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This list of Welsh saints includes Christian saints with Welsh connections, either because they were of Welsh origin and ethnicity or because they travelled to Wales from their own homeland and became noted in their hagiography for their work there.[1]
The pagan Celts of Britain had already been extensively Christianized during the Roman period: although only four victims of Diocletian's persecution are now known (Saints Alban, "Amphibalus", and Julius and Aaron),[2] Britons met the pagan Saxon invaders largely as Christians prior to being driven back to Wales, Cornwall, and Brittany. The family of Vortigern, which continued to hold Powys in the early medieval period, produced numerous saints. Although they largely refrained from missionizing among the Germans, Welsh refugees and missionaries were responsible for the Christianization of Ireland[3] and Brittany.[4]
The title of "saint" was used quite broadly in the Celtic churches. Extreme cases are Irish accounts of Gerald of Mayo's presiding over 3300 "saints" and Welsh claims that Bardsey held the remains of 20 000.[6] More often, the title was given to the founder of any ecclesiastical settlement, which would thenceforth be known as their llan. Such communities were organized on tribal models: founding saints were almost invariably lesser members of local dynasties and their successors chosen from among their kin. The golden age of such establishments was the 6th century, when the "Three Saintly Families of Wales"—those of the invading Irish Brychan and Northerners Cunedda and Caw—displaced many of the local Silurian rulers in favor of their families and clans.[7] By some estimates,[8] these traditions produced over 800 pre-congregational saints venerated locally in Wales, but invasions by Saxons, Irishmen, Vikings, Normans, and others destroyed many ecclesiastical records. Similarly, the distance from Rome, suspicion of Celtic Christianity, and the relative disconnect of the local sees from Rome has left only two Welsh saints in the General Roman Calendar: Saints David (Dewi) and Winifred (Gwenffrewi).
List of saints
Name | fl. | Shrine or Associated Church |
Saint's Day (Gŵyl Mabsant) |
Royal origins | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aaron of Aleth | 6th century | Cézembre (Brittany) | 22 June (trad.[9]) | — | Mentor of Saint Malo | |
Aaron of Caerleon | 3rd century 4th century |
Caerleon | 1 July (trad.[10]) 20 June (mod.[11][12]) |
— | Martyred with Saint Julius | |
Adwen or Adwenna |
5th century 6th century |
Advent (Cornwall) | Daughter of Brychan, king of Brycheiniog | Sometimes conflated with Saint Dwynwen | ||
Aeddan Foeddog or Aidan or Maedoc |
6th century 7th century |
Ferns (Ireland) Enniscorthy (Ireland) |
31 January (trad.[13][14]) | Son of Saint Aneurin, son of Caw[15] | "Aeddan Maedoc"[14] Disciple of Saint David | |
Aelhaiarn or Aelhaearn |
7th century | Guilsfield Llanaelhaearn |
2 November (trad.[16]) | Descendant of Vortigern, king of Britain | Brother of Saints Cynhaiarn and Llwchaiarn Disciple of Saint Beuno | |
Aerdeyrn | 6th century | Llanelldeyrn | Descendant of Vortigern, king of Britain | Brother of Saint Ederyn | ||
Aelrhiw | 9 September (trad.[17]) | |||||
Afan of Builth or Afan Buellt |
6th century | Llanafan Fawr Llanfechan Llanafan |
17 or 16 November (trad.[16]) | Great-grandson of Cunedda Wledig, king of Gwynedd | Bishop and martyr Cousin of Saint David | |
Amphibalus | 3rd century 4th century |
St Albans[18] | 25 June (trad.)[19] | Priest; converted Saint Alban Born in Isca (Caerleon) | ||
Ane | Child of Caw, king of Strathclyde | |||||
Saint Armel or Arthfael or Armagilus |
6th century | Plouharnel (Morbihan, Brittany) Saint-Armel (Morbihan, Brittany), Plouarzel, (Finistère, Brittany). |
16 August | Son of Hoel, king of Brittany | ||
Asaph | 6th century | St Asaph | 1 May (trad.[20]) 5 May[21] |
Bishop | ||
Bach | 7th century | Eglwys Fach[23] | Hermit Probably spurious[22] | |||
Baglan | 6th century | Baglan | Son of Ithel Hael, prince of Armorica | |||
