Fitchburg, Massachusetts
City
Downtown Fitchburg seen from the south.
Flag Seal
Nickname(s):  City by the River, The Burg, The Dirty 'Burg (Derogatory, occasionally endearing)
Location in Worcester County and the state of Massachusetts.
Fitchburg, Massachusetts Location in the United States
Coordinates: 42°35′00″N 71°48′10″W / 42.58333°N 71.80278°W / 42.58333; -71.80278
Country	United States
State	Massachusetts
County	Worcester
Settled	1730
Incorporated (town)	1764
Incorporated (city)	1872
Government
• Type	Mayor–council
• City Council	City Council members[1] at large: Sally Cragin at large: Marcus DiNatale at large: Amy Green at large: Samantha Squailia at large: Anthony Zarrella (President) Ward 1: Bernard Schultz III Ward 2: Paul Beauchemin Ward 3: Andrew Couture Ward 4: Andrew Van Hazinga (Vice-President) Ward 5: Marisa Fleming Ward 6: Derrick Cruz
Area [2]
• Total	28.12 sq mi (72.82 km2)
• Land	27.82 sq mi (72.06 km2)
• Water	0.29 sq mi (0.76 km2)
Elevation	482 ft (143 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	41,946
• Density	1,507.55/sq mi (582.07/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (Eastern)
ZIP Code	01420
Area code	351/978
FIPS code	25-23875
GNIS feature ID	0617121
Website	www.fitchburgma.gov

Fitchburg is a city in northern Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The third-largest city in the county, its population was 41,946 at the 2020 census.^[3] Fitchburg State University is located here.

History

Fitchburg was first settled in by Europeans in 1730 as part of Lunenburg, and was officially set apart from that town and incorporated in 1764. The area was previously occupied by the Nipmuc tribe. It is named for John Fitch, one of the committee that procured the act of incorporation.^[4] In July 1748 Fitch and his family, living in this isolated spot, were abducted to Canada by Native Americans, but returned the next year.^[5]

Fitchburg is situated on both the Nashua River and a railroad line. The original Fitchburg Railroad ran through the Hoosac Tunnel, linking Boston and Albany, New York. The tunnel was built using the Burleigh Rock Drill, designed and built in Fitchburg. Fitchburg was a 19th-century industrial center. Originally operated by water power, large mills produced machines, tools, clothing, paper, and firearms. The city is noted for its architecture, particularly in the Victorian style, built at the height of its mill town prosperity. A few examples of these 19th century buildings are the Fay Club, the old North Worcester County Courthouse^[6] and the Bullock house.^[7]

In 1922, it was affected by the 1922 New England Textile Strike, shutting down the mills in the city over an attempted wage cut.^[8][9][10]

As the city is one of Worcester County's two shire towns, it has hosted the Northern Worcester County Registry of Deeds, established in 1903, and the county jail on Water Street.

In 1961, two films Return to Peyton Place and By Love Possessed filmed exterior street scenes, town squares and public buildings in Fitchburg.^[11]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 28.1 square miles (73 km²), of which 27.8 square miles (72 km²) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km²), or 1.07%, is water. The city is drained by the Nashua River. The highest point in Fitchburg is the summit of Brown Hill near the northwestern corner of the city, at 1,210 feet (370 m) above sea level.^[12]

Fitchburg is bordered by Ashby to the north, Lunenburg to the east, Leominster to the south, Westminster to the west, and a small portion of Ashburnham to the northwest.

Neighborhoods

Fitchburg is divided into multiple different neighborhoods/villages, including:

• Cleghorn^[13]
• Crockerville^[14]
• College Area^[13]
• Downtown Fitchburg^[13]
• East Side^[13]
• Green Acres Village^[13]
• North Fitchburg^[13]
• The Patch^[15]
• Prichard-Pleasant Street^[13]
• South Fitchburg^[13]
• Tar Hill^[16]
• Upper Common^[13]
• Waite's Corner^[13]
• West Fitchburg^[13]

Climate

Fitchburg's climate is humid continental, which is the predominant climate for Massachusetts and New England.^[17] Summers are typically warm, rainy, and humid, while winters are cold, windy, and snowy. Spring and fall are usually mild, but conditions vary widely and depend on wind direction and jet stream positioning. The warmest month is July, with an average high temperature of about 84 °F and an average low temperature of about 63 °F. The coldest month is January, with an average high temperature of about 35 °F and an average low temperature of about 17 °F.

