A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
Member state of the European Union | |
---|---|
Category | Member state |
Location | European Union |
Created |
|
Number | 27 (as of 2024) |
Possible types |
|
Populations | Smallest: Malta, 542,051 Largest: Germany, 84,358,845[1] |
Areas | Smallest: Malta, 316 km2 (122 sq mi) Largest: France, 638,475 km2 (246,517 sq mi)[2] |
Government |
|
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are party to the EU's founding treaties, and thereby subject to the privileges and obligations of membership. They have agreed by the treaties to share their own sovereignty through the institutions of the European Union in certain aspects of government. State governments must agree unanimously in the Council for the union to adopt some policies; for others, collective decisions are made by qualified majority voting. These obligations and sharing of sovereignty within the EU (sometimes referred to as supranational) make it unique among international organisations, as it has established its own legal order which by the provisions of the founding treaties is both legally binding and supreme on all the member states (after a landmark ruling of the ECJ in 1964). A founding principle of the union is subsidiarity, meaning that decisions are taken collectively if and only if they cannot realistically be taken individually.
Each member country appoints to the European Commission a European commissioner. The commissioners do not represent their member state, but instead work collectively in the interests of all the member states within the EU.
In the 1950s, six core states founded the EU's predecessor European Communities (Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany). The remaining states have acceded in subsequent enlargements. To accede, a state must fulfil the economic and political requirements known as the Copenhagen criteria, which require a candidate to have a democratic government and free-market economy together with the corresponding freedoms and institutions, and respect for the rule of law. Enlargement of the Union is also contingent upon the consent of all existing members and the candidate's adoption of the existing body of EU law, known as the acquis communautaire.
The United Kingdom, which had acceded to the EU's predecessor in 1973, ceased to be an EU member state on 31 January 2020, in a political process known as Brexit. No other member state has withdrawn from the EU and none has been suspended, although some dependent territories or semi-autonomous areas have left.
List
Country | Coat of arms | ISO | Accession | Population[3] | Area (km2) |
Largest city |
GDP (US$ M) |
GDP (PPP) per cap.[4][5] |
Currency | Gini[6] | HDI[7] | MEPs | Official languages |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | AT | 1 January 1995 | 8,926,000 | 83,855 | Vienna | 447,718 | 55,406 | euro | 29.1 | 0.922 | 19 | German | |
Belgium | BE | Founder | 11,566,041 | 30,528 | Brussels | 517,609 | 50,114 | euro | 33.0 | 0.931 | 21 | Dutch French German | |
Bulgaria | BG | 1 January 2007 | 6,916,548 | 110,994 | Sofia | 66,250 | 23,741 | lev | 29.2 | 0.816 | 17 | Bulgarian | |
Croatia | HR | 1 July 2013 | 4,036,355 | 56,594 | Zagreb | 80,180 | 42,531 | euro | 29 | 0.851 | 12 | Croatian | |
Cyprus[a] | CY | 1 May 2004 | 896,000 | 9,251 | Nicosia | 24,280 | 39,079 | euro | 31.2 | 0.887 | 6 | Greek Turkish[b] | |
Czechia | CZ | 1 May 2004 | 10,574,153 | 78,866 | Prague | 246,953 | 40,293 | koruna | 25.8 | 0.900 | 21 | Czech[c] | |
Denmark[d] | DK | 1 January 1973 | 5,833,883 | 43,075 | Copenhagen | 347,176 | 57,781 | krone | 24.7 | 0.940 | 14 | Danish | |
Estonia | EE | 1 May 2004 | 1,330,068 | 45,227 | Tallinn | 31,038 | 37,033 | euro | 36.0 | 0.892 | 7 | Estonian | |
Finland[e] | FI | 1 January 1995 | 5,527,493 | 338,424 | Helsinki | 269,654 | 49,334 | euro | 26.9 | 0.938 | 14 | Finnish Swedish | |
France[f] | FR | Founder | 67,439,614 | 632,833[8] | Paris | 2,707,074 | 45,454 | euro | 32.7 | 0.901 | 79 | French | |
Germany | DE | Founder[g] | 83,120,520 | 357,386 | Berlin | 3,863,344 | 53,571 | euro | 31.9 | 0.947 | 96 | German | |
Greece | GR | 1 January 1981 | 10,682,547 | 131,990 | Athens | 214,012 | 29,045 | euro | 34.3 | 0.888 | 21 | Greek | |
Hungary | HU | 1 May 2004 | 9,730,772 | 93,030 | Budapest | 170,407 | 32,434 | forint | 30.0 | 0.854 | 21 | Hungarian | |
Ireland | IE | 1 January 1973 | 5,006,324 | 70,273 | Dublin | 384,940 | 89,383 | euro | 34.3 | 0.955 | 13 | English Irish | |
Italy | IT | Founder | 59,862,348 | 301,338 | Rome | 1,988,636 | 40,065 | euro | 36.0 | 0.892 | 76 | Italian | |
Latvia | LV | 1 May 2004 | 1,893,223 | 64,589 | Riga | 35,045 | 30,579 | euro | 35.7 | 0.866 | 8 | Latvian | |
Lithuania | LT | 1 May 2004 | 2,795,680 | 65,200 | Vilnius | 53,641 | 38,605 | euro | 35.8 | 0.882 | 11 | Lithuanian | |
Luxembourg | LU | Founder | 633,347 | 2,586.4 | Luxembourg | 69,453 | 112,875 | euro | 30.8 | 0.916 | 6 | French German[h] | |
Malta | MT | 1 May 2004 | 516,100 | 316 | St. Paul's Bay | 14,859 | 43,086 | euro | 25.8 | 0.895 | 6 | Maltese English | |
Netherlands[i] | NL | Founder | 17,614,840 | 41,543 | Amsterdam | 902,355 | 57,101 | euro | 30.9
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=EU_Member_States Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.
Analytika
Antropológia Aplikované vedy Bibliometria Dejiny vedy Encyklopédie Filozofia vedy Forenzné vedy Humanitné vedy Knižničná veda Kryogenika Kryptológia Kulturológia Literárna veda Medzidisciplinárne oblasti Metódy kvantitatívnej analýzy Metavedy Metodika Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative
Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších
podmienok. www.astronomia.sk | www.biologia.sk | www.botanika.sk | www.dejiny.sk | www.economy.sk | www.elektrotechnika.sk | www.estetika.sk | www.farmakologia.sk | www.filozofia.sk | Fyzika | www.futurologia.sk | www.genetika.sk | www.chemia.sk | www.lingvistika.sk | www.politologia.sk | www.psychologia.sk | www.sexuologia.sk | www.sociologia.sk | www.veda.sk I www.zoologia.sk |