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Academy Award for Best Director
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Academy Award for Best Director
The 2023 recipient: Christopher Nolan
Awarded forExcellence in Cinematic Direction Achievement
CountryUnited States
Presented byAcademy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
First awarded1929
Most recent winnerChristopher Nolan, Oppenheimer (2024)
Most awardsJohn Ford (4)
Most nominationsWilliam Wyler (12)
Websiteoscars.org

The Academy Award for Best Director (officially known as the Academy Award of Merit for Directing) is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of a film director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry.

The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with the award being split into "Dramatic" and "Comedy" categories; Frank Borzage and Lewis Milestone won for 7th Heaven and Two Arabian Knights, respectively.[1] However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies.[2] Nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the academy.[3][4][5]

For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year. However, after the nomination of Michael Curtiz for two films, Angels with Dirty Faces and Four Daughters, at the 11th Academy Awards, the rules were revised so that an individual could only be nominated for one film at each ceremony.[6] That rule has since been amended, although the only director who has received multiple nominations in the same year was Steven Soderbergh for Erin Brockovich and Traffic in 2000, winning the award for the latter. The Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that won Best Picture and were also nominated for Best Director, 68 won the award.[7][8]

Since its inception, the award has been given to 75 directors or directing teams. As of the 96th Academy Awards ceremony, British-American filmmaker Christopher Nolan is the most recent winner in this category for his work on Oppenheimer.

Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County, California; the ceremonies are always held the following year.[9] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31.[10] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933.[10] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.[10]

Frank Borzage won twice: "Dramatic director" at the first ceremony, for 7th Heaven (1927); & later, Bad Girl (1931).
Lewis Milestone won twice: "Comedy director" at the first ceremony, for Two Arabian Knights (1927); & later, All Quiet on the Western Front (1930).
Frank Lloyd won twice, for The Divine Lady (1929) & Cavalcade (1933).
Frank Capra won thrice, for It Happened One Night (1934), Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), & You Can't Take It with You (1938).
John Ford won a record four times, for: The Informer (1935), The Grapes of Wrath (1940), How Green Was My Valley (1941), & The Quiet Man (1952).
Leo McCarey won twice, for The Awful Truth (1937) & Going My Way (1944).
Victor Fleming won for Gone with the Wind (1939).
William Wyler, with a record twelve nominations, won thrice, for: Mrs. Miniver (1942), The Best Years of Our Lives (1946), & Ben-Hur (1959).
Michael Curtiz won for Casablanca (1942).
Billy Wilder (right, with Gloria Swanson) won twice, for The Lost Weekend (1945) & The Apartment (1960).
Elia Kazan won twice, for Gentleman's Agreement (1947) & On the Waterfront (1954).
John Huston won for The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948).
Joseph L. Mankiewicz won twice consecutively, for A Letter to Three Wives (1949) & All About Eve (1950).
George Stevens won twice, for A Place in the Sun (1951) & Giant (1956).
Fred Zinnemann won twice, for From Here to Eternity (1953) & A Man for All Seasons (1966).
David Lean won twice, for The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) & Lawrence of Arabia (1962).
Vincente Minnelli won for Gigi (1958).
Robert Wise won twice: jointly with Jerome Robbins (an Oscars first) for West Side Story (1961) & solo for The Sound of Music (1965).
George Cukor won for My Fair Lady (1964).
Mike Nichols won for The Graduate (1967).
Carol Reed won for Oliver! (1968).
Franklin J. Schaffner won for Patton (1970).
Bob Fosse won for Cabaret (1972).
Francis Ford Coppola won for The Godfather Part II (1974).
Miloš Forman won twice, for One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) & Amadeus (1984).
Woody Allen won for Annie Hall (1977).
Robert Redford won for Ordinary People (1980).
Warren Beatty won for Reds (1981).
Richard Attenborough won for Gandhi (1982).
Sydney Pollack won for Out of Africa (1985).
Oliver Stone won twice, for Platoon (1986) & Born on the Fourth of July (1989).
Bernardo Bertolucci won for The Last Emperor (1987).
Barry Levinson won for Rain Man (1988).
Kevin Costner won for Dances with Wolves (1990).
Jonathan Demme won for The Silence of the Lambs (1991).
Clint Eastwood won twice, for Unforgiven (1992) & Million Dollar Baby (2004)—latter, at 74, rendered him the oldest winner.
Steven Spielberg won twice, for Schindler's List (1993) & Saving Private Ryan (1998).
Robert Zemeckis won for Forrest Gump (1994).
Mel Gibson won for Braveheart (1995).
James Cameron won for Titanic (1997).
Sam Mendes won for American Beauty (1999).
Steven Soderbergh won for Traffic (2000).
Ron Howard won for A Beautiful Mind (2001).
Roman Polanski won for The Pianist (2002).
Peter Jackson won for The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003).
Ang Lee won twice, for Brokeback Mountain (2005) & Life of Pi (2012); first Asian winner.
Martin Scorsese won for The Departed (2006).
The Coen brothers won for No Country for Old Men (2007).
Danny Boyle won for Slumdog Millionaire (2008).
Kathryn Bigelow won for The Hurt Locker (2009); first woman to win.
Alfonso Cuarón won twice, for Gravity (2013) & Roma (2018); first Mexican winner.
Alejandro G. Iñárritu won twice consecutively, for Birdman (2014) & The Revenant (2015).
Damien Chazelle won for La La Land (2016); youngest winner, at age 32.
Guillermo del Toro won for The Shape of Water (2017).
Bong Joon-ho won for Parasite (2019); first to direct a foreign-language (Korean) winner for Best Picture.
Chloé Zhao won for Nomadland (2020); first woman of color to win.
Jane Campion won for The Power of the Dog (2021); first woman to be nominated twice.
The Daniels won for Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022).
Table key
  Indicates the winner

