Languages of the United Kingdom
Multilingual sign in London
Main	English (98%;[1] national and de facto official)[2][3][4]
Minority	Scots (2.5%),[5] Welsh (1.3%),[6] Cornish  (<0.01% L2),[7][8][9] Scottish Gaelic, Irish, Ulster Scots (0.05%),[10] Angloromani, Beurla Reagaird, Shelta
Immigrant	Polish, Punjabi, Urdu, Bengali, Gujarati, Arabic, French, Chinese, Portuguese, Spanish, Tamil[11]
Signed	British Sign Language, (0.002%)[12] Irish Sign Language, Signed English, Northern Ireland Sign Language
Keyboard layout	British QWERTY
a.^ Statistics indicate respondents who can speak at least "well". b.^ Statistics indicate respondents with at least basic ability. c.^ Statistics undertaken with assumptions and large disparities between home countries.

Part of a series on the
Culture of the United Kingdom
History Georgian period Napoleonic Wars Regency period Victorian period British Empire Edwardian period First World War Interwar period Second World War Post-war period (social history) Brexit
People Historic peoples Celtic Germanic British English Scottish Welsh Northern Irish Cornish Irish Manx Modern ethnicities British identity White British Asian British Black British British Jews British Arabs British Mixed Romani people (Gypsies) Irish Travellers Other White
Languages English England Scotland Wales Ireland Scots Ulster Scots Scottish Gaelic Welsh Cornish Angloromani British Sign Language
Mythology and folklore England Scotland Wales Ireland & Northern Ireland
Cuisine English Scottish Welsh Cornish Northern Irish Anglo-Indian and South Asian
Festivals New Year's Day Hogmanay Good Friday Easter Monday May Day Victoria Day Spring Bank Holiday The Twelfth Late Summer Bank Holiday Samhain Christmas Day Boxing Day Saint George's Day Saint Andrew's Day Saint David's Day Saint Patrick's Day VE Day
Religion Christianity No religion Islam Hinduism Judaism Buddhism Modern Paganism
Art English art Scottish art Welsh art Irish art
Literature English literature Scottish literature Literature of Northern Ireland Welsh-language literature Literature in the other languages of Britain British comics
Music and performing arts British popular music British rock music British pop music Early music of the British Isles Baroque music of the British Isles Early British popular music English folk music Music in Medieval England English art song Music of Scotland Music of Wales Music of Northern Ireland
Media Radio Television Cinema
Sport Football in England Football in Scotland Football in Wales Football in Northern Ireland Cricket in England Cricket in Ireland Cricket in Scotland Cricket in Wales Rugby union Rugby league Ice hockey Gaelic games
Monuments World Heritage Sites Buckingham Palace Palace of Westminster Angel of the North Stonehenge
Symbols Flag Coat of arms National anthem Monarchy Britannia Dieu et mon droit In Defens "God Save the King" Thistle Tudor rose
United Kingdom portal
v t e

English, in various dialects, is the most widely spoken language of the United Kingdom,^[13] but a number of regional and migrant languages are also spoken. Regional languages are Scots and Ulster Scots and the Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh and, as a revived language with few speakers, Cornish. British Sign Language is also used. There are also many languages spoken by immigrants who arrived recently to the United Kingdom, mainly within inner city areas; these languages are mainly from continental Europe and South Asia.^[14]

The de facto official language of the United Kingdom is English.^[15]

Welsh is an official language, under the Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011, in Wales.^[16][17] Additionally, Welsh is the only de jure official language in any part of the United Kingdom. Welsh is spoken by 538,300 people in Wales according to the 2021 census,^[18] though data from the Annual Population Survey shows that 28%, or roughly 862,700 people, of Wales' population aged three and over were able to speak the language in March 2024.^[19] Additionally, 32.5% (1,001,500) reported that they could understand spoken Welsh, 24.7% (759,200) could read and 22.2% (684,500) could write in Welsh.^[19]

Approximately 124,000 people speak Irish in Northern Ireland, which is an official language in Northern Ireland alongside English.^[20]

The table below outlines living indigenous languages of the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland). The languages of the Crown Dependencies (the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man) are not included here.

• British English
  • English English (as spoken in England)
    • Northern English
      • Cheshire dialect
      • Cumbrian
      • Northumbrian
      • Geordie (of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and surrounding area)
      • Lancastrian (Lancashire, northern parts of Greater Manchester, eastern parts of Merseyside and surrounding area)
      • Mackem (of Sunderland and surrounding area)
      • Mancunian (Greater Manchester, Cheshire East and surrounding area)
      • Yorkshire/Tyke
      • Scouse (Liverpool and other parts of Merseyside, Cheshire West, parts of North Wales and surrounding area)
    • East Midlands English
    • West Midlands English
      • Black Country (of Dudley, Wolverhampton, Walsall and Sandwell)
      • Brummie (spoken in Birmingham)
      • Potteries (North Staffordshire, centred on Stoke on Trent)
    • Southern English English
      • East Anglian
      • Estuary English
      • London
        • Cockney
        • Multicultural London English
      • West Country dialects (Bristol, Devon, Dorset, Somerset; also parts of Gloucestershire, Wiltshire and Herefordshire)
        • Cornish English
  • Scottish English
    • Highland English
  • Welsh English
    • Cardiff dialect (additional varieties of which spoken throughout South Wales)
  • Hiberno English
    • Ulster English
  • Sign Supported English (a sign language based on English, not BSL)
• Scots^[30]
  • Insular Scots
    • Shetland dialect
    • Orcadian
  • Northern Scots
    • Doric
  • Central Scots
    • Glaswegian
  • Southern Scots
  • Ulster Scots^[30]

• Brythonic languages
  • Western Brittonic languages
    • Welsh
  • Southwestern Brittonic languages
    • Cornish
• Goidelic languages
  • Irish^[31]
    • Ulster Irish
  Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Languages_in_the_United_Kingdom
  Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.

  ---