2009 Iranian presidential election

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Turnout	85.22%
Nominee Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Mir-Hossein Mousavi Alliance ABII CCRF Popular vote 24,592,793 13,338,121 Percentage 63.14% 34.24%
Most voted-for candidate by district
President before election Mahmoud Ahmadinejad ABII Elected President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad ABII

Presidential elections were held in Iran on 12 June 2009,^[1][2] with incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad running against three challengers. The next morning the Islamic Republic News Agency, Iran's news agency, announced that with two-thirds of the votes counted, Ahmadinejad had won the election with 62% of the votes cast,^[3] and that Mir-Hossein Mousavi had received 34% of the votes cast.^[4][5] There were large irregularities in the results and people were surprised by them, which resulted in protests of millions of Iranians, across every Iranian city and around the world and the emergence of the opposition Iranian Green Movement.^{[6][failed verification]}

Many Iranian figures directly supported the protests and declared the votes were fraudulent. Among them, many film directors like Jafar Panahi^[7] (who was consequently banned from making movies for 20 years and condemned to six years imprisonment),^[8][9] Mohammad Rasoulof (also condemned to 6 years imprisonment),^[10] actors and actresses like Pegah Ahangarani (who was consequently imprisoned),^[11] Ramin Parchami (who was consequently condemned to one year imprisonment),^[12] sportsmen like the whole Iran national football team who wore green wristbands in their game against South Korea to support the movement,^[13][14] scholars like Mostafa Tajzadeh, Mohsen Aminzadeh, Akbar Ganji, Mohsen Sazegara, many religious figures like Mohsen Kadivar, Grand Ayatollah Yousef Saanei, Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Mohammad Dastgheib Shirazi, traditional singers like Mohammad Reza Shajarian, defected Basij and Iranian Revolutionary Guards like Amir Farshad Ebrahimi and those who confessed with covered faces.^[15][16]

The European Union and several western countries expressed concern over alleged irregularities during the vote,^[17] and many analysts and journalists from the United States and United Kingdom news media voiced doubts about the authenticity of the results.^[18][19][20]

Mousavi issued a statement accusing the Interior Ministry, which was responsible for conducting the election, of widespread election fraud and urged his supporters to engage in peaceful protests. He also lodged an official appeal with the Guardian Council for new and more transparent elections. Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei urged the nation to unite behind Ahmadinejad, labeling his victory as a "divine assessment".^[21] Khamenei then announced there would be an investigation into vote-rigging claims.^[22]

On 16 June, the Guardian Council announced it would recount 10% of the votes and concluded there were no irregularities at all, dismissing all election complaints.^[23][24] However, Mousavi stated that a recount would not be sufficient since he claimed 14 million unused ballots were missing, giving the Interior Ministry an opportunity to manipulate the results.^[25] On 19 June, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei denounced the pro-Mousavi demonstrations as illegal,^[26] and protests the next day were met with stiff resistance from government forces, with many reported deaths.^[27]

The Green Movement of Iran continued its peaceful protests until 14 February 2011 and radicalized itself demanding a total regime change and departure of Khamenei from power.^[28]

Background

Ahmadinejad became President of Iran after the 2005 election. The losing candidates at that time claimed irregularities at the polls, but the charges were not investigated.^[21] A formal protest to the Guardian Council was made and the group dismissed it without comment.^[29] His victory had surprised most observers of the campaign.^[30] At that time the reformist camp had mostly either boycotted elections entirely or held back out of disillusionment with past lack of progress.^[31] The voting for the 2009 election was scheduled for 12 June 2009 and ended up being extended until midnight that day because the turnout was unexpectedly high.^[32] Voting ended up proceeding four hours longer than originally scheduled.^[33]

The President is elected by direct vote, however candidates for the presidency must be approved by the 12-member Council of Guardians. Candidates need to win a majority (more than half) to become President. Iran has a two-round system: if none of the candidates wins the majority in the first round, the top two candidates will go to a run-off. The first round was held on 12 June 2009; the run-off would have been held one week later, on 19 June 2009.^[34] All Iranian citizens of age 18 and up are eligible to vote. Both the Iranian Center for Statistics and the Iranian Ministry of the Interior stated that there were around 46.2 million eligible voters.^[35]

Candidates

Politics of Iran
Government of Islamic Republic of Iran
Leadership Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist Assembly of Experts Chairman: Mohammad-Ali Movahedi Kermani
Executive President (list) Mohammad Mokhber (acting) First Vice President (list) Mohammad Mokhber Supervisor of Presidential Administration Gholam-Hossein Esmaeili Cabinet Government of Raisi
Legislative Islamic Consultative Assembly Speaker: Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf Supreme Audit Court Guardian Council Chairman: Ahmad Jannati
Judicial Chief Justice Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Ezhe'i Attorney General Mohammad Movahedi-Azad Supreme Court Islamic Revolutionary Court Special Clerical Court General Inspection Office High Council for Human rights Ministry of Justice
Supreme Councils Supreme National Security Council Secretary: Ali Akbar Ahmadian Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution Expediency Discernment Council Chairman: Sadeq Larijani
Local governments Municipality Secretary of state City Council
Elections Election Office Guardian Council Recent and future elections Presidential: 2021 2024 Legislative: 2020 2024 Experts: 2016 2024 Local: 2021 2025
Political parties and factions Inside government Reformists Principlists Outside government Monarchism Liberalism Nationalism Pan-Iranism Socialism
Intellectual backdrop Anti-capitalism Hossein Borujerdi Ahmad Fardid Islamic Government Ruhollah Khomeini Propaganda in Iran Ali Shariati Sayyid Qutb
Foreign relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Minister: Ali Bagheri (acting) Diplomatic missions of / in Iran Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Nationality law Passport Visa requirements Visa policy
Related topics Taxation in Iran Armed forces of Iran
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On 20 May 2009, the Guardian Council officially announced a list of approved candidates, while rejecting a number of registered nominees.^[36] Only four candidates were approved by the Guardian Council, out of the 476 men and women who had applied to seek the presidency of Iran in the 2009 election.^[37]

Approved candidates

Conservatives^{[citation needed]}

• Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, incumbent
• Mohsen Rezaee, former Commander of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard and current secretary of the Expediency Council. Supported by the Islamic Society of Engineers

Reformists^{[citation needed]}

• Mehdi Karroubi, former Speaker of the Majlis
• Mir-Hossein Mousavi, the last Prime Minister of Iran (Campaign)

• 
  Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
• 
  Mir-Hossein Mousavi
• 
  Mohsen Rezaee
• Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Iranian_Presidential_Election,_2009
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