A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
| Alley Oop | |
|---|---|
 On April 9, 1939, Alley Oop was transported from the Bone Age into the 20th century. | |
| Author(s) | V. T. Hamlin (creator) Dave Graue Jack Bender and Carole Bender Joey Alison Sayers and Jonathan Lemon |
| Current status/schedule | Running |
| Launch date | December 5, 1932 |
| Syndicate(s) | Bonnet-Brown (1932–33) Newspaper Enterprise Association (1933–2011) Universal Uclick/Andrews-McMeel Syndication (2011–present) |
| Publisher(s) | Whitman, Dragon Lady Press, Kitchen Sink Press, Dark Horse |
| Genre(s) | Humor, adventure, prehistoric, science fiction |
Alley Oop is a syndicated comic strip created December 5, 1932, by American cartoonist V. T. Hamlin, who wrote and drew the strip through four decades for Newspaper Enterprise Association. Hamlin introduced a cast of colorful characters and his storylines entertained with a combination of adventure, fantasy, and humor. Alley Oop, the strip's title character, is a sturdy citizen in the prehistoric kingdom of Moo. He rides his pet dinosaur Dinny, carries a stone axe, and wears only a fur loincloth.
Alley Oop's name was most likely derived from the French phrase allez, hop! In the 1933 press release that accompanied the launching of the strip with its new distributor NEA, Hamlin was quoted as saying "I really can't recall just how I struck upon the name 'Alley Oop', although it might be from the fact that the name is a French term used by tumblers. Alley Oop really is a roughhouse tumbler."[1] The name of Alley's girlfriend, Ooola, was a play on a different French phrase: oh là là.[2]
Story
The first stories took place in the fictional "Bone Age" (similar to the Stone Age) and centered on Alley Oop's dealings with his fellow cavemen in the kingdom of Moo. Oop and his pals had occasional skirmishes with the rival kingdom of Lem, ruled by King Tunk. The names Moo and Lem are references to the fabled lost continents of Mu and Lemuria.
On April 5, 1939, Hamlin introduced a new plot device which greatly expanded his choice of storylines: A time machine was invented by 20th-century scientist Dr. Elbert Wonmug; the name Wonmug was a pun on Albert Einstein, as "ein" is German for "one" and a "stein" is a type of drinking mug.[3][4]
Oop was transported to the 20th century by an early test of the machine (in the daily strip of April 8 and the Sunday strip of April 9, 1939). He became Dr. Wonmug's man in the field, embarking on expeditions to various periods in history, such as Ancient Egypt, the England of Robin Hood, and the American frontier. Oop met historical or mythical figures such as Cleopatra, King Arthur, and Ulysses in his adventures. In addition to the time machine, other science-fiction devices were introduced. Oop once drove an experimental electric-powered race car, and he has space-traveled to Venus, the moon (twice), and "Earth-Two". During his adventures, he was often accompanied by his girlfriend Ooola and by the sometimes-villainous, sometimes-heroic George Oscar Boom (G. O. Boom). Laboratory assistant Ava Peckedge joined the cast in 1986.
Syndication history
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Alley Oop was first distributed by the small syndicate Bonnet-Brown on December 5, 1932, but this run ended on April 26, 1933, when Bonnet-Brown became defunct. NEA picked up the strip and, starting on August 7, 1933, the earlier material was reworked for a larger readership. A full-page Sunday strip was added on September 9, 1934; the strip also appeared in half-page, tabloid, and half-tab formats, which were smaller and/or dropped panels. During World War II, newspapers eliminated full-page comics to save paper; starting on December 1, 1940, Alley Oop's Sunday comic was offered in a smaller format which could, at an editor's discretion, be further reconfigured to save space. Daily comics were first reduced in size on April 20, 1942, and have become smaller since then, but they have been appearing in color since September 15, 2008.
