The following is a list of compression formats and related codecs.

Audio compression formats

Non-compression

• Linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM, generally only described as PCM) is the format for uncompressed audio in media files and it is also the standard for CD-DA; note that in computers, LPCM is usually stored in container formats such as WAV, AIFF, or AU, or as raw audio format, although not technically necessary.
  • FFmpeg
• Pulse-density modulation (PDM)
  • Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is standard for Super Audio CD
    • foobar2000 Super Audio CD Decoder (based on MPEG-4 DST reference decoder)
    • FFmpeg (based on dsd2pcm)
• Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)

Lossless compression

• Actively used
  • Most popular
    • Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)^[1]
      • libFLAC
      • FFmpeg
    • Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC)
      • Apple QuickTime
      • libalac
      • FFmpeg
      • Apple Music^[2]
    • Monkey's Audio (APE)
      • Monkey's Audio SDK
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • OptimFROG (OFR)
    • Tom's verlustfreier Audiokompressor (TAK)
      • TAK SDK
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • WavPack (WV)
      • libwavpack
      • FFmpeg
    • True Audio (TTA)
      • libtta
      • FFmpeg
    • Windows Media Audio Lossless (WMAL)
      • Windows Media Encoder
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Other
    • DTS-HD Master Audio, also known as DTS++ and DCA XLL
      • libdca (decoder only)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • Dolby TrueHD – Standard for DVD-Audio in Blu-ray (mathematically based on MLP)
      • FFmpeg
    • Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP), also known as Packed PCM (PPCM) – Standard for DVD-Audio in DVD
      • FFmpeg
    • MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 ALS)
      • SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
    • MPEG-4 Scalable Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 SLS) – Parts of it are used in HD-AAC.
      • SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
    • RealAudio Lossless
      • RealPlayer
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
    • BFDLAC (BFD Lossless Audio Compression).^[3] Ongoing development.
      • FXpansion's BFD3 drum software. (2013-2017)
    • L2HC - Huawei
      • Huawei Music
      • NearLink
      • Huawei FreeBuds^[4]
  • Oddball
    • ATRAC Advanced Lossless (AAL) – Extremely unpopular
      • FFmpeg (lossy decoder only)
    • Direct Stream Transfer (DST) - Only used for Direct Stream Digital
      • SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • Original Sound Quality (OSQ) - Only used in WaveLab
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
• Discontinued
  • Lossless Audio (LA)^[5] – No update for 10+ years
  • Shorten (SHN)^[6] – Officially discontinued.
    • libshn
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)
  • Lossless Predictive Audio Compression (LPAC) – Predecessor of MPEG-4 ALS
  • Lossless Transform Audio Compression (LTAC) – Predecessor of LPAC
  • MPEG-1 Audio Layer III HD (mp3HD) – Officially discontinued
  • RK Audio (RKAU)^[7] – Officially discontinued
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)

Lossy compression

• Discrete cosine transform (DCT)
  • Modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT, used in most of the audio codecs listed below)

General/Speech hybrid

• Unified Speech and Audio Coding (USAC, MPEG-D Part 3, ISO/IEC 23003-3)
  • exhale (encoder only; open source)
• IETF standards:
  • Opus (RFC 6716) – based on SILK vocoder and CELT codec
    • libopus
    • FFmpeg (decoding and experimental encoding)
• IETF Internet Draft
  • IPMR Speech Codec^[8] - used in Spirit DSP's TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine^[9]

Neural audio codecs

• Lyra (codec) - used in Google Duo
• Lyra V2 - based on SoundStream neural codec
• Satin (used by Microsoft Teams)
• Facebook EnCodec