1920s

Year Director(s) Film Ref.
1927/28
(1st) 		Frank Borzage (Dramatic Picture) 7th Heaven [11]
Herbert Brenon (Dramatic Picture) Sorrell and Son
King Vidor (Dramatic Picture) The Crowd
Lewis Milestone (Comedy Picture) Two Arabian Knights
Ted Wilde (Comedy Picture) Speedy
Charlie Chaplin (Comedy Picture) The Circus[a] [12]
1928/29
(2nd)
[b] 		Frank Lloyd The Divine Lady [13]
Lionel Barrymore Madame X
Harry Beaumont The Broadway Melody
Irving Cummings In Old Arizona
Frank Lloyd Drag
Weary River
Ernst Lubitsch The Patriot

1930s

Year Director(s) Film Ref.
1929/30
(3rd) 		Lewis Milestone All Quiet on the Western Front [14]
Clarence Brown[c] Anna Christie
Romance
Robert Z. Leonard The Divorcee
Ernst Lubitsch The Love Parade
King Vidor Hallelujah!
1930/31
(4th) 		Norman Taurog Skippy [15]
Clarence Brown A Free Soul
Lewis Milestone The Front Page
Wesley Ruggles Cimarron
Josef von Sternberg Morocco
1931/32
(5th) 		Frank Borzage Bad Girl [16]
King Vidor The Champ
Josef von Sternberg Shanghai Express
1932/33
(6th) 		Frank Lloyd Cavalcade [17]
Frank Capra Lady for a Day
George Cukor Little Women
1934
(7th) 		Frank Capra It Happened One Night [18]
Victor Schertzinger One Night of Love
W. S. Van Dyke The Thin Man
1935
(8th) 		John Ford The Informer [19][20]
Henry Hathaway The Lives of a Bengal Lancer
Frank Lloyd Mutiny on the Bounty
Michael Curtiz (Write-in)[d] Captain Blood
1936
(9th) 		Frank Capra Mr. Deeds Goes to Town [21]
Gregory La Cava My Man Godfrey
Robert Z. Leonard The Great Ziegfeld
W. S. Van Dyke San Francisco
William Wyler Dodsworth
1937
(10th) 		Leo McCarey The Awful Truth [22]
William Dieterle The Life of Emile Zola
Sidney Franklin The Good Earth
Gregory La Cava Stage Door
William A. Wellman A Star Is Born
1938
(11th) 		Frank Capra You Can't Take It with You [23]
Michael Curtiz Angels with Dirty Faces
Four Daughters
Norman Taurog Boys Town
King Vidor The Citadel
1939
(12th) 		Victor Fleming Gone with the Wind [24]
Frank Capra Mr. Smith Goes to Washington
John Ford Stagecoach
Sam Wood Goodbye, Mr. Chips
William Wyler Wuthering Heights

1940s

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Academy_Award_for_Best_Director
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Year Director(s) Film Ref.
1940
(13th) 		John Ford The Grapes of Wrath [25]
George Cukor The Philadelphia Story
Alfred Hitchcock Rebecca
Sam Wood Kitty Foyle
William Wyler The Letter
1941
(14th) 		John Ford How Green Was My Valley [26]
Alexander Hall Here Comes Mr. Jordan
Howard Hawks Sergeant York
Orson Welles Citizen Kane
William Wyler The Little Foxes
1942
(15th) 		William Wyler Mrs. Miniver [27]
Michael Curtiz Yankee Doodle Dandy
John Farrow Wake Island
Mervyn LeRoy Random Harvest
Sam Wood Kings Row
1943
(16th) 		Michael Curtiz Casablanca [28]
Clarence Brown The Human Comedy
Henry King The Song of Bernadette
Ernst Lubitsch Heaven Can Wait
George Stevens The More the Merrier
1944
(17th) 		Leo McCarey Going My Way [29]
Alfred Hitchcock Lifeboat
Henry King Wilson
Otto Preminger Laura
Billy Wilder Double Indemnity
1945
(18th) 		Billy Wilder The Lost Weekend [30]
Clarence Brown National Velvet
Alfred Hitchcock Spellbound
Leo McCarey The Bells of St. Mary's
Jean Renoir The Southerner
1946
(19th) 		William Wyler The Best Years of Our Lives [31]
Clarence Brown The Yearling
Frank Capra It's a Wonderful Life
David Lean Brief Encounter
Robert Siodmak The Killers
1947
(20th) 		Elia Kazan Gentleman's Agreement [32]