Demographics

As of the census^[30] of 2010, there were 40,318 people, 15,165 households, and 9,362 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,450.3 inhabitants per square mile (560.0/km²). There were 17,117 housing units at an average density of 615.7 per square mile (237.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 78.2% White, 5.1% African American, 0.3% Native American, 3.6% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 9.1% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21.6% of the population (14.6% Puerto Rican, 1.8% Dominican, 1.6% Uruguayan, 1.4% Mexican, 0.3% Ecuadorian, 0.2% Colombian, 0.2% Honduran, 0.1% Guatemalan, 0.1% Salvadoran, 0.1% Spanish, 0.1% Peruvian).^[31] 76.9% spoke English, 15.1% Spanish, 4.2% Other Indo-European Language and 2.6% Asian and Pacific Islander Languages as their first language.

There were 15,165 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.3% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.3% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 14.1% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 24.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,019, and the median income for a family was $57,245. Males had a median income of $47,350 versus $37,921 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,972. About 14.6% of families and 19.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.3% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Throughout the early twentieth century, Fitchburg was known for its paper industry, which occupied the banks of the Nashua River and employed a large segment of the European immigrant population. It has been noted by many residents in Fitchburg that the Nashua River would be dyed the color the paper mills had been coloring the paper that day.^[32]

• Founded in 1939, the Wachusett Potato Chip Company purchased the former County Jail buildings and grounds in the 1940s and has operated as a manufacturing and distributing facility for snack products since that time. It was purchased by UTZ in 2011 and still makes chips for local distribution using the Wachusett name.^[33]
• Two truck manufacturing firms, the Wachusett Truck Company and the New England Truck Company, operated in Fitchburg during the early twentieth century.
• Simonds International, Saw manufacturer founded in Fitchburg in 1832 and still operating on Intervale Road.
• The Iver Johnson Arms and Cycle Works made motorcycles for a short time, in addition to their primary products, firearms and bicycles.
• Assumption Life, a large financial services company, was founded in Fitchburg in 1903 before moving to Moncton, New Brunswick.
• Long time businesses that continue to grace Main Street are Tikki Tikki and Duvarney Jewelers.
• New businesses that have opened on Main Street are Rise & Grind Coffee, Mamajuana Restaurant, Social Light Business Club, Curious Escape Rooms, Dario’s, Tacos Tequila, and Shining Starz Dance.
• When completed in June 2014 Great Wolf Lodge New England^[34] will have spent over 70 million dollars in renovations to former Holiday Inn/Coco Key Water Resort There will be over 400 new permanent jobs created from this project.

Fitchburg Central Steam Plant

The Fitchburg Central Steam Plant (locally known by its nickname: the PLT) was built in 1928 to provide steam and electricity to the many local paper mills. As the paper mills were abandoned or improved the Central Steam Plant fell into disuse and was abandoned. In 2008, the EPA designated the Central Steam Plant a brownfield site due to contamination of the site soil and groundwater with metals and inorganic contaminants. The EPA provided the City of Fitchburg $50,500 in grant money^[35] to help clean up hazardous substances on the site.

Cleanup^[36] of the Central Steam Plant started in 2010 and is ongoing as of July 2011. As of December 2015, the Fitchburg Central Steam Plant has been razed. The last structure to fall was its massive smokestack.

Arts and culture

The Fitchburg Art Museum was founded in 1925 and includes over 20,000 square feet (1,900 m²) of gallery and educational space which features a "cross barn" built in 1883, the Simond's building completed in 1989, and 12 galleries feature American, African, Egyptian, Greek, and Roman art.^[37]

The Rollstone Boulder is a 110-ton specimen of porphyritic granite located in a small triangular public park. The boulder was a feature of the summit of Rollstone Hill; it was exploded and reassembled on the green in 1929 and 1930.^[38]