When Hamlin retired in 1971, his assistant Dave Graue took over. Graue had been assisting Hamlin since 1950 (starting as a letterer) and creating the daily solo since July 15, 1966,[citation needed] although co-signed by Hamlin. Hamlin's last signed daily strip appeared December 31, 1972, and his last signed Sunday was April 1, 1973. Through the 1970s and 1980s, Graue wrote and drew the strip from his North Carolina studio. In 1974 Graue retained an assistant, Dave Olson, to ink and letter the strips.[5] Olson worked on the strip until his retirement at the end of 1990; starting in 1991, Graue hired Jack Bender to finish the daily strips and produce the Sundays.[6]
Graue initially decided to retire at the end of 1991, and the syndicate selected Jack Bender as the strip's new creator. However, Bender was primarily interested in the art chores; he re-hired Graue to stay on as writer and recruited his wife Carole, a calligrapher. This team produced the strip from the last week of December 1991 through the end of August 2001; Graue wrote the strip and thumbnailed the art, from which Jack drew the strip and Carole lettered it. Graue finally retired in 2001, satisfied in having completed fifty years working on the strip. NEA then hired Carole as the new writer, based largely on the strength of an Alley Oop Christmas story that Carole had written and Jack had drawn, separately from the main Alley Oop strip, for the 1997 holiday season.[6] Starting September 3, 2001, Alley Oop Sunday and daily strips were drawn entirely by Jack Bender and written, lettered, and colored by his wife Carole Bender.[7] (On December 10, 2001, the 75-year-old Graue was killed in Flat Rock, North Carolina, when a dump truck hit his car.)
In January 2019, writer Joey Alison Sayers and artist Jonathan Lemon took over the comic.[8]
At its peak, Alley Oop was carried by 800 newspapers. Today,[when?] it appears in more than 600 newspapers. The strip and collections of it were popular in Mexico (under the name Trucutú) and in Brazil (Brucutu). In 1995, Alley Oop was one of 20 strips showcased in the Comic Strip Classics series of commemorative United States postage stamps.
Licensing and promotion
In 1978, Alley Oop was adapted to animation as a segment of Filmation's Saturday morning cartoon series Fabulous Funnies, appearing intermittently alongside other comic-strip favorites: The Captain and the Kids, Broom-Hilda, Emmy Lou, Tumbleweeds, and Nancy.[9]
In 2002, Dark Horse Comics produced a limited-edition figure of the character in a brightly illustrated tin container. Alley Oop was issued as statue #28 — part of their line of Classic Comic Characters collectibles.
In 2008, to celebrate Alley Oop's 75th year, the Benders conducted a contest for "Dinosaur Drawings from Our Young Readers". The entry Tyrannosaurus rex holding a banner wishing "Happy Birthday" to Alley Oop, by 12 year-old Erin Holloway of Hammond, Louisiana, was published in the comic strip on January 17, 2009.[10][11]
In popular culture
The long-running success of the strip made the character a pop culture icon referred to in fiction, pop music and dance:
- The Belgian comic-strip series Suske en Wiske, by Willy Vandersteen, features a caveman inspired by Alley Oop.[12]
- An educated Neanderthal known as "Alley Oop" is a character in Clifford D. Simak's science-fiction novel The Goblin Reservation, published in 1968.
- "O. Paley" (whose name was a loose anagram of "Alley Oop") was the central figure in Philip José Farmer's The Alley Man, a 1959 novella about the last Neanderthal who has survived into the 20th century.
- The character was the subject of the 1960 number-one single "Alley Oop", which was the only hit for the short-lived studio band The Hollywood Argyles. It was written and composed in 1957 by Dallas Frazier. Musicians on the record included Kim Fowley and Sandy Nelson. The song was later covered, most famously by the Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band but also by Dante & the Evergreens, The Royal Guardsmen, Sha-Na-Na, The Beach Boys and George Thorogood & the Destroyers, and it was included in choreographer Twyla Tharp's 1970s ballet Deuce Coupe.
- Alley Oop is mentioned in the 1971 David Bowie song Life on Mars.[13]
- There is an Alley Oop museum and fantasy land theme park[14] in Iraan, Texas
Main characters
A main character is one who is a fixture of a particular setting. For example, King Guz and Queen Umpa are always present in ancient Moo, even if they are not central to every storyline.
Although Ooola is "Alley Oop's girlfriend", and their jealousy of potential rivals has driven many storylines, they rarely showed each other affection prior to the Benders' run. (More often, Ooola did serious violence to Alley's cranium.) For the first 69 years of the strip's existence, the two kissed only twice: once on August 14, 1945, as a last goodbye when they believed they were going to be drowned, and again on September 28, 1999, when Ooola pecked Alley on the cheek as thank-you for a timely rescue. The Benders made the couple more physically affectionate and even brought them to the altar—but, when they reached that point, Alley and Ooola decided that they made better friends than spouses.
