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Ardennes offensive
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This article is about the 1944 German offensive in World War II. For other uses, see Battle of the Bulge (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with the 1940 German Army Group A Ardennes offensive in the Battle of France.
"Ardennes Offensive" redirects here. For the video game, see Ardennes Offensive (video game).

Battle of the Bulge
Part of the Western Front of World War II

American soldiers of the 117th Infantry Regiment, Tennessee National Guard, part of the 30th Infantry Division, move past a destroyed American M5A1 "Stuart" tank on their march to recapture the town of St. Vith during the Battle of the Bulge, January 1945.
Date16 December 1944 – 28 January 1945[1]
(1 month, 1 week and 5 days)
Location
The Ardennes: Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany
50°0′15″N 5°43′12″E / 50.00417°N 5.72000°E / 50.00417; 5.72000
Result Allied victory
Belligerents
  Germany
Commanders and leaders
Units involved

United States 12th Army Group:

United Kingdom 21st Army Group

United States United Kingdom Canada 1st Allied Airborne Army

Nazi Germany Army Group B:

Strength
16 December:[a]
  • 228,741 men
  • 483 tanks
  • 499 tank destroyers and assault guns[b]
  • 1,921 other armored fighting vehicles (AFVs)
  • 971 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 6 infantry divisions
  • 2 armored divisions

24 December:

  • c. 541,000 men
  • 1,616 tanks
  • 1,713 tank destroyers and assault guns
  • 5,352 other AFVs
  • 2,408 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 15 infantry divisions
  • 6 armored divisions
  • 1 armored brigade

2 January:

  • c. 705,000 men
  • 2,409 tanks
  • 1,970 tank destroyers and assault guns
  • 7,769 other AFVs
  • 3,305 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 22 infantry divisions
  • 8 armored divisions
  • 2 armored brigades

16 January:

  • 700,520 men
  • 2,428 tanks
  • 1,912 tank destroyers and assault guns
  • 7,079 other AFVs
  • 3,181 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 22 infantry divisions
  • 8 armored divisions
  • 2 armored brigades[2]
16 December:
  • 406,342 men
  • 557 tanks
  • 667 tank destroyers and assault guns
  • 1,261 other AFVs
  • 4,224 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 13 infantry divisions[c]
  • 7 armored divisions
  • 1 armored brigade[3]

24 December:

  • c. 449,000 men
  • 423 tanks
  • 608 tank destroyers and assault guns
  • 1,496 other AFVs
  • 4,131 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 16 infantry divisions
  • 8 armored divisions
  • 3 armored brigades

2 January:

  • c. 401,000 men
  • 287 tanks
  • 462 tank destroyers and assault guns
  • 1,090 other AFVs
  • 3,396 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 15 infantry divisions
  • 8 armored divisions
  • 3 armored brigades

16 January:

  • 383,016 men
  • 216 tanks
  • 414 tank destroyers and assault guns
  • 907 other AFVs
  • 3,256 anti-tank and artillery pieces
  • 16 infantry divisions
  • 8 armored divisions
  • 2 armored brigades[2]
Casualties and losses
United States American:

United Kingdom British:

Nazi Germany German:

(U.S. Estimate: 103,900[13][f] casualties)

  • 527–554[14] tanks, tank destroyers and assault guns lost
  • c. 800 aircraft lost, at least 500 in December and 280 during Operation Bodenplatte[7]
Approximately 3,000 civilians killed.[15]