International Motorsports Hall of Fame - Biblioteka.sk

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International Motorsports Hall of Fame
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Exterior of the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in cloudy weather conditions
The exterior of the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in Talladega, Alabama

The International Motorsports Hall of Fame (IMHOF) is a hall of fame located adjacent to the 2.66 mi (4.28 km) Talladega Superspeedway (formerly Alabama International Motor Speedway) located in Talladega County, east central Alabama.[1][2] It enshrines those who have contributed the most to motorsports either as a developer, driver, engineer, or owner.[3][4]

History

20th century

The IMHOF was established in early 1970 following NASCAR founder Bill France Sr.'s decision to hire short track racing promoter Don Naman to build a museum and hall of fame in order "to preserve the history of motorsports and to enshrine forever the people who have been responsible for its growth."[2] George Wallace, the Governor of Alabama, formed an 18-member observer commission in 1975 to choose a site and select a design.[1][5] Following the failure to pass a state-wide referendum on a state bond finance distribution to build the IMHOF,[5] France donated 35 acres (14 ha) of land from former race car driver Johnny Ray's family.[6][7] France opted to build the IMHOF in Alabama rather than in his hometown of Daytona Beach, Florida because Floridian politicians threatened to levy a tax on Daytona International Speedway.[8][9]

Construction was undertaken with private and federal funding released with new Alabama governor Fob James' approval.[10][11] The first phase of construction consisted of the building of three of the first six planned buildings on the IMHOF.[12] A groundbreaking ceremony occurred at the site on the afternoon of March 26, 1981, with approximately 100 individuals such as Wallace, Bill France Sr., and Bill France Jr. present.[4][13] The first half was opened on April 28, 1983,[8][9] and the second half on July 28, 1990.[14] Track owners International Speedway Corporation (ISC) rented office space from Alabama to run the IMHOF.[7] It has a museum containing racing vehicles,[1] banner, helmet, medals, posters and trophy displays,[2] the ISC offices, and ancillary spaces.[1][3] The Alabama Sports Writers Hall of Fame; the Automobile Racing Club of America Hall of National Champions; the International Motorsports Hall of Fame; the Quarter Midgets of America Hall of Fame; the Western Auto Mechanics Hall of Fame; and the World Karting Hall of Fame are the six halls of fame on-site.[1] The McCaig-Wellborn International Motorsports Research Library is also contained in the IMHOF.[2][3]

Naman had been appointed IMHOF director in 1988, and he began setting out his objective to establish a working hall of fame.[15] The first induction ceremony was broadcast live on The Nashville Network, and was hosted by country music record artist and car sponsor T. G. Sheppard at the Birmingham–Jefferson Civic Center Theater, in Birmingham, Alabama, on the evening of July 25, 1990.[14] Induction ceremonies were held on the Wednesday evening prior to the Winston 500 in October at Talladega before being moved to December for both 1993 and 1994.[16] After the Speedvision Dome was opened in 1996, all subsequent induction ceremonies took place there,[3] four days prior to the Winston Select 500 at Talladega in late April.[2][17]

Individuals were nominated and voted on by a panel of between 120 and 153 international motorsport writers as well as IMHOF inductees,[18][19] who selected one or two new members or "old timers" (living inductees) from the nominations list.[2] The nominations list was formed by candidate names sent by panel members, and 20 finalists were chosen, from which all panel members cast preference votes.[20] Until 1996, 10 or more motorsports individuals were inducted annually, before no more than 10 nominees qualified for the final ballot, and a limit of six inductees for every subsequent year was imposed.[17] All nominees had to be retired from participating in their respective categories for at least half a decade;[1][21] they could be active elsewhere in their respective series in a different capacity.[22] Some active racers could be inducted if they were over the age limit of 61.[23] Individuals had to wait 15 years before become eligible for induction, with a 51 percent vote share required for induction.[24] Unlike other sports halls of fame, waivers were not granted to major racing figures to enable their induction before the five-year waiting period had elapsed.[25]

21st century

A total of 145 individuals were inducted during the period the hall of fame was active in most years from 1990 to 2013.[26] The 20 inaugural members, Buck Baker, Jack Brabham, Malcolm Campbell, Jim Clark, Mark Donohue, Juan Manuel Fangio, France Sr., Graham Hill, Tony Hulman, Junior Johnson, Parnelli Jones, Stirling Moss, Barney Oldfield, Lee Petty, Fireball Roberts, Jackie Stewart, Mickey Thompson, Bobby Unser, and Smokey Yunick, were inducted in 1990.[14] There were three women who were added to the hall of fame.[26] In 1999, Louise Smith, a NASCAR driver during the 1940s and 1950s, became the first woman to be inducted into the hall of fame;[27] the two other female inductees were multiple NHRA Top Fuel dragster champion Shirley Muldowney in 2004,[28] and Janet Guthrie, who was inducted two years later.[29] Wendell Scott, the first African American driver to win a NASCAR Cup Series event in December 1963, was the first African American to be inducted into the hall of fame in 1999.[30] No one was added in each of 1995 and 2010 and nobody has been inducted since 2014.[a][26]

