List of minerals

This is a list of minerals which have Wikipedia articles.

Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species. Within a mineral species there may be variation in physical properties or minor amounts of impurities that are recognized by mineralogists or wider society as a mineral variety.

Mineral variety names are listed after the valid minerals for each letter.

For a more complete listing of all mineral names, see List of minerals recognized by the International Mineralogical Association.

A

Apophyllite crystals sitting right beside a cluster of peachy bowtie stilbite

Arsenopyrite from Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico

Aurichalcite needles spraying out within a protected pocket lined by bladed calcite crystals

Austinite from the Ojuela Mine, Mapimí, Durango, Mexico

Varieties that are not valid species:

Adamantine spar (variety of corundum)
Agate (variety of chalcedony and quartz)
Alabaster (variety of gypsum)
Alexandrite (variety of chrysoberyl)
Allingite (synonym of amber)
Alum
Amazonite (variety of microcline)
Amethyst (purple variety of quartz)
Ametrine (variety of quartz)
Ammolite (organic; also a gemstone)
Amosite (asbestiform grunerite)
Antozonite (variety of fluorite)
Anyolite (metamorphic rock - zoisite, ruby, and hornblende)
Aquamarine (light blue variety of beryl)
Argentite (high temperature form of acanthite)
Asbestos (fibrous serpentine- or amphibole minerals)
Auerlite (variety of thorite)
Avalite (chromian variety of illite)
Aventurine (variety of quartz)

B

Baryte (included by malachite) on malachite, from Shangulowé Mine, Kambove, Central area, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo

Spiky calcite scalenohedra with a coating of whitish benstonite on a layer of teal-colored fluorite

Brookite from Kharan, Balochistan, Pakistan

Varieties that are not valid species:

Barbertonite (polytype of stichtite)
Bauxite (aluminium ore)
Beckerite (natural resin)
Bentonite (mixture of montmorillonite and other clays)
Bixbite (red gem variety of beryl)
Bowenite (variety of antigorite)
Brammallite (variety of illite)
Brokenhillite (not approved by IMA)
Buergerite (renamed to fluor-buergerite)
Bursaite (not approved by IMA)
Bytownite (variety of anorthite)

C

Radiating spray of colorless wheatsheaf calcite crystals on matrix, from Iraí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Rhombohedrons of calcite that appear almost as books of petals, piled up 3-dimensionally on the matrix, from Eastern Europe

Sky blue, prismatic crystals of celestine from Majunga, Madagascar

Pocket cavity of small chrysocolla stalactites from Ray Mine, Scott Mountain area, Mineral Creek District, Arizona, USA

Varieties that are not valid species:

Campylite (variety of mimetite)
Carnelian (variety of quartz)
Cementite (synthetic cohenite)
Ceylonite (variety of spinel)
Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline variety of quartz and moganite)
Chiastolite (variety of andalusite)
Chlorastrolite (variety of pumpellyite-(Mg))
Chrysoprase (green nickel bearing chalcedony)
Chrysotile (group name - asbestiform serpentine)
Citrine (yellow variety of quartz)
Cleveite (variety of uraninite)
Clinochrysotile (polytype of chrysotile)
Coltan (short for minerals of the columbite group)
Crocidolite (asbestiform riebeckite)
Cymophane (variety of chrysoberyl)

D

Varieties that are not valid species:

Delessite (magnesian chamosite)
Diallage (a junction between augite and diopside)

E

Edenite
Edingtonite
Edscottite
Efremovite
Ekanite
Elaliite
Elbaite (type of multicoloured tourmaline)
Elkinstantonite
Emmonsite
Empressite
Enargite
Enstatite
Eosphorite
Ephesite
Epidote
Epsomite
Ericssonite
Erionite (series of zeolites)
Erythrite
Eskolaite
Esperite
Ettringite
Euchlorine
Euchroite
Euclase
Eucryptite
Eudialyte
Eudialyte group
Euxenite-(Y)
Eveite
Evenkite
Eveslogite

Varieties that are not valid species:

Elsmoreite (pure hydrokenoelsmoreite)
Emerald (green gem variety of beryl)

F

Translucent fluorapophyllit-(K) crystal and stilbite, from Jalgaon District, Maharashtra, India

Deep green isolated fluorite crystal showing cubic and octahedral faces, set upon a micaceous matrix

Fabianite
Farneseite
Faujasite (subgroup of zeolites)
Faustite
Fayalite (olivine group)
Feldspar (mineral group)
Feldspathoid (mineral group)
Felsőbányaite
Fengchengite (eudialyte group)
Ferberite
Fergusonite (mineral group)
Feroxyhyte
Ferrierite (subgroup of zeolite minerals)
Ferrihydrite
Ferrimolybdite
Ferro-actinolite
Ferrogedrite
Ferrohortonolite (olivine group)
Ferronigerite-2N1S
Ferropericlase
Ferroselite
Fettelite
Fichtelite
Fingerite
Fletcherite
Fluckite
Fluellite
Fluoborite
Fluocerite
Fluor-buergerite
Fluor-liddicoatite
Fluor-uvite
Fluorapatite (apatite group)
Fluorapophyllite-(K)
Fluorcanasite
Fluorcaphite
Fluorellestadite
Fluorite
Fluororichterite (amphibole group)
Fontarnauite
Fornacite
Forsterite (olivine group)
Fougèrite (layered double hydroxide)
Fourmarierite
Fraipontite
Francevillite
Franckeite
Frankamenite
Frankdicksonite
Frankhawthorneite
Franklinite (spinel group)
Franklinphilite
Freibergite
Freieslebenite
Fukuchilite

Varieties that are not valid species:

Fassaite (variety of augite)
Ferrocolumbite (synonym of columbite-(Fe))
Ferrotantalite (synonym of tantalite-(Fe))
Fluorspar (synonym of fluorite)
Francolite (variety of fluorapatite)

G

Varieties that are not valid species:

Garnierite (a nickel ore)
Gedanite (fossilized resin)
Glessite (natural resin)
Goshenite (colorless variety of beryl)

H

Varieties that are not valid species:

Hatchettite (a paraffin wax)
Heliodor (greenish-yellow variety of beryl)
Heliotrope (variety of chalcedony)
Hessonite (variety of grossular)
Hiddenite (variety of spodumene)
Hyalite (variety of opal)
Hyalophane (synonym of jaloallofane)
Hypersthene (synonym of enstatite or ferrosilite, or mid-way member of the enstatite–ferrosilite series) (not approved by IMA)