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Ameireaganaich Albannach (Scottish Gaelic) | |
|---|---|
  | |
 | |
| Total population | |
8,422,613 (3.6%) Scottish alone or in combination 1,471,817 (0.7%) Scottish alone 794,478 (0.3%)  Scots-Irish alone or in combination 2020 census[1][2] Other estimates 20–25 million[3][4][5][6] Up to 8.3% of the U.S. population | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Predominantly in New England, Appalachia and the Deep South; Plurality in New York, Massachusetts, West Virginia, Idaho, North Carolina, Florida, California and Pennsylvania | |
| Languages | |
| English (American English dialects) Scottish Gaelic and Scots speaking minorities | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity (including Presbyterianism, Baptist, Pentecostalism, Methodist, Protestantism and Roman Catholicism), other religions (including deism[7]) | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Scotch-Irish Americans, English Americans, Irish Americans, Welsh Americans, Manx Americans, British Americans, Cornish Americans, Scottish Canadians, Scotch-Irish Canadians, Scottish Australians, and other Scots |
Scottish Americans or Scots Americans (Scottish Gaelic: Ameireaganaich Albannach; Scots: Scots-American) are Americans whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in Scotland. Scottish Americans are closely related to Scotch-Irish Americans, descendants of Ulster Scots, and communities emphasize and celebrate a common heritage.[8] The majority of Scotch-Irish Americans originally came from Lowland Scotland and Northern England before migrating to the province of Ulster in Ireland (see Plantation of Ulster) and thence, beginning about five generations later, to North America in large numbers during the eighteenth century. The number of Scottish Americans is believed to be around 25 million, and celebrations of 'Scottishness' can be seen through Tartan Day parades, Burns Night celebrations, and Tartan Kirking ceremonies.
Significant emigration from Scotland to America began in the 1700s, accelerating after the Jacobite rising of 1745, the steady degradation of clan structures, and the Highland Clearances. Even higher rates of emigration occurred after these times of social upheaval.[a] In the 1920s, Scotland experienced a reduction in total population of 0.8%, totally absorbing the natural population increase of 7.2%: the U.S. and Canada were the most common destinations of these emigrants.[b][11]: 6 A common misconception is that most Scottish Americans are descended from Highlanders fleeing persecution or clearance. Instead, by far the commonest Scottish immigrant was an economic migrant from the Lowlands, attracted by the opportunities in North America.[9]: 11
Numbers
The table shows the ethnic Scottish population in the British colonies from 1700 to 1775. In 1700 the total population of the colonies was 250,888, of whom 223,071 (89%) were white and 3.0% were ethnically Scottish.[12][13]
| Composition of the American Colonies[14][15][16] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1700 | % | 1755 | % | 1775 | % |
| English / Welsh | 80.0 | English / Welsh | 52.0 | English | 48.7 |
| African | 11.0 | African | 20.0 | African | 20.0 |
| Dutch | 4.0 | German | 7.0 | Scots-Irish | 7.8 |
| Scottish | 3.0 | Scots-Irish | 7.0 | German | 6.9 |
| Other European | 2.0 | Irish | 5.0 | Scottish | 6.6 |
| Scottish | 4.0 | Dutch | 2.7 | ||
| Dutch | 3.0 | French | 1.4 | ||
| Other European | 2.0 | Swedish | 0.6 | ||
| Other | 5.3 | ||||
.svg){kind=small} Colonies
|
100.0 | .svg){kind=small} Thirteen |
100.0 | .svg){kind=small} Colonies |
100.0 |
1790 population of Scottish and Scotch-Irish origin by state
Population estimates are as follows.[17]
| State or Territory |  Scotland |
 Ulster |
Scottish Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Scotch |
 Scotch-Irish
| |||||
| # | % | # | % | # | % | |
 Connecticut
|
5,109 | 2.20% | 4,180 | 1.80% | 9,289 | 4.00% |
 Delaware
|
3,705 | 8.00% | 2,918 | 6.30% | 6,623 | 14.30% |
 Georgia
|
8,197 | 15.50% | 6,082 | 11.50% | 14,279 | 27.00% |
 Kentucky &  Tenn.
|
9,305 | 10.00% | 6,513 | 7.00% | 15,818 | 17.00% |
 Maine
|
4,325 | 4.50% | 7,689 | 8.00% | 12,014 | 12.50% |
 Maryland
|
15,857 | 7.60% | 12,102 | 5.80% | 27,959 | 13.40% |
 Massachusetts
|
16,420 | 4.40% | 9,703 | 2.60% | 26,123 | 7.00% |
 New Hampshire
|
8,749 | 6.20% | 6,491 | 4.60% | 15,240 | 10.80% |
 New Jersey
|
13,087 | 7.70% | 10,707 | 6.30% | 23,794 | 14.00% |
 New York
|
22,006 | 7.00% | 16,033 | 5.10% | 38,039 | 12.10% |
 North Carolina
|
42,799 | 14.80% | 16,483 | 5.70% | 59,282 | 20.50% |
 Pennsylvania
|
36,410 | 8.60% | 46,571 | 11.00% | 82,981 | 19.60% |
 Rhode Island
|
3,751 | 5.80% | 1,293 | 2.00% | 5,044 | 7.80% |
 South Carolina
|
21,167 | 15.10% | 13,177 | 9.40% | 34,344 | 24.50% |
 Vermont
|
4,339 | 5.10% | 2,722 | 3.20% | 7,061 | 8.30% |
 Virginia
|
45,096 | 10.20% | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Scottish_Americans||||