A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
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All 56 seats to the Johor State Legislative Assembly 29 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Registered | 2,539,606 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 54.92% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results by constituency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2022 Johor state election, formally the 15th Johor general election, took place on 12 March 2022.[1][2] The election was to elect 56 members of the 15th Johor State Legislative Assembly. The previous assembly was dissolved on 22 January 2022.[3]
The state election was conducted in the midst of the 2020-22 Malaysian political crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. The state election is notable for being the first elections to have UNDI18 voters, where 18-year-olds were allowed to vote.
The snap election was called prematurely after the government led by Menteri Besar Hasni Mohammad had lost a simple majority in the legislature, being left with a minority government of just 28 seats, above one seat against the 27 seats of the opposition following the death of Kempas assemblyman and former Menteri Besar Osman Sapian on 21 December 2021 before the dissolution. The Sultan of Johor, Sultan Ibrahim Ismail consented to the dissolution of the Johor State Legislative Assembly on 22 January 2022.[4]
The state election is the fourth election after the 2018 general election, resulting in the most non-simultaneous elections between federal and state elections in a single 5-year term of parliament in the nation's history. The state election is also the third election after Ismail Sabri Yaakob took over as Prime Minister in August 2021. The state election would also be the first in which 18-20 year olds are eligible to vote after the gazettement of the constitutional amendment on 15 December 2021.[5]
Barisan Nasional (BN) continued its landslide winning streak in recent state elections, winning 40 seats and a two-thirds majority. Pakatan Harapan (PH) suffered heavy losses, winning only 12 seats. Perikatan Nasional (PN) won just 3 seats. The Malaysian United Democratic Alliance (MUDA) won 1 seat in its election debut.
Election cycles
Johor became the fourth state in Malaysia to not hold its state elections simultaneously with national elections, after Sarawak (since 1979), Sabah (since 2020), and Malacca (since 2021).
Kelantan (1978–1982) held its state election in March 1978 following a political crisis the previous year, but national elections were held only 4 months later. Since then election cycles in Kelantan have synchronized with national elections.
Electoral system
Elections in Malaysia are conducted at the federal and state levels. Federal elections elect members of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of Parliament, while state elections in each of the 13 states elect members of their respective state legislative assembly. As Malaysia follows the Westminster system of government, the head of government (Prime Minister at the federal level and the Menteri Besar/Chief Ministers at the state level) is the person who commands the confidence of the majority of members in the respective legislature – this is normally the leader of the party or coalition with the majority of seats in the legislature.
The Legislative Assembly consists of 56 members, known as Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs), that are elected for five-year terms. Each MLA is elected from a single-member constituencies using the first-past-the-post voting system; each constituency contains approximately an equal number of voters. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then that party is entitled to form the government, with its leader becoming the Chief Minister. In the event of a hung parliament, where no single party obtains the majority of seats, the government may still form through a coalition or a confidence and supply agreement with other parties. In practice, coalitions and alliances in Malaysia, and by extension, in Johor, generally persist between elections, and member parties do not normally contest for the same seats.
| Coalition(s) | Other parties | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government | Opposition | ||
| Barisan Nasional (BN) |  Perikatan Nasional (PN)
|
 Pakatan Harapan (PH)
|
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Constituencies
Composition before dissolution
| Government | Confidence and supply | |||||
| BN | PN | PH | ||||
| 16 | 12 | 27 | ||||
| 14 | 2 | 11 | 1 | 14 | 7 | 6 |
| UMNO | MIC | BERSATU | PAS | DAP | PKR | AMANAH |
Timeline
| Dates | Events[15] |
|---|---|
| 22 January 2022 | Dissolution of the Johor State Legislative Assembly |
| 9 February 2022 | Issue of the Writ of Election |
| 26 February 2022 | Nomination day |
| 27 February–11 March 2022 | Campaigning period |
| 8 March 2022 | Early polling day for postal and advance voters |
| 12 March 2022 | Polling day |
Events from the Dissolution of the Johor State Legislative Assembly to the Issue of the Writ of Election (22 January to 9 February 2022)
| Dates | Events |
|---|---|
| 22 January 2022 | Menteri Besar of Johor Hasni Mohammad was given a mandate by the supreme council and Johor state liaison committee of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) to seek an audience with Sultan of Johor Ibrahim Ismail and advise for his consent to dissolve the 14th Johor State Legislative Assembly to pave way for the 2022 Johor state election. Sultan Ibrahim consented to the advice and the assembly was officially dissolved. Hasni held a press conference after the audience and explained that his advice was due to serious political instability provided that his government has lost the simple majority in the assembly to govern the state and he wanted to seek a "fresh mandate" to form a strong state government to oversee Johor through a more rapid development.[1][16] |
 Johor Pakatan Harapan (PH) claimed that it held talks to cooperate with Malaysian United Democratic Alliance (MUDA) in the election.[17]
| |
 Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) expressed their intention to contest and will discuss with UMNO and the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU) on their cooperation forms.[18]
| |
| Heritage Party (WARISAN) claimed that it will "assess the situation on the ground" before deciding to contest in the election or not.[19] | |
 Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) expressed its intention to contest 4 state seats in the election it considers as its traditional seats within BN coalition.[20]
| |
| 23 January 2022 | Speaker of the assembly Suhaizan Kayat has officially informed the Election Commission (EC) about the dissolution of the assembly for EC to determine the dates of the nomination, early polling and polling days after receiving the dissolution documents signed by Sultan Ibrahim.[21] |
| Johor Pakatan Harapan (PH) issued a statement to reiterate its firm stance to oppose the dissolution of the assembly and the holding of the election on the reason that the people of Johor are still facing the challenges brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and 2021–2022 Malaysian floods and it would be "a waste of the peoples money".[22]
| |
 Homeland Fighters' Party (PEJUANG) expressed its intention to contest 42 out of 56 state seats in the election without cooperating with other parties.[23]
| |
| Barisan Nasional (BN) expressed its confidence of gaining supermajority, claiming it will contest alone in all 56 seats.[24] |