General

• Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPCM, also called adaptive delta pulse-code modulation)
• Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC, used in MiniDisc devices)
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• ATSC/ETSI standards:
  • Dolby Digital (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
    • FFmpeg
    • liba52 (decoder only)
  • Dolby Digital Plus (E-AC-3, ATSC A/52:2012 Annex E, ETSI TS 102 366 Annex E)
    • FFmpeg
  • DTS Coherent Acoustics (DTS, Digital Theatre System Coherent Acoustics, ETSI TS 102 114)
    • FFmpeg
    • libdca (decoder only)
  • Dolby AC-4 (ETSI TS 103 190)
• Impala Blackbird audio codec
• ITU standards:
  • G.719
  • G.722
    • FFmpeg
  • G.722.1 (subset of Siren7) and G.722.1 Annex C (subset of Siren14)
    • libg722_1
    • libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
  • G.722.2
    • 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[10]
    • opencore-amr (decoder)
    • VisualOn AMR-WB encoder
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)
  • EVS
• MPEG-1 Audio and MPEG-2 Audio
  • layer I (MP1) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • layer II (MP2) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
    • FFmpeg
    • tooLame (encoding only)
    • twoLame (encoding only)
  • layer III (MP3) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)
    • LAME (encoding only)
  • Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) (MPEG-2 Part 7)
    • FAAC (encoder) and FAAD (decoder)
    • FFmpeg
    • iTunes
    • Nero AAC Codec
    • VisualOn AAC Encoder (a.k.a. libvo_aacenc)
    • Fraunhofer FDK AAC
    • libaacplus
• MPEG-4 Audio
  • Advanced Audio Coding (AAC, MPEG-4 Part 3 subpart 4), HE-AAC and AAC-LD
    • FAAC, FAAD2
    • FFmpeg
    • iTunes
    • Nero AAC Codec
    • MPEG-4 AAC reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
  • Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise (HILN, MPEG-4 Parametric Audio Coding)
    • MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
  • TwinVQ
    • MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)
  • BSAC (Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding)
    • MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
• MPEG-H
  • MPEG-H 3D Audio
• Musepack (a.k.a. MPEGplus)
  • Musepack SV8 Tools
  • FFmpeg (decoding only)
• NICAM
• AT&T Perceptual Audio Coder
• Precision Adaptive Subband Coding (PASC; a variant of MP1; used in Digital Compact Cassette)
• QDesign (purchased by DTS)
  • QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)
• PictureTel (purchased by Polycom)
  • Siren 7
    • libg722_1
    • libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Siren 14
    • libg722_1
    • vgmstream (decoder only)
  • Siren 22
• NTT TwinVQ
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • NTT TwinVQ Encoder, NTT TwinVQ Player
• Voxware MetaSound (a variant of NTT TwinVQ)
  • Windows Media Player (voxmsdec.ax)
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Vorbis
  • aoTuV
  • FFmpeg
  • libvorbis
  • Tremor (decoder only)
• Windows Media Audio (WMA)
  • Windows Media Encoder
  • FFmpeg

AES3

• SMPTE 302M
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Dolby E
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)

Bluetooth

• Bluetooth Special Interest Group
  • Low Complexity Subband Coding (SBC)
    • BlueZ's SBC library (libsbc)
    • Fluoride Bluetooth stack (successor of BlueDroid)
    • FFmpeg
  • CVSD 8 kHz - used in Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
  • modified SBC (mSBC) - used in Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
    • BlueZ's SBC library (libsbc)^[11]
    • Fluoride Bluetooth stack
    • FFmpeg
  • SBC XQ
    • PulseAudio's bluetooth stack^[12] (encoder only)
    • PipeWire's bluetooth stack^[13] (encoder only)
  • LC3 (Low Complexity Communication Codec)
    • Google's liblc3 (open source) - used in Android 13 and later
• ETSI
  • LC3plus (ETSI TS 103 634)
    • Google's liblc3 (open source)
• Qualcomm Technologies International (formerly CSR)
  • aptX (a.k.a. apt-X)
    • Qualcomm libaptX^[14]
    • FFmpeg
  • aptX HD
    • Qualcomm libaptXHD^[14]
    • FFmpeg
  • aptX Low Latency
  • aptX Adaptive
  • FastStream - a variant of SBC codec for bi-directional audio transmission
• Sony
  • LDAC
    • libldac (encoder only)^[15] - used in Android Oreo
    • libldacdec (decoder only)
• HWA Alliance/Savitech
  • LHDC^[16]
    • HWA encoder/decoder
  • LLAC^[17]
    • HWA encoder/decoder
• HiBy
  • Ultra Audio Transmission (UAT)
• Samsung
  • Samsung HD/UHQ-BT codec
  • Samsung Scalable codec
  • Samsung Seamless codec
• MQA
  • MQair