The Fitchburg Historical Society houses more than 200,000 items related to the history of Fitchburg, including Sentinel newspapers from 1838 to 1976, city directories, photographs, scrapbooks, manuscripts, family genealogies, postcards, files on industries in the City, books and pamphlets on Fitchburg's history from the 1700s to the present, a Civil War collection, and a collection on the railroad.^[39]

The Fitchburg Public Library was established in 1859.^[40][41] In 1899, a child-specific library service began in one of the country's first children's rooms.^[42] Fitchburg Public Library became the first regional library in the Massachusetts Regional Library System in 1962.^[43] In 2008, the library had a budget of $1,111,412.^[44] In 2014, the Fitchburg Law Library opened.^[45]

Other cultural features include:

• Arthur J. DiTommaso Memorial Bridge
• Fitchburg Longsjo Classic (no longer active)^[46]
• The Finnish Center at Saima Park^[47]
• Wallace Civic Center of Fitchburg State University

Parks and recreation

• Coggshall Park — a 300-acre (120 ha) park established in 1894, which features wooded trails, access to Mirror Lake, a walking path, gazebo, stone house, playground, and disc golf course.^[48]
• Flat Rock Wild Life Sanctuary^[49] — a 326-acre (132 ha) wild life sanctuary.
• Fitchburg Abolitionist Park — created in 2017 by volunteers to honor the rich history of anti-slavery activism in the city, including its role in the Underground Railroad.^[50]
• West Fitchburg Steam Line Trail^[51] — a bike and walking path located in Fitchburg that is 0.6 acres (0.24 ha) long and runs along the Nashua River and Flag Brook in the Waites Corner neighborhood.
• Crocker Field — an athletic facility listed on the National Register of Historic Places.^[52]
• Coolidge Park — a multi-use park located off John Fitch Highway, containing 2 street hockey rinks, 4 baseball/softball fields, a swimming pool and walking path.^[53]
• Fitchburg Dog Park — a 1-acre fenced, off-leash dog park located off John Fitch Highway within Coolidge Park.^[54]

Government

• Mayor: Samantha M. Squailia ^[55]
• State Representative: Michael Kushmerek^[56]
• State Senator: John Cronin (D)^[57]
• Governor's Councilor: Paul DePalo (D)
• U.S. Representative: Lori Trahan (D-3rd District)
• U.S. Senators: Elizabeth Warren (D), Ed Markey (D)

Education

Elementary Schools

• Crocker Elementary School
• South Street Elementary School
• Reingold Elementary School

Middle School

• Memorial Middle School
• Longsjo Middle School

High School

• Fitchburg High School^[58]
• Goodrich Academy^[45]
• McKay Arts Academy^[59]
• Montachusett Regional Vocational Technical School, also called Monty Tech
• Sizer School

Private schools

• Applewild School
• Notre Dame Preparatory School
• St. Bernard's Elementary School^[60]
• St. Bernard's Central Catholic High School

St. Anthony of Padua School opened c. 1951 and closed in 2017. In its final year it had 144 students. Its closure meant that Fitchburg now has only one remaining Roman Catholic grade school.^[61]

Colleges and universities

• Fitchburg State University

Established in 1894 by an act of the Massachusetts Legislature, the State Normal School in Fitchburg opened in temporary quarters in the old high school building on Academy Street.^[62]

Media

Newspapers

• Raivaaja
• Sentinel & Enterprise

Television

• Fitchburg has its own access TV station, Fitchburg Access Television.^[63] The station covers various local events, ranging from local school sports to municipal government meetings. FATV operates three Public, Education, and Government (PEG) channels. FATV channels can be viewed on Comcast (channels 8, 9, & 99) and on Verizon (channels 35, 36, & 37). FATV is not available on satellite TV.

Radio

• WPKZ, AM-1280 FM-105.3 Originally licensed in 1941
• WXPL, FM-91.3 Fitchburg State Radio
• WXLO, FM-104.5
• WQPH, FM-89.3 (Queen of Perpetual Help) Shirley/Fitchburg an EWTN Catholic Radio affiliate

Infrastructure

Fire department

The Fitchburg Fire Department employs 81 firefighters, operating out of three stations. It responds to approximately 12,000 emergency calls annually.^[64][65] Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Fitchburg,_Massachusetts
Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.