Counties of Georgia
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Location	State of Georgia
Number	159
Populations	Greatest: 1,079,105 (Fulton) Least: 1,609 (Taliaferro) Average: 69,366 (2023)
Areas	Largest: 908 square miles (2,350 km2) (Ware) Smallest: 121 square miles (310 km2) (Clarke) Average: 373.7 square miles (968 km2)
Government	County government
Subdivisions	Cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place

The U.S. state of Georgia is divided into 159 counties, the second-highest number after Texas, which has 254 counties. Under the Georgia State Constitution, all of its counties are granted home rule to deal with problems that are purely local in nature. Also, eight consolidated city-counties have been established in Georgia: Athens–Clarke County, Augusta–Richmond County, Columbus–Muscogee County, Georgetown–Quitman County, Statenville–Echols County, Macon–Bibb County, Cusseta–Chattahoochee County, and Preston-Webster County.

History

From 1732 until 1758, the minor civil divisions in Georgia were districts and towns. In 1758, the Province of Georgia was divided into eight parishes, and another four parishes were created in 1765. On February 5, 1777, the original eight counties of the state were created: Burke, Camden, Chatham, Effingham, Glynn, Liberty, Richmond, and Wilkes.

Georgia has the second-largest number of counties of any state in the United States, only behind Texas, which has 254 counties.^[1] One traditional reasoning for the creation and location of so many counties in Georgia was that a country farmer, rancher, or lumberman should be able to travel to the legal county seat town or city, and then back home, in one day on horseback or via wagon. About 25 counties in Georgia were created in the first quarter of the 20th century, after the use of the railroad, automobile, truck, and bus had become possible. Because of the County Unit System, later declared unconstitutional, new counties, no matter the population, had at least one representative in the state house, keeping political power in rural areas.^[2][3] The last new county to be established in Georgia was Peach County, founded in 1924.

The proliferation of counties in Georgia led to multiple state constitutional amendments attempting to limit the number of counties. The most recent such amendment, ratified in 1945, limited the number to 159 counties, although there had been 161 counties from 1924 to 1931. In a rare consolidation of counties, both Campbell County and Milton County were annexed into Fulton County in 1932 as a financial move during the Great Depression, since those two county governments were nearly bankrupt. Fulton County contains Atlanta, and it was thought that tax revenues from Atlanta and its suburbs would help to support the rural areas of the discarded counties, which had very little tax income of their own—mostly from property taxes on farms and forests, which did not amount to much.

Due to Georgia's high number of unpopulated counties, Georgia judges are able to get around a state constitutional provision prohibiting banishment "beyond the limits of this state" by banishing criminals from all but one county of the state, usually Echols County. Because the one county where the banished criminal is technically allowed to live is so unpopulated, the banished criminals will leave the state of Georgia rather than move to that county.^[4]

Georgia is the only state that still allows sole commissioner county government. As of 2021, seven of the state's 159 counties operate under that system.

During the 2022 legislative session, the Georgia General Assembly began considering reducing the number of counties in the state.^[5] Despite the state increasing in population by over one million according to the 2020 Census, 67 counties lost population, mostly in rural areas. The rationale for consolidating counties is to reduce costs for county services such as school systems, law enforcement and elections.^[5][6]

Changed names of counties

A few counties in Georgia have changed their names. Jasper County was originally named "Randolph County". Later, the present-day Randolph County was founded. Webster County was once named "Kinchafoonee County", and Bartow County was originally named "Cass County".

Defunct counties

• Christ Church, St. Andrew, St. David, St. George, St. James, St. John, St. Mary, St. Matthew, St. Patrick, St. Paul, St. Philip, and St. Thomas were all parishes that were dissolved in 1777 with the establishment of the charter counties.
• Bourbon County (1785–1788): formed out of disputed Yazoo lands in present-day Mississippi; dissolved in 1788.
• Campbell County (1828–1932): formed from Carroll and Coweta in 1828. Areas northwest of the Chattahoochee River became Douglas in 1870; the remainder of Campbell was merged into southwest Fulton in 1932.
• Milton County (1857–1932): formed from northeast Cobb, southeast Cherokee, and southwest Forsyth in 1857 (and later northern DeKalb); was merged into north Fulton in 1932.
• There was a previous Walton County in Georgia, which was actually located in what is now western North Carolina. A brief skirmish, the Walton War, was fought between North Carolina and Georgia in 1810, before Georgia relinquished its claim on that area after the 1811 survey of Ellicott Rock.

