2023 Oyo State gubernatorial election

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Registered	3,276,675
Nominee Seyi Makinde Teslim Folarin Adebayo Adelabu Party PDP APC A Running mate Bayo Lawal David Oluwafemi Okunlola Abiodun Ayanfemi Ayandele Popular vote 563,756 256,685 38,357 Percentage 63.37% 28.86% 4.31%
Governor before election Seyi Makinde PDP Elected Governor Seyi Makinde PDP

The 2023 Oyo State gubernatorial election will take place on 18 March 2023, to elect the Governor of Oyo State, concurrent with elections to the Oyo State House of Assembly as well as twenty-seven other gubernatorial elections and elections to all other state houses of assembly.^[1][2] The election—which was postponed from its original 11 March date—will be held three weeks after the presidential election and National Assembly elections.^[3] Incumbent PDP Governor Seyi Makinde was re-elected, winning by a % margin of victory over first runner-up and APC nominee—Senator Teslim Folarin.^[4]

The primaries, scheduled for between 4 April and 9 June 2022, resulted in Makinde being renominated by the Peoples Democratic Party by a wide margin on 25 May while the All Progressives Congress nominated Folarin—Senator for Oyo Central—on 26 May.^[5][6] The next month, Adebayo Adelabu—the runner-up in the APC primary—obtained the Accord nomination.

Electoral system

The Governor of Oyo State is elected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of state local government areas. If no candidate passes this threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government areas.

Background

Oyo State is a large, Yoruba-majority southwestern state; the state has vast agricultural and service sectors but it faces large security issues from both inter-ethnic violence and conflict between herders and farmers along with a large number of out-of-school children.^[7]

Politically, the 2019 elections in the state were categorized as a large swing towards the PDP as the party's presidential nominee Atiku Abubakar narrowly won the state after Buhari had won it in 2015, Makinde won the gubernatorial race by 17% of the vote, and the PDP gained a majority in the House of Assembly. For the Senate, the APC won back two Senate seats it lost through defections while the PDP gained a APC-held seat; in the House of Representatives, the APC won the majority of the seats.

Ahead of his term, Makinde's inauguration speech focused on ease of doing business, fighting poverty, education, agricultural development, disability rights, and healthcare.^[8] In terms of his performance, Makinde was commended for a productive first 100 days, investing heavily in educational development, establishing the Oyo State Anti-Corruption Agency, and confirming that Muslim students could wear hijabs in school.^{[9][10][11][12][13][14]} However, he was criticized for poor initial responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and October 2020 End SARS protests along with proposed handing over of Government College, Ibadan to the alumni association.^[15][16][17]

Primary elections

The primaries, along with any potential challenges to primary results, were to take place between 4 April and 3 June 2022 but the deadline was extended to 9 June.^[2][18]

All Progressives Congress

Analysts viewed the APC gubernatorial primary as a likely contest between the preexisting major factions within the Oyo State APC, namely: the faction led by Oyo Central Senator Teslim Folarin and the Unity Forum which was backed by most other major state APC politicians including Oyo North Senator Abdulfatai Buhari and 2019 APC nominee Adebayo Adelabu. Tensions between the factions reached a head days before the APC national convention in March 2022 when the Unity Forum held a parallel party congress and elected separate leadership to the Folarin-supported bloc's congress;^[19] although the national party ended up accepting the congress by Folarin's faction, tensions continued until an April reconciliation process between Buhari and Folarin which ended in a truce where Buhari dropped out of the gubernatorial race and Folarin supported Buhari's return bid to the senate.^{[20][21][22][23]}

Pre-primary analysis said the race was between the groups backing Folarin and Adelabu.^[30] Hours before the primary's scheduled start, the primary committee abruptly postponed the election until 27 May due to "an influx of non-delegates into the venue and security reasons."^[31] The next day, the candidates contested an indirect primary that ended in a win for Folarin after results showed him gaining just over 73% of the delegates' votes. In his acceptance speech, Folarin vowed to save the state from the "maladministration of the PDP-led government" and thanked delegates.^[6] However, the internal party crisis did not end as Adelabu—the first runner-up who did not attend the primary—labeled the primary as a "charade" and left the party for Accord.^[32][33]