Digital radio

• Hybrid Digital Coding - used in HD Radio (a.k.a. NRSC-5)
  • NRSC-5 receiver for rtl-sdr (decoder only)

Voice

(low bit rate, optimized for speech)

• Linear predictive coding (LPC, used in most of the speech codecs listed below)
  • Code-excited linear prediction (CELP)
    • Algebraic code-excited linear prediction (ACELP)
• Xiph.Org Foundation
  • Speex, patent free^[18]
    • libspeex
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Dialogic ADPCM (VOX)
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• ITU standards:
  • G.711 (a-law and μ-law companding; 64 kbit/s), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
    • Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[19]
    • FFmpeg (libavcodec)
  • G.711.0 (G.711 LLC)
  • G.711.1 (Wideband extension for G.711; 64/80/96 kbit/s)
  • G.711.1D (Super-wideband extension for G.711.1; 96/112/128 kbit/s)
  • G.718 (8/12/16/24/32 kbit/s)
  • G.718B (Super-wideband extension for G.718; 28–48 kbit/s)
  • G.719
  • G.721 (superseded by G.726; 32 kbit/s)
    • Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[19]
  • G.722 (SB-ADPCM; 48/56/64 kbit/s)
    • FFmpeg
  • G.722B (Super-wideband extension for G.722; 64/80/96 kbit/s)
  • G.722.2 (AMR-WB)
    • 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[10]
    • opencore-amr (decoder)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • G.723 (24 and 40 kbit/s DPCM, extension to G.721, superseded by G.726)
    • Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[19]
  • G.723.1 (MPC-MLQ or ACELP; 5.3/6.3 kbit/s)
    • FFmpeg
  • G.726 (ADPCM; 16/24/32/40 kbit/s)
    • Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[19]
    • FFmpeg (libavcodec)
  • G.727
    • Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[19]
  • G.728 (LD-CELP; 16 kbit/s)
  • G.729 (CS-ACELP; 8 kbit/s)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • G.729a
  • G.729b
  • G.729ab
  • G.729d (6.4 kbit/s)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • G.729e (11.8 kbit/s)
  • G.729.1 (G.729 Annex J; Wideband extension for G.711; 8–32 kbit/s)
  • G.729.1E (Super-wideband extension for G.729.1)
• Google
  • internet Speech Audio Codec (iSAC)
    • WebRTC
• Nellymoser Asao Codec
  • FFmpeg (libavcodec)
• PictureTel PT716, PT716plus
• PictureTel PT724
• RTAudio – used by Microsoft Live Communication Server
• SVOPC – used by Skype
• OpenLPC – created by Future Dynamics^[19]
  • HawkVoice (libHVDI)
• ANSI/SCTE
  • ANSI/SCTE 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
    • BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
  • ANSI/SCTE 24-22 2013 (iLBCv2.0)
  • ANSI/SCTE 24-23 2007 (BroadVoice32)
    • BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
• IETF RFCs:
  • Internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC, RFC 3951) – developed by Global IP Solutions/Google
    • WebRTC
• IETF Internet Draft
  • SILK (used by Skype)^[20]
  • CELT (developed by Xiph.Org Foundation)^[21]
    • libcelt
• MPEG-4 Audio
  • MPEG-4 CELP
  • MPEG-4 HVXC
• Skyphone MPLP
• Inmarsat
  • INMARSAT-M IMBE
  • Inmarsat Mini-M AMBE

Microsoft DirectPlay

Those codecs are used by many PC games which use voice chats via Microsoft DirectPlay API.

