Kwitra

Kwitra
	Kwitra
String instrument
Other names	Kouitra, quitra, quwytara
Classification	String instrument
Hornbostel–Sachs classification	; (Composite chordophone)
Related instruments
	Oud, mandolin, mandolute

The kwitra (also quwaytara, kouitra and quitra); Arabic الكوترة or عود أندلسي (literally Andalusian oud); is an Algerian stringed instrument, sometimes referred to as the Algerian lute.^[1]^[2] The instrument is tied to Andalusian musical traditions of Moorish people who were pushed out of the Iberian peninsula in the 15th century.^[2] That tradition has shrunk further; where the kwitra was once seen in Algeria, today it is mainly an Algerian instrument.^[2]

The literal meaning of kwitra in Algerian Arabic (and possibly in the extinct Andalusian Arabic) is "small guitar". It is a regional instrument in the lute family of instruments, related to Italian chitarra.^[3]

It has eight strings in four courses. It is tuned G3 G3, E4 E4, A3 A3, D4 D4.^[4] The traditional strings are made of animal intestines. They usually have a carved soundhole in the shape of a bowl or vase.

Historically prominent musicians

Sfinja^[5]
Mouzino^[5]
Ben Teffahi^[5]
Ahmed Essabti^[5]
Mohammed Bahar (recordings exist)^[5]
Philippe Lourenço^[5]
Faten Sioud^[5]
Ahmed Echaytan^[5]

References

^ Simon, Broughton & Mark, Ellingham. (2006). The Rough Guide to World Music: Africa & Middle East. Rough Guides. p. 254.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Quwaytara, late 19th century, Moroccan". Metropolitan Museum of Art.
^ "ATLAS of Plucked Instruments – Africa". Retrieved 10 March 2012.
^ Sadie, Stanley, ed. (1984). "Quwaytara". The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments. p. 176. Volume 3. ... four pairs of strings ... typical Moroccan timing is G-e-A-d ...
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Azzouz El Houri (11 February 2006). "La famille du Oud". Retrieved 10 March 2012.

External links

Media related to Kwitra at Wikimedia Commons

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[1] Simon, Broughton & Mark, Ellingham. (2006). The Rough Guide to World Music: Africa & Middle East. Rough Guides. p. 254.

[met-2] "Quwaytara, late 19th century, Moroccan". Metropolitan Museum of Art.

[atlas-3] "ATLAS of Plucked Instruments – Africa". Retrieved 10 March 2012.

[grovevihuela-4] Sadie, Stanley, ed. (1984). "Quwaytara". The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments. p. 176. Volume 3. ... four pairs of strings ... typical Moroccan timing is G-e-A-d ...

[famille-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Azzouz El Houri (11 February 2006). "La famille du Oud". Retrieved 10 March 2012.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

Historically prominent musicians

See also

References

External links