Inductees

Key
Indicates posthumous induction
Black and white photograph of an helmeted Juan Manuel Fangio
Juan Manuel Fangio, inducted in 1990
Black and white photograph of Graham Hill
Graham Hill, inducted in 1990
Ned Jarrett in broadcasting overalls and holding a microphone in his right hand
Ned Jarrett, inducted in 1991
Black and white photograph of Alberto Ascari wearing racing uniforms and sitting in an open-wheel car
Alberto Ascari, inducted in 1992
Black and white photographic portrait of Henry Ford in formal uniform and looking to the right
Henry Ford, inducted in 1993
Black and white photograph of Colin Chapman in formal uniform and speaking to a man on his left
Colin Chapman, inducted in 1994
John Surtees wearing a suit at a function in 2011
John Surtees, inducted in 1996
Richard Petty sporting a black cowboy hat and black sunglasses and a black suit inside a building
Richard Petty, inducted in 1997
Photographic portrait of Ayrton Senna predominately showing the right side of his face with his left hand on the left hand side of his face and he is wearing a T-shirt
Ayrton Senna, inducted in 2000
Alan Kulwick wearing black sunglasses over his eyes and a white T-shirt with a car company's logo on its left
Alan Kulwicki, inducted in 2002
Shirley Muldowney wearing eye glasses and signing autographs for fans on a black table
Shirley Muldowney, inducted in 2004
Dale Earnhardt wearing a black baseball cap with a military logo and a red shirt with the top button undone
Dale Earnhardt, inducted in 2006
Wayne Rainey wearing motorcycle overalls and a crash helmet riding a red and white sponsored motorcycle on a race circuit in 1992
Wayne Rainey, inducted in 2007
Donnie Allison wearing an unbuttoned T-shirt and holding a green flag with writing in his right hand
Donnie Allison, inducted in 2009
Richard Childress wearing a shirt with the first button undone and a black full-zip fleece
Richard Childress, inducted in 2012
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=International_Motorsports_Hall_of_Fame
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Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok.
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Inductees of the International Motorsports Hall of Fame[26]
Nationality Inductee Occupation Year Refs
 United States Buck Baker Stock car driver 1990 [31][32]

[33]

 Australia Jack Brabham Open-wheel driver 1990
 United Kingdom Malcolm Campbell Open-wheel driver 1990
 United Kingdom Jim Clark Open-wheel driver 1990
 United States Mark Donohue Open-wheel driver 1990
 Argentina Juan Manuel Fangio Open-wheel driver 1990
 United States Bill France Sr. Series executive 1990
 United States Dan Gurney Race car driver 1990
 United Kingdom Graham Hill Race car driver 1990
 United States Tony Hulman Track executive 1990
 United States Junior Johnson Stock car driver 1990
 United States Parnelli Jones Open-wheel driver 1990
 United Kingdom Stirling Moss Race car driver 1990
 United States Barney Oldfield Open-wheel driver 1990
 United States Lee Petty Stock car driver 1990
 United States Fireball Roberts Stock car driver 1990
 United Kingdom Jackie Stewart Open-wheel driver 1990
 United States Mickey Thompson Vehicle builder 1990
 United States Bobby Unser Open-wheel driver 1990
 United States Smokey Yunick Car engineer 1990
 United States Tony Bettenhausen Open-wheel driver 1991 [34]

[19]

 United States Ralph DePalma Open-wheel driver 1991
 United States Tim Flock Stock car driver 1991 [35][36]
 United States Phil Hill Open-wheel driver 1991 [34][19]
 United States Ned Jarrett Open-wheel driver/Broadcaster 1991 [35]

[36]

 United States Fred Lorenzen Stock car driver 1991
 New Zealand Bruce McLaren Car builder/Race car driver 1991 [34]

[19]

 United States Wilbur Shaw Open-wheel driver 1991
 United States Carroll Shelby Vehicle builder 1991
 United States Bill Vukovich Open-wheel driver 1991
 Italy Alberto Ascari Open-wheel driver 1992 [37]

[38]

 United States Louis Chevrolet Car builder/Open-wheel driver 1992
 United States Andy Granatelli Motorsports contributor 1992
 United States Peter Gregg Sports car driver 1992
 United States Louis Meyer Open-wheel driver 1992
 United States Wally Parks Motorsports contributor 1992
 United States Eddie Rickenbacker Motorsports contributor 1992
 United States Kenny Roberts Motorcyclist 1992
 United States Curtis Turner Stock car driver 1992
 United States Rodger Ward Open-wheel driver 1992
 United States Bobby Allison Stock car driver 1993 [39]

[40]

 United States George Bignotti Car mechanic 1993
 United States Henry Ford Car builder 1993
 United States Al Holbert Sports car driver 1993 [41]
 Austria Niki Lauda Open-wheel driver 1993 [39]

[40]

 United States Rex Mays Open-wheel driver 1993
 United States David Pearson Stock car driver 1993
 United States Cale Yarborough Stock car driver 1993
 United Kingdom Colin Chapman Car builder 1994 [42]
 Italy Enzo Ferrari Car builder 1994
 United States Tiny Lund Stock car driver 1994
 United States John Marcum Motorsports contributor 1994 [43]
 United States Ralph Moody Stock car driver/Car owner 1994 [42]
 United States Benny Parsons Stock car driver 1994 [44]
 United States Mauri Rose Open-wheel racer 1994 [42]
 United States Herb Thomas Stock car driver 1994
 United States Joe Weatherly Stock car driver 1994
 United States Richie Evans Stock car driver 1996 [45]
 United Kingdom Donald Healey Car builder 1996 [46]

[47]

 United States Bobby Isaac Stock car driver 1996
 Germany Ferdinand Porsche Car builder 1996
 United States Johnny Rutherford Open-wheel driver 1996 [48]
 United Kingdom John Surtees Open-wheel driver/Motorcyclist 1996 [46][47]
 United States Buddy Baker Stock car driver 1997 [49]

[50]

 United States Ralph Earnhardt Stock car driver 1997
 United States Don Garlits Dragster/Automotive engineer 1997
 United States Jim Hall Driver/Car owner 1997
 United States Rick Mears Open-wheel driver 1997
 United States Richard Petty Stock car driver 1997
 United States Davey Allison Stock car driver