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Timeline of Chinese history
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This is a timeline of Chinese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in China and its dynasties. To read about the background to these events, see History of China. See also the list of Chinese monarchs, Chinese emperors family tree, dynasties of China and years in China.
Dates prior to 841 BC, the beginning of the Gonghe Regency, are provisional and subject to dispute.
Prehistory / Millennia: 3rd BC · 2nd BC–1st BC · 1st–2nd · 3rd · See also · Further reading · External links
Prehistoric China
80,000 BC | H. sapiens appears in modern Dao County, Hunan.[1] |
20000 BC | Pottery was used in Xianren Cave.[2] |
7600 BC | The Zengpiyan culture appeared. |
Pigs were first domesticated in China.[3] | |
7500 BC | The Pengtoushan culture appeared. |
Rice was first domesticated in China. | |
7000 BC | The Peiligang culture appeared. |
6600 BC | The Jiahu symbols were first used at Jiahu. |
6500 BC | The Cishan culture appeared. |
6000 BC | Dogs were first domesticated in China.[3] |
4000 BC | Symbols were carved into pottery at Banpo. |
3630 BC | Silk processing was invented by the Yangshao culture. |
Antiquity
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
2570 BC | Silk was produced by the Liangzhu culture. | |
2500 BC | Battle of Banquan: The forces of the divine farmer were repelled by a force of tribes allied under the Yellow Emperor. | |
Battle of Zhuolu: A combined army of tribes under the Yellow Emperor defeated Hmong invasion at Zhuolo. | ||
2366 BC | Zhi became king. |
22nd century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
2200 BC | Great Flood: Yu the Great completed a drainage system which ended the periodic and destructive flooding of the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers. (Reliable Archaeological discoveries depict that it happened around 1920BC.[4]) | |
The Nine Tripod Cauldrons were forged from metal given in tribute to Yu by the Nine Provinces. | ||
2117 BC | Tai Kang became king of the Xia dynasty. |
21st century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
2075 BC | Xiang of Xia became king of the Xia dynasty. | |
2047 BC | Xiang was murdered and displaced as king on the orders of the warlord Han Zhuo. His pregnant wife fled the capital Shangqiu. | |
Xiang's wife gave birth to a son, Shao Kang. | ||
2007 BC | The people of Shangqiu welcomed an army loyal to Shao into the city. Han committed suicide. |
Centuries: 20th BC · 19th BC · 18th BC · 17th BC · 16th BC · 15th BC · 14th BC · 13th BC · 12th BC · 11th BC · 10th BC · 9th BC · 8th BC · 7th BC · 6th BC · 5th BC · 4th BC · 3rd BC · 2nd BC · 1st BC
20th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1985 BC | Zhu of Xia became king of the Xia dynasty. | |
1968 BC | Zhu died. He was succeeded by his son Huai of Xia. | |
1924 BC | Huai died. He was succeeded by his son Mang of Xia. | |
1906 BC | Mang was succeeded by his son Xie of Xia. |
19th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1900 BC | The Erlitou culture appeared. | |
1890 BC | Xie was succeeded by his son Bu Jiang. | |
1831 BC | Bu abdicated in favor of his younger brother Jiong of Xia. | |
Mount Tai earthquake: An earthquake occurred at Mount Tai. | ||
1810 BC | Jiong was succeeded by his son Jin of Xia. |
18th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1789 BC | Jin was succeeded by his cousin, Bu's son Kong Jia. | |
1758 BC | Kong was succeeded by his son Gao of Xia. | |
1747 BC | Gao was succeeded by his son Fa of Xia. | |
1728 BC | Fa was succeeded by his son Jie of Xia. |
17th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1675 BC | Jie was succeeded by Tang of Shang, marking the beginning of the Shang dynasty. |
16th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1600 BC | Battle of Mingtiao: the Shang clan (later Shang dynasty) overthrow the corrupt and last emperor of the Xia dynasty |
15th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1500 BC | The Erligang culture appeared. |
13th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1290 <sma king of the Shang dynasty. | ||
The capital of the Shang dynasty was moved from Yan to Yin. | ||
1250 BC | Wu Ding became king of the Shang dynasty. | |
Oracle bones were first used for divination; evidence of oracle bone script first appears. |
12th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1200 BC | Wu's wife, the general and high priestess Fu Hao, died and was buried at the tomb of Fu Hao in Yinxu. | |
1192 BC | Wu died. He was succeeded by his son Zu Geng of Shang. | |
1170 BC | Geng Ding became king of the Shang dynasty. | |
1147 BC | Geng was succeeded by his son Wu Yi of Shang. | |
1112 BC | Wu was killed by lightning while out hunting. He was succeeded by his son Wen Ding. | |
1101 BC | Wen was succeeded by his son Di Yi. |
11th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1076 BC | Di died. | |
