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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to film:
Film refers to motion pictures as individual projects and to the field in general. The name came from the fact that photographic film (also called filmstock) has historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures.
What type of thing is film?
Film can be described as all of the following:
- Art – aesthetic expression for presentation or performance, and the work produced from this activity.
- One of the arts – as an art form, film is an outlet of human expression, that is usually influenced by culture and which in turn helps to change culture. Film is a physical manifestation of the internal human creative impulse.
- One of the visual arts – visual arts is a class of art forms, including painting, sculpture, photography, printmaking and others, that focus on the creation of works which are primarily visual in nature.
- One of the performing arts – art forms in which artists use their body, voice, or objects to convey artistic expression. Performing arts include a variety of disciplines but all take the form of a performance in front of an audience.
- Fine art – in Western European academic traditions, fine art is art developed primarily for aesthetics, distinguishing it from applied art that also has to serve some practical function. The word "fine" here does not so much denote the quality of the artwork in question, but the purity of the discipline according to traditional Western European canons.
- One of the arts – as an art form, film is an outlet of human expression, that is usually influenced by culture and which in turn helps to change culture. Film is a physical manifestation of the internal human creative impulse.
- Show business – a means of providing employment for actors, screenwriters, artisans and technicians, regardless of whether the finished film was produced as a for-profit enterprise or as a not-for-profit public service.
Other names for film
- Movie
- Motion picture
- Talking picture
- Picture
- Celluloid
- Flick (or flicker)
- Photoplay
- Picture show
- The cinema
- The silver screen (talkie era); the silver sheet (silent era)
- Videos
Essence of film
- Filmmaking – process of making a film. Filmmaking involves a number of discrete stages including an initial story, idea, or commission, through scriptwriting, casting, shooting, editing, and screening the finished product before an audience that may result in a film release and exhibition. Filmmaking is both an art and an industry. That is why they call it "show business". It's a show and a business. Films were originally recorded onto nitrate film stock which was highly flammable.[1] After the late 1950s, polyester film was used which was shown through a movie projector onto a large screen (in other words, an analog recording process). The adoption of CGI-based special effects led to the use of digital intermediates. Most contemporary films are now fully digital through the entire process of production, distribution, and exhibition from start to finish.
Cinematic genres
By setting
- Biography - portrays a real-life character in his or her real-life story
- Crime - places its character within realm of criminal activity
- Fantasy - films set in imaginary worlds, often with a swords and sorcery theme
- Film noir - portrays its principal characters in a nihilistic and existentialist realm or manner
- Historical - taking place in the past
- Science fiction - placement of characters in an alternative reality, typically in the future or in outer space
- Sports - sporting events and locations pertaining to a given sport
- War - battlefields and locations pertaining to a time of war
- Westerns - colonial period to modern era of the western United States
By mood
- Action - generally involves a moral interplay between "good" and "bad" played out through violence or physical force
- Adventure - involving danger, risk, and/or chance, often with a high degree of fantasy
- Comedy - intended to provoke laughter
- Drama - mainly focuses on character development
- Erotic - sexuality or eroticism and sex acts, including love scenes
- Horror - intended to provoke fear in audience
- Mystery - the progression from the unknown to the known by discovering and solving a series of clues
- Romance - dwelling on the elements of romantic love
- Thrillers - intended to provoke excitement and/or nervous tension into audience
By format
- Biographical - a biopic is a film that dramatizes the life of an actual person, with varying degrees of basis in fact
- Documentary - a factual following of an event or person to gain an understanding of a particular point or issue
- Experimental (avant-garde) - created to test audience reaction or to expand the boundaries of film production/story exposition then generally at play
- Musical - a film interspersed with singing by all or some of the characters
- Silent - a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue
By production type
- Live action - film using actors
- Animation - illusion of motion by consecutive display of static images which have been created by hand or on a computer
- Television - a film that is produced for and originally distributed by a television network
By length
- Short - may strive to contain many of the elements of a "full-length" feature, in a shorter time-frame
- Serial - similar to shorts, but forms a constant story arc
- Feature film - film that is "full-length"
By age
- Children's film - films for young children; as opposed to a family film, no special effort is made to make the film attractive for other audiences
- Family - intended to be attractive for people of all ages and suitable for viewing by a young audience; examples of these are Disney films
- Teen film - intended for and aimed towards teens although some teen films, such as the High School Musical series; may also be a family film; not all of these films are suitable for all teens, as some are rated R
- Adult film - intended to be viewed only by an adult audience, content may include violence, disturbing themes, obscene language, or explicit sexual behaviour. This includes various forms of exploitation films. Adult film may also be used as a synonym for pornographic film.
