Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg

Names
	Ernst Frederick Paul Georg Nikolaus

Ernst I
Ernst I
	Photograph, c. 1870
Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
Reign	3 August 1853 – 7 February 1908
Predecessor	George
Successor	Ernst II
Born	16 September 1826; Hildburghausen
Died	7 February 1908 (aged 81); Altenburg
Spouse	Agnes of Anhalt-Dessau (m. 1853; died 1897)
Issue	Marie, Princess Albert of Prussia
Names
Names
	Ernst Frederick Paul Georg Nikolaus
House	Wettin
Father	Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
Mother	Marie Luise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Religion	Lutheranism

Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (German: Ernst I. Friedrich Paul Georg Nikolaus von Sachsen-Altenburg) (16 September 1826 in Hildburghausen – 7 February 1908 in Altenburg), was a duke of Saxe-Altenburg. He was the first son of Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Marie Luise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. In 1853 he succeeded his father as Duke of Saxe-Altenburg. He was of a retiring disposition and he took little active part in running the country. After a reign that lasted fifty five years, he died without a living direct male heir; because of this, he was succeeded by his nephew, Ernst.

Marriage

He was married in Dessau on 28 April 1853 to Agnes of Anhalt-Dessau (1824–1897). Agnes was a sister of Friedrich I, Duke of Anhalt.^[1]

They had two children:

Marie (b. Eisenberg, 2 August 1854 – d. Camenz, 8 October 1898), married on 19 April 1873 to Albrecht of Prussia.
Georg (b. Altenburg, 1 February 1856 – d. Altenburg, 29 February 1856).

Honours and decorations

German honours^[2]

Ernestine duchies:
- Joint Grand Master of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, 3 August 1853
- Service Award Cross (25 years)
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 24 February 1849^[3]
Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1848^[4]
Ascanian duchies: Grand Cross of Albert the Bear, 3 January 1852;^[5] with Swords, 1872^[6]
Baden:^[7]
- Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1881
- Knight of the Order of Berthold the First, 1881
Bavaria: Knight of St. Hubert, 1853^[8]
Brunswick: Grand Cross of Henry the Lion, with Swords, 1876^[9]
Hanover:
- Knight of St. George, 1855^[10]
- Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order
- Grand Cross of the Order of Ernst August
Schaumburg-Lippe:
- Cross of Honour of the House Order of Lippe, 1st Class with Crown
- Military Merit Medal
Mecklenburg:
- Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown, with Collar
- Military Merit Cross, 2nd Class (Schwerin)
Nassau Ducal Family: Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau
Oldenburg: Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, with Golden Crown and Collar, 9 February 1852^[11]
Kingdom of Prussia:
- Knight of the Black Eagle, with Collar
- Knight of the Red Eagle, 1st Class
- Grand Commander of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern
- Knight of Honour of the Johanniter Order
- Iron Cross, 2nd Class
Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1868^[12]

Foreign honours^[2]

Austrian Empire: Grand Cross of St. Stephen, 1859^[13]
Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Royal Order of Leopold
Denmark: Knight of the Elephant, 28 October 1882^[14]
Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
Ottoman Empire: Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class in Diamonds
Kingdom of Romania: Grand Cross of the Star of Romania
Russian Empire:
- Knight of St. Andrew
- Knight of St. George, 4th Class
Kingdom of Serbia: Grand Cross of the Cross of Takovo
Sweden-Norway: Knight of the Seraphim, 24 February 1864^[15]
Grand Duchy of Tuscany: Grand Cross of the Military Order of St. Stephen

Ancestry

Ancestors of Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg

Ernest Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen

Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg

Princess Ernestine of Saxe-Weimar

Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg

Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt

Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg

Friedrich Franz I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

Frederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

Marie Luise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

Paul I of Russia

Elena Pavlovna of Russia

Sophia Dorothea of Württemberg

References

^ "Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg Dead". The New York Times. 24 October 1897.
^ ^a ^b Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Altenburg (1902), "Genealogie des Herzoglichen Hauses Sachsen-Altenburg" pp. 1-2
^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1851), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 8 Archived 2020-07-06 at the Wayback Machine
^ Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen: 1865/66. Heinrich. 1866. p. 4.
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt (1867) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 17
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch für des Herzogtum Anhalt (1883), "Herzoglicher Haus-Orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 15
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1896), "Großherzogliches Haus", pp. 62, 76
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1906), "Königliche Orden" p. 7
^ Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Herzogtums Braunschweig für das Jahr 1897, "Herzogliche Orden Heinrich des Löwen" p. 10
^ Staat Hannover (1865). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865. Berenberg. p. 38.
^ Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: für das Jahr 1872/73, "Der Großherzogliche Haus-und Verdienst Orden" p. 30
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Württemberg (1873), "Königliche Orden", p. 32
^ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
^ Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 469. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
^ Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish). 1905. p. 440. Retrieved 2018-01-06 – via runeberg.org.

German royalty
Preceded by Georg	Duke of Saxe-Altenburg 1853–1908	Succeeded by Ernst II

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[1] "Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg Dead". The New York Times. 24 October 1897.

[Staatshandbuch-2] Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Altenburg (1902), "Genealogie des Herzoglichen Hauses Sachsen-Altenburg" pp. 1-2

[3] Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1851), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 8 Archived 2020-07-06 at the Wayback Machine

[4] Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen: 1865/66. Heinrich. 1866. p. 4.

[5] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt (1867) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 17

[6] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch für des Herzogtum Anhalt (1883), "Herzoglicher Haus-Orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 15

[HofUndStaat-7] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1896), "Großherzogliches Haus", pp. 62, 76

[8] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1906), "Königliche Orden" p. 7

[9] Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Herzogtums Braunschweig für das Jahr 1897, "Herzogliche Orden Heinrich des Löwen" p. 10

[Hannover1865-10] Staat Hannover (1865). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865. Berenberg. p. 38.

[11] Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: für das Jahr 1872/73, "Der Großherzogliche Haus-und Verdienst Orden" p. 30

[12] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Württemberg (1873), "Königliche Orden", p. 32

[13] "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine

[14] Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 469. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.

[15] Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish). 1905. p. 440. Retrieved 2018-01-06 – via runeberg.org.

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Authority control databases
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National	Germany
People	Deutsche Biographie
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