Doctor Wonmug was drawn to look identical to the Grand Wizer. By the end of Dave Graue's tenure, Wonmug and the Wizer had been in each other's company five times; in each instance, the story was told as though the two characters had never met before, and the characters' identical appearances were remarked upon (May 26, 1945; December 7, 1960; July 17, 1963; July 30, 1965; September 24, 1970). The Benders addressed the similarity twice (on October 6, 2006, and March 23, 2007) by subverting it; that is, the other characters exclaimed that the two looked the same, but both the Wizer and Wonmug scoffed and claimed not to see any resemblance. In the daily strip on June 21, 1969, Wonmug's birthdate is given as May 10, 1900 (which was also V.T. Hamlin's birthday).
Dinny, Alley Oop's pet dinosaur, was designed as an amalgam of different features and was not meant to resemble any known dinosaur. Dinny's species is identified as a "Cartoonosaurus" in the daily strip on April 12, 1968.
| Name | First Appeared | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Alley Oop | August 7, 1933 | A time-traveling caveman |
| Dinny | August 12, 1933 | Oop's pet dinosaur |
| King Guzzle | September 8, 1933 | Ruler of Moo |
| Foozy | September 21, 1933 | Oop's pal, who talks in rhyme |
| Pooky, the Grand Wizer | September 23, 1933 | Advisor to the king |
| Queen Umpateedle | September 28, 1933 | Queen of Moo |
| Ooola | October 10, 1933 | Oop's girlfriend |
| Dr. Elbert Wonmug | April 7, 1939 | 20th-century scientist and inventor |
| G. Oscar Boom | February 28, 1940 | Rival and partner to Wonmug |
| Avery S. Peckedge ("Ava") | August 21, 1986 | Dr. Wonmug's laboratory assistant |
| Penelope | February 9, 2020 | Time-traveling child scientist (Sundays only) |
Supporting characters
New stories typically introduced new characters, especially when those stories were set outside of Moo. Therefore, a "supporting character" is one who has been featured across multiple storylines.
Eeny, the dictator, was a transparent representation of Hitler. In her first story, in 1937, she recruited "hairshirts", taught them a familiar arm-raised salute, and installed herself as "dictator" while leaving Queen Umpa as a figurehead ruler. In her second story, in 1942, she and her "Moozys", headed by the armbanded "Moostapo", overran the country and herded its citizens into "concentration caves."
The Lemian King was inconsistent during Hamlin's run. King Tunk first appeared in 1934 as a bald man with a stubbled chin, and he remained so through 1938. In 1944, this same character was named Wur rather than Tunk, although Sawalla's King Wur had previously been featured in storylines alongside King Tunk. When Lem was re-introduced in 1954, its king was named Tunk but was clean-shaven and had a full head of hair; the Lemian king returned to his original design in 1959 but was again called Wur. He regained the name Tunk in 1961 (giving his full name as "Clab Tunk" on May 22, 1961) and from then on it stuck.
Dave Wowee, Wonmug's great-great-great-grandson, was named in honor of (and drawn to resemble) Dave Graue, who typically told people that his last name "rhymes with Wowee".[15]
| Name | First Appeared | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Wootietoot | September 28, 1933 | Guz and Umpa's daughter |
| Clab Tunk | March 21, 1934 | Ruler of Lem |
| Dootsy Bobo | May 7, 1934 | Moovian mischief-maker and rival for Ooola's affections |
| Wur | May 26, 1936 | Ruler of Sawalla |
| Eeny | December 28, 1937 | Stone-age analog for Hitler |
| Zel | September 3, 1938 | Ooola's cousin and Foozy's wife (married on February 20, 1939) |
| Jon | April 7, 1939 | Dr. Wonmug's lab assistant |
| Dee | April 15, 1939 | Dr. Wonmug's daughter |
| G.I. Tum | June 24, 1939 | Federal agent |
| Dr. Amos Bronson | July 22, 1939 | Historian and Wonmug's friend |
| Moe, Beau, and Joe | January 27, 1943 | Foozy's triplets |
| Eustace | November 20, 1953 | Alley's warhorse |
| Sonny Boy | June 11, 1954 | Dinny's descendant, a twenty-or-so-million-year-old dragon |
| Brunnehilde | August 11, 1954 | Doc Wonmug's barbarian love interest |
| Jack East | February 25, 1957 | Riverboat gambler |
| Oxy Twenty-Four | January 14, 1959 | An ancient moon-man |
| The Gink | September 15, 1970 | A mind-reading Bigfoot |
| Toko | January 31, 1972 | a young Moovian boy |
| Ferdy | February 19, 1978 | a good-natured Moovian with much brawn but little brain |
| Wanda the Witch ("Granny") | January 18, 1979 | A practitioner of magic arts and the Wizer's peer |
| Dave Wowee | September 21, 2002 | Doc Wonmug's great-great-great-grandson from 2145 |
Collections and reprints
Books