By audience reception
- Cult film – Film that has acquired a cult following
- Midnight movie – Film genre
- Sleeper hit – Entertainment product that becomes successful gradually with little promotion
- Underground film – Film genre
Other genres
- Action comedy – Film and TV genre
- Action film – Film genre
- Actuality film – Non-fiction film genre that uses footage of real events
- Adventure film – Film genre
- Amateur film – Film genre
- American eccentric cinema – Mode of American filmmaking
- Animated documentary – Genre of film that combines animation and documentary
- Anthology film – Feature film consisting of several different short films
- Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction – Genre of fiction
- Art film – Film genre
- Art horror – Film genre
- Arthouse animation – Combination of art film and animated film
- Arthouse science fiction film – Genre of film
- Australian Western – Sub-genre
- B movie – Low-budget commercial film genre
- Backstage musical – Genre of musical theatre
- Badaga cinema – Badaga-language film industry
- Beach party film – Film genre
- Behind-the-scenes – Documentary film that features the production of a film or television program
- Bildungsroman – Coming of age literary genre
- Biographical film – Film genre
- Black comedy – Comedic work based on taboo subject matter
- Black film – Film largely featuring or representing black people
- Blaxploitation – Film genre
- Body horror – Subgenre of horror fiction
- Bomba (genre) – 1960s Filipino film genre
- Bourekas film – Genre of Israeli comic melodrama
- Bromantic comedy – Comedy film genre
- Buddy cop – Film and television genre
- Buddy film – Film genre in which two people of the same sex are non-romantically paired
- Cannibal film – Film genre
- Cartoon – Type of two-dimensional visual art
- Cartoon pornography – Cartoon characters in sexual situations
- Chicano cinema – movies made by or about Mexican Americans
- List of Chicano films
- Chick flick – Slang term for romantic film genre catering to young women
- Children's film – Film genre
- Chopsocky – Colloquial term
- Christian film industry – Aspect of Christian media
- Christmas horror – Genre of fiction and film
- Cinema da Boca do Lixo – Film Genre
- Cinéma vérité – Style of documentary filmmaking
- Cinepoetry
- Colonial cinema – cinema produced by the colonizing nation in and about their colonies
- Comédia à portuguesa
- Comedy drama – Genre of theatre, film, and television
- Comedy film – Genre of film which emphasizes humour
- Comedy horror – Genre that combines elements of horror and comedy
- Comedy of remarriage – Film genre
- Comedy thriller – Film genre
- Science fiction comedy – Comedic subgenre of science fiction
- List of coming-of-age stories
- Coming-of-age story – Genre of stories of growing into adulthood
- Commedia sexy all'italiana – Italian film genre
- Compilation film – Film edited from previously released footage
- Composite film – Film whose screenplay is composed of two or more distinct stories
- Concert film – Audiovisual recording of a concert performance
- Conspiracy fiction – Subgenre of thriller fiction
- Crime film – Film genre
- Cult film – Film that has acquired a cult following
- Dance film – film in which dance is a central element in the narrative
- Detective fiction – Subgenre of crime and mystery fiction
- Direct cinema – Style of documentary filmmaking
- Disaster film – Film genre
- Docudrama – Documentary genre that features dramatized re-enactments of actual events
- Docufiction – Film genre
- Documentary film – Nonfictional motion picture
- Drama (film and television) – Film and television genre
- Economics film – Film genre covering economics as a theme
- Educational film – Film genre
- Epic film – Style of filmmaking with large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle
- Erotic thriller – Film and literary sub-genre
- Erra cinema – film
- Ethnofiction – Subfield of ethnography
- Ethnographic film – Non-fiction film genre
- Euro War – Subgenre of war films
- European art cinema – Film genre in Europe
- Eurospy film – Genre of spy films
- Experimental film – Cinematic works that are experimental form or content
- Exploitation film – Informal film genre
- Fantasy comedy – Comedic subgenre of fantasy
- Fantasy film – Film genre
- Female buddy film – Film genre
- Film à clef – Cinematographic genre
- Film d'art – French movement of early narrative films
- Film gris – Film genre
- Film noir – Cinematic term used to describe stylized feature film crime dramas
- Filmfarsi – film genre used in pre-revolutionary Iranian cinema
- Florida Western
- Folk horror – Subgenre of horror film
- Gangster film – Film genre
- Gendai-geki – Japanese film, television, and theater genre
- Gentleman thief – Stock character; a sophisticated and well-mannered thief
- German underground horror – Film genre
- Giallo – Literature and film genre
- Girls with guns – Sub-genre of action films and animation
- Gods and demons fiction – Subgenre of Chinese fantasy fiction
- Gokudō – Cheaply produced (often direct to video) Yakuza movies, with themes of sex and violence.
