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The State Railways Institution (Spanish: Instituto de Ferrocarriles del Estado, or IFE) is a state-run organization of Venezuela that manages the railway systems of the country. Its headquarters are located in Caracas, Venezuela.

According to the 1999 Constitution, its renovation is a national priority. The new infrastructure which has been added includes the first new above-ground train line constructed in Venezuela for more than 70 years, the Ezequiel Zamora Mass Transportation System. Named after the soldier Ezequiel Zamora, it was inaugurated on October 15, 2006, by President Hugo Chávez.

History

Historically, much of the original Venezuelan network was designed in the 19th century in the Federalist period and under the administration of Antonio Guzmán Blanco, in order to open up the country for trade and earn foreign revenues. However, the first licenses were signed and revoked nine times before the first stretch was operating.^{[citation needed]}

Two of the first lines connected Caracas to its port of La Guaira (the La Guaira and Caracas Railway) and to Valencia (the Great Venezuela Railway) in the 1880s. Notable engineers associated with its original development include: John Grover and Robert Fairlie. Some of the later lines were designed by William A. Welch and Thomas Kavanagh (Caracas subway).

Rail transport in Venezuela was neglected and went into a major decline from the 1950s, with bus and road transport taking its place, just Caracas maintaining its 51 km (32 mi) of subway system and local railway.

In 1975 was devised by the "Instituto Ferrocarriles del Estado" (IFE) a National Plan Ferrocarrilero^[1] that began in Maracaibo and reached Barquisimeto-Puerto Cabello-Valencia-Caracas-Cua, following from Cua to Barcelona and Ciudad Bolivar-Ciudad Guayana. The company "Saprolate-Tranarg" made all aerial photographic surveys and the Plan was approved by the then President Luis Herrera Campins, but in the 1980s the Plan IFE was blocked for economic reasons after the devaluation of the Bolivar in 1983 and then was finally canceled with the Caracazo of 1989. Only the section Caracas-Cúa was maintained as a budgeted project (and was made, being inaugurated in 2006 by President Hugo Chavez) .

The 1999 constitution was a signal for a major reinvestment in the infrastructure of the state. Much of the renovation of the current Venezuelan railway network is still at the planning stage, with some already constructed and the rest to be built over a period of about 30 years.

Railway network

The Venezuelan network includes 682 km (424 mi) of rail in standard gauge.^[3] The network covers the populated and production areas in the country, and is managed by IFE under various Regional Development Plans. There are also connections between Colombia and Brazil that link to the other countries of South America, although traffic in the border areas are affected by foreign policy and defence strategy.