1075 BC | Di was succeeded as king of the Shang dynasty by his son King Zhou of Shang. | |
1050 BC | King Wen of Zhou died. | |
1047 BC | Zhou took Daji as his concubine. | |
1046 BC | Battle of Muye: The forces of the predynastic Zhou, led by King Wu of Zhou and aided by Shang dynasty defectors, dealt a bloody defeat to Shang forces at Muye, near Yinxu. | |
Zhou committed suicide by burning himself with his jewels on the Deer Terrace Pavilion. | ||
1043 BC | Wu died. | |
1042 BC | Wu was succeeded by his son King Cheng of Zhou. | |
1034 BC | Chinese bronze inscriptions came into use. | |
1021 BC | Cheng died. | |
1020 BC | Cheng was succeeded by his son King Kang of Zhou. |
10th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1000 BC | The Classic of Poetry was compiled. | |
996 BC | Kang died. | |
976 BC | King Mu of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
964 BC | Mu led an unsuccessful expedition against the Quanrong. | |
922 BC | Mu died. He was succeeded by his son King Gong of Zhou. |
9th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
900 BC | Gong died. | |
899 BC | Gong's son Ji Jian, King Yi of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
892 BC | Ji Jian died. | |
891 BC | Ji Jian's uncle, Mu's son King Xiao of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
886 BC | Xiao died. | |
885 BC | Ji Jian's son Ji Xie, King Yi of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
878 BC | Ji Xie died. | |
877 BC | Ji Xie's son King Li of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
842 BC | A popular revolt forced Li into exile near Linfen. | |
841 BC | The Gonghe Regency came into power. | |
828 BC | Li died. | |
827 BC | Li's son King Xuan of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. |
8th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
782 BC | Xuan died. | |
781 BC | Xuan's son King You of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
779 BC | You took Bao Si as his concubine. | |
771 BC | The Marquess of Shen, whose daughter had been replaced by Bao Si as queen, led an attack on Haojing in alliance with the Quanrong. You and Bao's son Bofu were killed. | |
770 BC | You's son King Ping of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
Ping moved the Zhou capital east to Luoyang. | ||
720 BC | Ping died. | |
719 BC | Ping's grandson King Huan of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
707 BC | Battle of Xuge: Huan, in coalition with the Zhou vassal states Chen, Cai and Wey, led a punitive expedition against Zheng. The coalition was defeated and Huan was wounded. |
7th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
697 BC | Huan died. | |
696 BC | Huan's son King Zhuang of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
685 BC | Duke Huan of Qi became duke of Qi. | |
682 BC | Zhuang died. | |
681 BC | Zhuang's son King Xi of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
677 BC | Xi died. | |
676 BC | Xi's son King Hui of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
652 BC | Hui died. | |
651 BC | Hui's son King Xiang of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
645 BC | The Qi chancellor Guan Zhong died. | |
632 BC | Battle of Chengpu: Jin and its allies decisively defeated a coalition led by Chu. | |
630 BC | Sunshu Ao was born. | |
619 BC | Xiang died. | |
618 BC | Xiang's son King Qing of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
613 BC | Qing died. | |
612 BC | Qing's son King Kuang of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
607 BC | Kuang died. | |
606 BC | Kuang's brother King Ding of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. |
6th century BC
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
600 BC | Knife money came into use. | |
595 BC | Battle of Bi: Chu decisively defeated Jin at Bi, near modern Xingyang. | |
586 BC | Ding died. | |
585 BC | Ding's son King Jian of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
575 BC | Battle of Yanling: A numerically superior Chu force was defeated by Jin in modern Yanling County. King Gong of Chu was injured. | |
572 BC | Jian died. | |
571 BC | Jian's son King Ling of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
551 BC | Confucius was born. | |
548 BC | The earliest surviving reference to Go appeared. | |
545 BC | Ling died. | |
544 BC | Ling's son Ji Gui, King Jing of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
The Chinese people were first divided into a caste system of four occupations. | ||
543 BC | The Zheng prime minister Zichan established the state's first written civil code. | |
520 BC | Ji Gui died. He was succeeded by his son King Dao of Zhou. | |
Dao was murdered by his brother. | ||
519 BC | Dao's brother Ji Gai, King Jing of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. | |
515 BC | The Wu king Liao was killed by the assassin Zhuan Zhu. | |
514 BC | King Helü of Wu became king of Wu. | |
506 BC | Battle of Boju: Wu decisively defeated a numerically superior Chu force at Boju. |