Nominated

• Teslim Folarin: Senator for Oyo Central (2003–2011; 2019–present) and 2015 PDP gubernatorial nominee^[34][35][6]
  • Running mate—David Oluwafemi Okunlola: lecturer

Eliminated in primary

• Azeez Adeduntan: former Commissioner of Health^[36][6]
• Adebayo Adelabu: 2019 APC gubernatorial nominee and former CBN Deputy Governor of Operations (2014–2018) (defected after to the primary to run in the Accord gubernatorial primary)^[34][37][6]
• Akeem Agbaje: barrister^[36][6]
• Adeolu Akande: Chairman of the Nigerian Communications Commission (2020–present) and former Chief of Staff to Governor Abiola Ajimobi^[6]
• Oyedele Hakeem Alao: 2019 AD gubernatorial nominee^[38][39][6]

Withdrew

• Adeniyi Akintola: former House of Assembly member and husband of state High Court judge Rachael Boyede Akintola^[40][6]
• Abdulfatai Buhari: Senator for Oyo North (2015–present) and former House of Representatives member for Ogbomoso North/Ogbomoso South/Orire (2003–2007) (to run for senator for Oyo North)^[41]
• Abisoye Fagade: businessman (to run for senator for Oyo Central)^[42][43]
• Joseph Olasunkanmi Tegbe: 2019 APC gubernatorial candidate (defected to the PDP prior to the primary to run for senator for Oyo Central)^[44]

Declined

• Abdur-Raheem Adebayo Shittu: former Minister of Communications (2015–2019), 2015 and 2019 APC gubernatorial candidate, former Commissioner for Justice and Attorney General, and former House of Assembly member^[21]

Results

People's Democratic Party

Despite rumors about a potential presidential campaign, Makinde declined to contest for the presidency and instead announced his campaign for re-election to the office of governor;^[45] analysts state that he is the prohibitive favorite in the PDP gubernatorial primary.^[21] However, the Oyo PDP underwent a series of internal disputes ahead of the election with the most major one being over Makinde's control of the state party and his "consensus" picks for various nominations.^[46] Another issue was the break between Makinde and his deputy, Rauf Olaniyan; while Olaniyan ruled out a gubernatorial run in 2020, he lamented being sidelined and openly spoke about defecting to another party by early 2022.^[47]

Ahead of the primary, observers predicted an easy Makinde victory.^[30] On the date of the primary, the exercise held peacefully at Lekan Salami Stadium in Ibadan and ended with Makinde defeating his sole challenger, former Deputy Governor Hazeem Gbolarumi, by a massive margin: 1,040 to 2. Before the primary, Gbolarumi claimed that his supporters were chased from the venue and after the vote, he rejected the results.^[5][51] After the primary, Makinde dropped Olaniyan as his running mate by picking former state Attorney-General Bayo Lawal instead on 7 June;^[52][53][54] a few days later Olaniyan decamped to the APC.^[55][56] On 18 July, Olaniyan was removed from office by the House of Assembly with Lawal being nominated and confirmed in his place.^[57][58]

Nominated

• Seyi Makinde: Governor (2019–present) and 2015 SDP gubernatorial nominee^[59][60][5]
  • Running mate—Bayo Lawal: Deputy Governor (2022–present) and former state Attorney-General^[54]

Eliminated in primary

• Hazeem Gbolarumi: former Deputy Governor (2007–2011)^[61][60][5]

Withdrew

• Joshua Olukayode Popoola: engineer (defected prior to the primary to successfully run in the NNPP gubernatorial primary)^[62]

Declined

• Rauf Olaniyan: former Deputy Governor (2019–2022)^[63]

Results