IFE is the sole operator of trains in Venezuela, however, they have created various railway names assigned to different regions throughout the country.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Instituto_de_Ferrocarriles_del_Estado
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Railway	Branch	Present Status	Station	Location
Ezequiel Zamora	Capital Line Caracas – El Sombrero (approx 150 km)	Passenger service on Venezuela's first electrified train line[4] between Caracas and Cúa (41 km) has been in operation since October 15, 2006.[5] Although short this trip passes through 24 tunnels with the longest being just under 6.8 km[6]	Libertador Simón Bolívar	Caracas beside the Caracas Metro La Rinconada station.	Federal District
			Generalísimo Francisco de Miranda	North Charallave	Miranda State
			Don Simón Rodríguez	South Charallave	Miranda State
			General Ezequiel Zamora	Cúa	Miranda State
				Camatagua	Aragua State
				El Sombrero	Guarico State
	Puerto Cabello – La Encrucijada (approx. 108 km)	Under construction and originally projected completion by before 2011[7] however there have been damage setbacks.[8] After years of slow progress[9] a small part of the line (San Diego-Guacara about 10 km) will be opened before the end of 2012.[needs update][10] The best optimistic estimate for 100% completion was sometime before 2015.[needs update][11] Presently[when?] 14 of 15 tunnels[12] (accumulated 28 km in length) have been completed with hope for the last one to be finished before end of 2012.[13] The longest built tunnel is just a smidgen under 7.8 km in length. In 2016 the, "Puerto Cabello railway project, was described as irregular and marked by slow payments by the client as a result of the country’s poor economic conditions, mainly related to the drop in the price of oil."[14]	Puerto Cabello	Puerto Cabello	Carabobo State
			Naguanagua	Northern Valencia suburb	Carabobo State
			San Diego	North-eastern Valencia suburb	Carabobo State
			Guacara	Eastern Valencia suburb	Carabobo State
			San Joaquín	San Joaquín	Carabobo State
			Mariara	Mariara	Carabobo State
			Maracay	Maracay	Aragua State
			Cagua	Santa Crúz de Aragua[15] with station near Cagua, La Encrucijada and Turmero	Aragua State
	La Encrucijada – Cúa	planning stage	La Victoria	La Victoria	Aragua State
			Las Tejerías	Las Tejerías	Aragua State
	La Encrucijada – San Juan de Los Morros	planning stage	Villa de Cura	Villa de Cura	Aragua State
			San Juan de Los Morros	San Juan de Los Morros	Guárico State
Simón Bolívar	Puerto Cabello – Barquisimeto	Trial runs between Barquisimeto and Yaritagua have been successful where passenger travel time between the 2 stations is completed in 30 minutes (34 km). Also currently freight trains run from Puerto Cabello to Barquisimeto (173 km).[16] Since the original plans for line and station renovation and modernization projected passenger travel by the end of 2010 have faltered, after considerable delay in construction, the best hope is that full service will be available in 2013.[17] An additional rail will be added between the Morón and Puerto Cabello Stations to serve the expected increase in rail traffic on the shared line.[18]	Puerto Cabello	Puerto Cabello	Carabobo State
			Morón	Western Puerto Cabello Suburb	Carabobo State
			San Felipe	San Felipe	Yaracuy State
			Urama	Urama	Yaracuy State
			Chivacoa	Chivacoa	Yaracuy State
			Yaritagua	Yaritagua	Yaracuy State
			Barquisimeto	Barquisimeto	Lara State
	Yaritagua – Acarigua – Turén	Trial train runs have been successfully employed between Barquisimeto and Acarigua via Yaritagua and everyone awaits the inauguration for this 101 km service.[19] The travel time between Yaritagua and Acarigua is 40 minutes. As well an additional 44+ km line extension from Acarigua to Turén should be completed before the end of 2012.[needs update][20] Ruezga bridge in Barquisimeto is said to be planned for completion in 2017, allowing opening of the line.[21]	Acarigua	Acarigua	Portuguesa State
			Turén	Turén	Portuguesa State
Norte Occidental (North Western)	Morón – Riecito	only freight services	Morón	Morón	Carabobo State
			Tucacas	Tucacas	Falcón State
			Yaracal	Yaracal	Falcón State
			Riecito	Riecito	Falcón State
	Yaracal – Punto Fijo	planning stage	Coro	Coro	Falcón State
			Punto Fijo	Punto Fijo	Falcón State
Norte Llanero (Northern Plains)	Maturín – Anaco	planning stage	Maturín	Maturín	Monagas State
			Anaco	Anaco	Anzoátegui State
	Anaco – Tinaco[22][23]	This 468 km line is under construction for over 3 years, and expected completion by year-end 2012 has amounted to just less than 25% line completion.[24] So far the construction rate on 5 different work fronts has been slow or even delayed.[25]	Aragua de Barcelona	Anaco	Anzoátegui State
			Zaraza	Zaraza	Guárico State
			Tucupito	Tucupito	Guárico State
			Valle de la Pascua	Valle de la Pascua	Guárico State
			Chaguaramos	Chaguaramos	Guárico State
			El Sombrero	El Sombrero	Guárico State
			Dos Caminos	Dos Caminos	Guárico State
			El Pao	El Pao	Cojedes State
			Tinaco	Tinaco	Cojedes State
	Tinaco – Barinas	planning stage	San Carlos	San Carlos	Cojedes State
			Acarigua	Acarigua	Portuguesa State
			Guanare	Guanare	Portuguesa State
			Sabaneta	Sabaneta	Barinas State
			Barinas	Barinas	Barinas State
	Barinas – San Cristobál	planning stage	Barinitas	Barinitas	Barinas State