- Gong'an fiction – Chinese crime fiction subgenre
- Goona-goona epic – Exploitation film genre
- Gothic film – Film genre
- Gothic romance film – Film genre
- Grindhouse – Low-budget movie theater that shows mainly exploitation films
- Gross out – Shock effect technique in media and art
- Guerrilla filmmaking – Micro-budget film genre
- Gun fu – Style of fictional fighting found in film, television, and videogames
- Hanukkah film – Film genre whose main subject matter is the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah
- Heimatfilm – Film genre
- Heist film – Subgenre of crime films
- Heritage film – Period films with high-quality visual production values
- Highlight film
- Historical drama – Film subgenre
- Historical fiction – Fiction that is set in the past
- Home movie – Amateur film or video typically made just to preserve a visual record of family activities
- Hood film – Film genre originating in the United States
- Horror film – Film genre
- Horror noir – film genre
- Hybrid genre – Genre that blends themes and elements from two or more different genres
- Hyperlink cinema – Multilinear filmmaking style
- Independent film – Film done outside of the major film studio system
- Industrial video – type of sponsored film
- Interstitial art
- Jiangshi fiction – Literary and cinematic genre of horror
- Jidaigeki – Japanese film, TV, games, and theatre genre
- Jukebox musical – Musical compiled from existing songs
- Kaiju – Japanese media genre
- Khasi cinema – Khasi-language film industry
- Korean melodrama
- Kung fu film – Film genre
- Legal drama – Subgenre of dramatic fiction
- Legal thriller – Fiction genre
- List of Western subgenres
- Live-action animated film – Film combining live-action and animated elements
- Luchador films – Lucha Libre based films
- Mafia comedy film – Film genre
- Mafia film – Version of gangster film
- Magic realism – Style of literary fiction and art
- Malayalam softcore pornography – Genre of softcore pornographic films produced in Kerala, India
- Martial arts film – Film genre
- Masala film – Film genre
- Maximalist film – Genre of cinema
- Medical drama – Television program or film presented around medical environments
- Melodrama – Dramatic work that exaggerates plot and characters to appeal to the emotions
- Message picture – Film intended to communicate sociopolitical ideas as well as entertain
- Metacinema – Self-reflexive mode of filmmaking
- Mexploitation – Film genre
- Micro movie – Type of short film
- Midnight movie – Film genre
- Minimalist film – Cinema related to the philosophy of minimalism
- Mo lei tau – Type of slapstick humour associated with Hong Kong popular culture
- Mockbuster – Film made to exploit another's publicity
- Mockumentary – Film genre
- Modernist film – Film genre
- Mondo film – Film genre
- Monster movie – Film genre
- Mountain film – Film genre focusing on mountaineering
- Mumblecore – Film subgenre
- Musical film – Film genre
- Musical short – Short films, often before the main feature
- Musicarello – Italian film sub genre; musical comedy typically featuring a young singing star
- Muslim social – Film genre in Bollywood
- Mystery film – Genre of film
- Mythopoeia – Narrative genre in modern literature and film
- Narco pelicula – Mexican action film sub-genre
- Narrative film – Tells a fictional or fictionalized story, event or narrative
- Nazi exploitation – Subgenre of film
- Neo-noir – Film genre; modern form of film noir
- New queer cinema – Movement in queer-themed independent filmmaking
- No-budget film – Film made with very little or no money
- Non-narrative film – Aesthetic of cinematic film
- Northern (genre) – Multimedia genre set primarily in Northern Canada and Alaska
- Opera film – Recording of an opera on film
- Operetta film – Film genre
- Ostern – Western-inspired film genre
- Outlaw biker film – Film genre
- Ozploitation – Genre of film produced in Australia
- Paracinema – Academic term for a variety of film genres out of the mainstream
- Parallel cinema – 1950s movement in Indian cinema
- Parody film – Film genre
- Pastoral science fiction
- Pink film – Japanese erotic cinema
- Poetry film – film genre
- Political thriller – Genre of fiction
- Poliziotteschi – Genre of Italian crime films
- Pornochanchada – Genre of sex comedy films produced in Brazil
- Pornographic film – Films that present sexually explicit subject matter in order to arouse and satisfy the viewer Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Outline_of_film
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