Harris County
County
Downtown Houston, Harris County Courthouse
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 29°52′N 95°23′W / 29.86°N 95.39°W / 29.86; -95.39
Country	United States
State	Texas
Founded	1836
Named for	John Richardson Harris
Seat	Houston
Largest city	Houston
Area
• Total	1,778 sq mi (4,600 km2)
• Land	1,703 sq mi (4,410 km2)
• Water	74 sq mi (190 km2)  4.2%
Population  (2020)
• Total	4,731,145
• Estimate  (2022)	4,780,913
• Density	2,700/sq mi (1,000/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional districts	2nd, 7th, 8th, 9th, 18th, 22nd, 29th, 36th, 38th
Website	www.co.harris.tx.us

Harris County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas; as of the 2020 census, the population was 4,731,145,^[1] making it the most populous county in Texas and the third-most populous county in the United States. Its county seat is Houston, the most populous city in Texas and fourth-most populous city in the United States. The county was founded in 1836 and organized in 1837.^[2][3] It is named for John Richardson Harris, who founded the town of Harrisburg on Buffalo Bayou in 1826.^[2] According to the July 2022 census estimate, Harris County's population has shifted to 4,780,913 comprising over 16% of Texas's population.^[4][5] Harris County is included in the nine-county Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area, which is the fifth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States.

History

Human remains date habitation to about 4000 BC. Other evidence of humans in the area dates from about 1400 BC, 1 AD, and later in the first millennium. The region became uninhabited from 1 AD to European contact. Little European activity predates 1821. Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca may have visited the area in 1529. French traders recorded passing through in the 18th century. Spaniards attempted to establish a fort in the area around the same time, but did not persist for long.^[2]

The first recorded European settlers in Harris County arrived in 1822. Their schooner sailed into Galveston Bay and ran aground on the Red Fish Bar. Some of those passengers traveled further up the bay system, but it is not known whether they settled up Buffalo Bayou or the San Jacinto River. One of these passengers, a Mr. Ryder, settled at what is now known as Morgan's Point, Texas. Also in 1822, John Iiams settled his family at Cedar Point after sailing from Berwick's Bay, Louisiana. Dr. Johnson Hunter arrived just after Iiams. He also wrecked his boat near Galveston. He settled at Morgan's Point and was a grantee of land there. Nathaniel Lynch settled in the area and operated a ferry.^[6]

In 1824, the land empresario, Stephen F. Austin convened at the house of William Scott for the purpose of conveying titles for Mexican headrights. He was joined by the land commissioner, Baron von Bastrop, and Austin's secretary, Samuel May Williams. About thirty families gained legal titles to land in what would later be known as Harris County. A few immigrants settled on Buffalo Bayou in these early years, including Moses Callahan, Ezekial Thomas, and the Vince brothers.^[6]

Nicolas Clopper arrived in the Galveston Bay area from Ohio in the 1820s. He attempted to develop Buffalo Bayou as a trading conduit for the Brazos River valley. He acquired land at Morgan's Point in 1826.^[7] John Richardson Harris (1790–1829), for whom the county was later named, arrived in 1824. Harris had moved his family to Sainte Genevieve, Missouri Territory, where they had been residing until the early 1820s.^[8]

Harris was granted a league of land (about 4,428 acres) at Buffalo Bayou. He platted the town of Harrisburg in 1826, while he established a trading post and a grist mill there. He ran boats transporting goods between New Orleans and Harrisburg until his death in the fall of 1829.^[9]

The First Congress of the Republic of Texas established Harrisburg County on December 22, 1836. The original county boundaries included Galveston Island, but were redrawn to its current configuration in May 1838.^[2]

The area has had a number of severe weather events, such as the following hurricanes and tropical storms:

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,777 square miles (4,600 km²), of which 1,703 square miles (4,410 km²) is land and 74 square miles (190 km²) (4.2%) is covered by water.^[10] Both its total area and land area are larger than the U.S. state of Rhode Island.

Adjacent counties

• Montgomery (north)
• Liberty (northeast)
• Chambers (east)
• Galveston (southeast)
• Brazoria (south)
• Fort Bend (southwest)
• Waller (northwest)

Communities

Cities

Multiple counties

• Baytown (partly in Chambers County)
• Friendswood (mostly in Galveston County)
• Houston (county seat and largest municipality) (small parts in Fort Bend and Montgomery counties)
• Katy (partly in Fort Bend, Harris, and Waller counties)
• League City (mostly in Galveston County)
• Missouri City (mostly in Fort Bend County)
• Pearland (mostly in Brazoria County and a small part in Fort Bend County)
• Seabrook (some water surface in Chambers County)
• Stafford (mostly in Fort Bend County)
• Waller (partly in Waller County)

Harris County only

Unincorporated areas

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1850	4,668		—
1860	9,070		94.3%
1870	17,375		91.6%
1880	27,985		61.1%
1890	37,249		33.1%
1900	63,786		71.2%
1910	115,693		81.4%
1920	186,667		61.3%
1930	359,328		92.5%
1940	528,961		47.2%
1950	806,701		52.5%
1960	1,243,158		54.1%
1970	1,741,912		40.1%
1980	2,409,547		38.3%
1990	2,818,199		17.0%
2000	3,400,578		20.7%
2010	4,092,459		20.3%
2020	4,731,145		15.6%
2023 (est.)	4,835,125	[11]	2.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[12][failed verification] 1850–2010[13] 2010–2020[1]

Harris County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.

Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2010[14]	Pop 2020[15]	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	1,349,646	1,309,593	32.98%	27.68%
Black or African American alone (NH)	754,258	885,517	18.43%	18.72%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	8,150	8,432	0.20%	0.18%
Asian alone (NH)	249,853	344,762	6.11%	7.29%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	2,260	3,199	0.06%	0.07%
Some Other Race alone (NH)	7,914	23,262	0.19%	0.49%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH)	48,838	121,671	1.19%	2.57%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	1,671,540	2,034,709	40.84%	43.01%
Total	4,092,459	4,731,145	100.00%	100.00%

According to the 2000 U.S. census,^[16] 3,400,578 people, 1,205,516 households, and 834,217 families resided in the county; in 2010, the population increased to 4,092,459; by the 2020 U.S. census, Harris County had a population of 4,731,145.^[15] Overall, Harris County's population has recorded positive growth since the 1850 U.S. census tabulated-population of 4,668.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Harris_County,_Texas
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