 metres (33 ft). It employs UHF radio waves in the ISM bands, from 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz.^[3] It is mainly used as an alternative to wired connections to exchange files between nearby portable devices and connect cell phones and music players with wireless headphones.

Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which has more than 35,000 member companies in the areas of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics. The IEEE standardized Bluetooth as IEEE 802.15.1 but no longer maintains the standard. The Bluetooth SIG oversees the development of the specification, manages the qualification program, and protects the trademarks.^[4] A manufacturer must meet Bluetooth SIG standards to market it as a Bluetooth device.^[5] A network of patents applies to the technology, which is licensed to individual qualifying devices. As of 2021^[update], 4.7 billion Bluetooth integrated circuit chips are shipped annually.^[6] Bluetooth was first demonstrated in space in 2024, an early test envisioned to enhance IoT capabilities.^[7]

The name "Bluetooth" was proposed in 1997 by Jim Kardach of Intel, one of the founders of the Bluetooth SIG. The name was inspired by a conversation with Sven Mattisson who related Scandinavian history through tales from Frans G. Bengtsson's The Long Ships, a historical novel about Vikings and the 10th-century Danish king Harald Bluetooth. Upon discovering a picture of the runestone of Harald Bluetooth^[8] in the book A History of the Vikings by Gwyn Jones, Kardach proposed Bluetooth as the codename for the short-range wireless program which is now called Bluetooth.^[9][10][11]

According to Bluetooth's official website,

Bluetooth was only intended as a placeholder until marketing could come up with something really cool.

Later, when it came time to select a serious name, Bluetooth was to be replaced with either RadioWire or PAN (Personal Area Networking). PAN was the front runner, but an exhaustive search discovered it already had tens of thousands of hits throughout the internet.

A full trademark search on RadioWire couldn't be completed in time for launch, making Bluetooth the only choice. The name caught on fast and before it could be changed, it spread throughout the industry, becoming synonymous with short-range wireless technology.^[12]

Bluetooth is the Anglicised version of the Scandinavian Blåtand/Blåtann (or in Old Norse blátǫnn). It was the epithet of King Harald Bluetooth, who united the disparate Danish tribes into a single kingdom; Kardach chose the name to imply that Bluetooth similarly unites communication protocols.^[13]

The Bluetooth logo is a bind rune merging the Younger Futhark runes  (ᚼ, Hagall) and  (ᛒ, Bjarkan), Harald's initials.^[14][15]

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Bluetooth_5.3
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