• Voxware MetaVoice
  • Windows Media Player (voxmvdec.ax)
• Truespeech
  • Windows Media Player (tssoft32.acm)
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• MS GSM
  • Windows Media Player (msgsm32.acm)
  • libgsm
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• MS-ADPCM
  • Windows Media Player (msadp32.acm)
  • FFmpeg

Digital Voice Recorder

• International Voice Association (IVA) standards:
  • Digital Speech Standard / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)
  • Digital Speech Standard / Quality Play (DSS-QP)
• Sony LPEC
• Truespeech Triple Rate CODER (TRC)^[22] – used in some pocket recorders
• Micronas [de] Intermetall MI-SC4 - used by voice recorders such as RadioShack Digital Recorder^[23] and I-O DATA [ja] HyperHyde^[24]
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)

Mobile phone

Generation 2

• European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) GSM
  • Full Rate (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
    • libgsm
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Half Rate (GSM 06.20, VSELP 5.6 kbit/s)
  • Enhanced Full Rate (GSM 06.60, ACELP 12.20 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_12.20)
• Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-95 (a.k.a. cdmaOne)
  • IS-96A (QCELP 8 kbit/s)
  • IS-127 (EVRC 8 kbit/s)
  • IS-733 (QCELP 13 kbit/s)
• Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-54/IS-136 (a.k.a. Digital AMPS)
  • IS-85 (VSELP 8kbit/s)
    • ITU-T G.191's IS-54 implementation
  • IS-641 (ACELP 7.4 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_7.40)
• Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) RCR STD-27 (PDC)
  • PDC-HR (PSI-CELP 3.45 kbit/s)
  • PDC-FR (VSELP 11.2 kbit/s)
  • PDC-EFR CS-ACELP 8 kbit/s (a.k.a. G.729)
  • PDC-EFR ACELP 6.7 kbit/s (compatible with AMR mode AMR_6.70)

Generation 3/4

• 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
  • Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
    • AMR-NB
      • 3GPP TS 26.073 – AMR speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[25]
      • opencore-amr (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrnb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
      • FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
    • AMR-WB
      • 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[10]
      • opencore-amr (decoder), from OpenCORE (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrwb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
      • vo-amrwbenc (encoder), from VisualOn, included in Android (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libvo-amrwbenc to incorporate the VisualOn lib)
      • FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options).
    • AMR-WB+
      • 3GPP TS 26.273 – AMR-WB+ speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[26]
    • Enhanced Voice Services (EVS)
      • 3GPP TS.26.443 – Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) – ANSI C code (floating-point)^[27]
• 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
  • Enhanced Variable Rate Codec (EVRC, a.k.a. IS-127) – based on RCELP
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B (EVRC-B)
  • QCELP (Qualcomm Code Excited Linear Prediction)
    • QCELP-8 (a.k.a. SmartRate or IS-96C)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • QCELP-13 (a.k.a. PureVoice or IS-733)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Selectable Mode Vocoder (SMV)
  • Variable Multi Rate – WideBand (VMR-WB)

Professional mobile radio

• APCO
  • Project 25 Phase 2 Enhanced Full-Rate (AMBE+2 4400bit/s with 2800bit/s FEC)
  • Project 25 Phase 2 Half-Rate (AMBE+2 2450bit/s with 1150bit/s FEC) – also used in NXDN and DMR
    • mbelib (decoder only)
  • Project 25 Phase 1 Full Rate (IMBE 7200bit/s)
    • mbelib (decoder only)
• European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
  • ETS 300 395-2 (TETRA ACELP 4.6kbit/s)
• TETRAPOL
  • RPCELP 6 kbit/s
• D-STAR Digital Voice (AMBE 2400bit/s with 1200bit/s FEC)
  • mbelib (decoder only)
• Professional Digital Trunking System Industry Association (PDT Alliance) standards:
  • NVOC – used in China
• Spirit DSP RALCWI
• DSPINI
  • SPR Robust
  • TWELP Robust
• Codec2
  • libcodec2
• RL-CELP (used in Japanese railways^[28][29])