Baglan | 7th century | Llanfaglan | Son of Dingad | |||
Baruc or Barruc |
6th century | 27 September or 29 November (trad.[17][16]) | ||||
Beuno or Bono |
7th century | Clynnog Fawr | 21 or 22 April (trad.[24]) | Descendant of Vortigern, king of Britain | Abbot Uncle of Saint Winifred | |
Bidofydd | 26 April (trad.[24]) | With Saint Fidalis | ||||
Bieuzi | 6th century | 24 November | Disciple of Gildas | |||
Bleddyn or Bleiddian or Lupus |
29 July (trad.[25]) | Bishop | ||||
Bodfan | 2 January (trad.[13]) | |||||
Brannoc or Brannock |
6th century | Braunton | 7 January or 26 June | |||
Brioc | 5th century | Founder saint of Brittany | ||||
Brothen | Llanfrothen | 15 or 14 October (trad.[17]) | ||||
Brychan Brycheiniog | 5th century | King of Brycheiniog | Venerated in his generation but of disputed status now. Husband of Prawst In Wales, considered the father of Dwynwen; in Cornwall, considered the father of Adwen. | |||
Brynach or Byrnach |
7 April (trad.[24]) | Abbot The translation of his relics was sometimes celebrated separately on 26 June.[20] |
||||
Buan | 4 August (trad.[26]) | |||||
Bugi or Beugi or Bywgi or Hywgi |
6th century | Son of Gwynllyw, king of Gwynllwg | Father of Beuno and brother of Cadoc[27]
| |||
Cadfan | 6th century | Llangadfan | 1 November (trad.[16]) | Grandson of Budic II of Brittany | Founding abbot of Tywyn and Bardsey abbeys | |
Cadfarch | 24 October (trad.[17]) | |||||
Cadoc or Catwg |
5th century | Caerleon | 24 January (trad.[13]) | Abbot of Llancarfan | ||
Cadwaladr Fendigaid or Cadwalader |
7th century | Llangadwaladr Llangadwaladr |
12 November (trad.[16]) | Son of Cadwallon, king of Gwynedd | "Cadwalader the Blessed" King of Gwynedd | |
Caffo | 6th century | Llangaffo | Child of King Caw of Strathclyde | |||
Caian | Tregaian | 25 September (trad.[17]) | ||||
Saint Cain or Keyne or Ceinwen |
5th century | Cerrigceinwen Llangeinwen |
8 October (trad.[17]) | Child of King Caw of Strathclyde | Chiefly worked in Cornwall | |
Callwen | 1 November (trad.[16]) | Virgin | ||||
Cammarch | 8 October (trad.[17]) | |||||
Caradog or Caradoc |
12th century | Lawrenny | 13 April (trad.[24]) | Noble of Brecknockshire | Hermit | |
Carannog or Carantoc |
6th century | Llangrannog Crantock (Cornwall) |
15, 16, 17 May, or 15 Jan (trad.[20][13][29]) | Great-grandson of Ceredig, king of Ceredigion | ||
Caron | Possibly 3rd century | Tregaron | 5 March (trad.[24]) | Possibly the same as Carausius (Roman name). However, Baring-Gould associates him with Ciaran[30] | Bishop or King | |
Cathan or Cathen |
St Cathan's Chapel Colonsay & Luing Gigha |
17 May (trad.[20]) | ||||
Cedol | 1 November (trad.[16]) | |||||
Ceidio | Child of King Caw of Strathclyde | |||||
Ceitho | 5 August (trad.[26]) | |||||
Celynin | 6th century | Llangelynnin | 20 November (trad.[16]) | Son of Prince Helig | ||
Ceneu | Clydau | 15 June (trad.[20]) | Son of Corun | Bishop of St David's | ||
Cenydd or Cennydd or Kenneth |
6th century | Llangennith Languidic (Brittany) |
5 July | Son of "King Dihoc" (presumably Deroch II of Domnonée) |
||
Cennych | 6th century | Llangennych | ||||
Cewydd | 5th century | Aberedw Lancaut Laleston |
1, 2 or 15 July (trad.[25]) | Child of King Caw of Strathclyde | ||
Cian | 6th century | Llangian | 11 December (trad.[31]) | |||
Cieran or Ciarán of Saigir or Kieran |
5th century 6th century |
Saighir (Ireland) | 5 March (trad.[24]) | Son of Lugna, a noble of the Osraige | An apostle of Ireland Bishop of Saighir | |
Ciwa or Cigwa or Kywa or Kew |
St Kew (Cornwall)[32] | 6 or 8 February[13][33] (trad.) | Virgin; sister of St Docco | |||
Clydai | 1 November (trad.[16]) | Virgin | ||||
Clydog or Clintacus |
19 August or 3 Nov (trad.[26][16]) | King | ||||
Clydwyn or Cledwyn |
6th century | Penmachno (formerly) | 1 November (trad.[16]) | Son of Brychan, king of Brycheiniog | King | |
Clydyn or Clydau |
3 November (trad.[16]) | |||||
Collen | 7th century | Llangollen Langolen (France) |
21 or 22 May (trad.[20]) | |||
Colman | ||||||
Corentin | 5th century | First bishop of Quimper | ||||
Cowdra or Cawrdaf |
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