| Title | Publication Year | Publisher | Dates reprinted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alley Oop: The Sawalla Chronicles | 1983 | Ken Pierce Inc. | April 10 – August 28, 1936 (a few strips omitted) |
| Alley Oop by Dave Graue | 1983 | TOR Publications | May 14, July 6–13, Sept 18–20, November 24 – December 31, 1979; January 1 – February 4, 1980; September 8 – December 1, 1981; April 5–24, April 28 – June 12, 1982 |
| Alley Oop Volume 1: The Adventures of a Time-Traveling Caveman | 1990 | Kitchen Sink Press | July 20, 1946 – June 20, 1947 |
| Alley Oop Volume 2: The Sphinx and Alley Oop | 1991 | Kitchen Sink Press | June 21, 1947 – August 30, 1948 |
| Alley Oop Volume 3: First Trip to the Moon | 1995 | Kitchen Sink Press | August 31, 1948 – November 9, 1949 |
| Alley Oop: Book 4 | 2003 | Manuscript Press | November 10, 1949 – November 10, 1950 |
| The Library of American Comics Essentials Volume 4: Alley Oop 1939: The First Time Travel Adventure | 2014 | Idea & Design Works' The Library of American Comics | March 6, 1939 – March 23, 1940 |
| Alley Oop: The Complete Sundays Volume 1 | 2014 | Dark Horse | September 9, 1934 – December 27, 1936 |
| Alley Oop: The Complete Sundays Volume 2 | 2014 | Dark Horse | January 3, 1937 – April 30, 1939 |
| Alley Oop Goes Modern: The Complete Sundays Volume 3 | 2022 | Acoustic Learning | May 7, 1939 – December 28, 1941 |
| Alley Oop In World War II: The Complete Sundays Volume 4 | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January, 1942 – August, 1944 |
| Rollerboning with Alley Oop: The Complete Sundays 1976–1978 | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1976 – December 1978 |
| Alley Oop Against the Outlanders: The Complete Sundays 1979–1981 | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1979 – December 1981 |
| Alley Oop In the Land of Giants: The Complete Sundays 1982–1984 | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January 1982 – December 1984 |
| Alley Oop and Mini-Dinny: The Complete Sundays 1985–1987 | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1985 – December 1987 |
| Alley Oop and the Dinosaur from Outer Space: The Complete Sundays 1994–1996 | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 1994 – December 1996 |
| Alley Oop and the Magic Staff: The Complete Sundays 1997–1999 | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 1997 – December 1999 |
| Alley Oop Meets Earlie Oop: The Complete Sundays 2000–2002 | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 2000 – December 2002 |
| Alley Oop Is Ooperman: The Complete Sundays 2003–2005 | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 2003 – December 2005 |
| Alley Oop and Dinny | 2022 | Acoustic Learning | December 5, 1932 – April 26, 1933 (aka Bonnet–Brown #1–120); August 7 – December 31, 1933 |
| War with Lem | 2022 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1934 |
| Invasion of Moo | 2022 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1935 |
| Sawalla | 2022 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1936 |
| Chief Bighorn | 2022 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1937 |
| Mootoo | 2022 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1938 |
| Alley Oop: The First Time-Travel Adventures | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1, 1939 – December 31, 1942 |
| Alley Oop and the Dragon of Iron Castle | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1954 |
| Alley Oop and the Tiger Tail Transplant | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1955 |
| Alley Oop Races Blarney Goldfield | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1956 |
| Alley Oop On the Mississippi | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1957 |
| Alley Oop: Back to the Moon | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1958 |
| Alley Oop and the Million-Dollar Nugget | 2023 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1959 |
| Alley Oop and the Fountain of Youth | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1960 |
| Alley Oop Versus the Moonmen | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1961 |
| Alley Oop and the Brain Butcher | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1962 |
| Alley Oop and the Dragon of Silene | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1963 |
| Alley Oop On Mount Olympus | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1964 |
| Alley Oop: The Ice Age | 2024 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1965 |
| Alley Oop and the Man from 2166 | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1966 |
| Alley Oop and the Neanderthals | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1967 |
| Alley Oop In Youtopia | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1968 |
| Alley Oop and the Beanstalk | 2025 | Acoustic Learning | January 1 – December 31, 1969 |