Military

• U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Federal Standard:
  • FS-1015 (a.k.a. LPC-10)
    • HawkVoice (libHVDI)
  • FS-1016 (CELP)
    • HawkVoice (libHVDI)
  • FS-1023 (CVSD 12kbit/s)
• United States Military Standard (MIL-STD)
  • MIL-STD-188 113 (CVSD 16 kbit/s and 32 kbit/s)
    • SoX (libsox)
  • MIL-STD-3005 (a.k.a. MELP)
    • Texas Instruments' 2.4 kbit/s MELP Proposed Federal Standard speech coder
• NATO
  • STANAG 4198 (a.k.a. LPC-10e)
    • SpanDSP (open source)
  • STANAG-4591 (a.k.a. MELPe)
    • Microsoft Speech coder
• BBN NRV – developed in DARPA program^[30]

Video games

• Bink Audio, Smacker Audio
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Actimagine (Nintendo European Research & Development) FastAudio^[31]
  • MobiclipDecoder (decoder only)
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Nintendo GCADPCM^[32] (a.k.a. DSP ADPCM or THP ADPCM) - used in GameCube, Wii and Nintendo 3DS.
  • vgmstream (decoder only)
  • VGAudio
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Sony VAG^[32] (a.k.a. Sony PSX ADPCM)
  • vgmstream (decoder only)
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Sony HEVAG^[32] - used in PS Vita.^[33]
  • vgmstream (decoder only)
• Sony ATRAC9^[32] - used in PS4 and PS Vita.
  • VGAudio (decoder only)
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Microsoft XMA^[32] - WMA variants for Xbox 360 hardware decoding.^[34]
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
• Xbox ADPCM
  • vgmstream (decoder only)
• CRI ADX ADPCM
  • vgmstream (decoder only)
  • VGAudio
  • FFmpeg
• CRI HCA/HCA-MX - used in CRI ADX2 middleware.^[35]
  • vgmstream (decoder only)
  • VGAudio
  • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • libcgss
  • HCADecoder (decoder only)
• FMOD FADPCM^[36]
  • vgmstream (decoder only)

Text compression formats

• BiM
• Continuous Media Markup Language (CMML)
• MPEG-4 Part 17 (e.g. 3GPP Timed Text)
• ttyrec

Video compression formats

Non-compression

• RGB 4:4:4 (only linear, transfer-converted and bit-reduced also sort of compression up to about 3:1 for HDR)
• YUV 4:4:4/4:2:2/4:1:1/4:2:0 (all lower 4:4:4 is spatially compressed up to 2:1 for 4:2:0 with specific colour distortions).
  • Intel IYUV
• 10-bit uncompressed video
• Composite digital signal - used by SMPTE D-2 and D-3 broadcast digital videocassettes
• Avid DNxUncompressed
• V210

Analog signals

• PAL broadcast signal
  • Pyctools-PAL (open source)
• NTSC broadcast signal
  • gr-ntsc (open source)
• LaserDisc RF signal
  • ld-decode (open source)
• VHS / S-VHS / U-Matic RF signal
  • VHS-Decode (open source)
• Composite Video Baseband Signal (CVBS)
  • VHS-Decode's CVBS-Decode (open source)

Lossless video compression

• ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
  • H.264 lossless
    • x264 (encoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x264 for encoding)
  • H.265 lossless^[37]
    • x265 (encoder only)
    • UHDcode (decoder only, uses x265 to read HEVC encoded files)^[38]
    • FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x265 for encoding)^[39][40]
  • Motion JPEG 2000 lossless
    • libopenjpeg
  • JPEG XS lossless Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_codecs
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