Majority-minority counties

Per the 2020 Census, 36 of Georgia's 159 counties are majority-minority. Eighteen have African-American majorities and 18 are majority-minority with no dominant group. An influx of immigrants to the Atlanta metropolitan area and Latino workers to the Black Belt has helped to fuel the shift.

Fictional counties

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Film

• Deliverance (1972) is set in a north Georgia county marked on the sheriff's car as Aintry.
• Diggstown (1992) takes place in the fictional Olivair County, Georgia.
• Gator (1976) takes place in the fictional Dunston County, Georgia.
• Ghost Fever (1987) takes place in the fictional Greendale County, Georgia.
• Smokey Bites the Dust (1981) takes place in the fictional Paraquat County, Georgia.
• Tank (1984) takes place in the fictional Clemmons County, Georgia. (Although Clemmons supposedly borders Tennessee, filming was at or near Fort Benning, across the Chattahoochee River from Alabama.)^{[citation needed]}
• The Ugly Dachshund (1966) takes place in the fictional Paraquat County, Georgia.

Television

• The Dukes of Hazzard (1979–1985) takes place in Hazzard and Chickasaw counties in Georgia, both fictional.^[7][8]
• Family Guy (2011) names a fictional Dungarees County in Georgia where Peter Griffin gets arrested.
• The Misadventures of Sheriff Lobo (1979–1981) takes place in the fictional Orly County, Georgia.
• Rectify (2013–2016), a SundanceTV original series, takes place in the fictional Paulie County, Georgia.
• Squidbillies (2005–present), an animated Adult Swim series about anthropomorphic cephalopods, is set in rural, fictional Dougal County (a possible reference to Douglas County) in the hills of north Georgia.^[9]
• The Walking Dead (2010–2022) names three fictional counties in Georgia: King, Linden and Mert.^[10][11]
• The Resident (2018-2023) makes reference to "Battle County Fire" and "Battle County Search and Rescue," though does not state whether this is where the show is taking place or if main character Conrad Hawkins, M.D., is a member of the services in a nearby county.
• The first season of Amazon Prime streaming series Reacher (2022–present), an adaptation of Lee Child's 1997 novel Killing Floor, takes place in the fictional Lawton County and its town of Margrave, somewhere near the Alabama state line.

Theater

• The Foreigner (1983), a play by Larry Shue, takes place in the fictional Tilghman County, Georgia.

Books

• Karin Slaughter's novels are often set in the fictional Grant County, Georgia.
• In Stephen King's The Green Mile, John Coffey is wrongfully arrested in the fictional Trapingus County, Georgia.
• John Birmingham includes a fictional Buttecracke (pronounced Beau-cray) County, Georgia, in his Dave vs. the Monsters series of novels.
• We Deserve Monuments, by Jas Hammonds, takes place in the fictional Bardell County, Georgia.

Counties listing

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_counties_in_Georgia
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County	FIPS code[12]	County seat[13]	Est.[13]	Origin[14]	Etymology[14]	Density	Population[15]	Area[13]	Map
Appling County	001	Baxley	1818	Land ceded by the Creek Indians in the Treaty of Fort Jackson in 1814 and the Treaty of the Creek Agency in 1818	Colonel Daniel Appling (1787–1818), a hero of the War of 1812	36.26	18,457	509 sq mi (1,318 km2)
Atkinson County	003	Pearson	1917	Clinch and Coffee counties	William Yates Atkinson (1854–99), governor of Georgia (1894–98) and speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives	24.54	8,293	338 sq mi (875 km2)
Bacon County	005	Alma	1914	Appling, Pierce and Ware counties	Augustus Octavius Bacon (1839–1914), U.S. Senator (1895–1914); President pro tempore of the United States Senate	39.03	11,124	285 sq mi (738 km2)
Baker County	007	Newton	1825	Early County	Colonel John Baker (died 1792), a hero of the American Revolutionary War	8.00	2,743	343 sq mi (888 km2)
Baldwin County	009	Milledgeville	1803	Creek cessions of 1802 and 1805	Abraham Baldwin (1754–1807), a Founding Father; U.S. Senator (1799–1807); one of the Georgia delegates who signed the U.S. Constitution	168.20	43,396	258 sq mi (668 km2)
Banks County	011	Homer	1859	Franklin and Habersham counties	Dr. Richard Banks (1784–1850), local physician noted for treating natives with smallpox	84.57	19,789	234 sq mi (606 km2)
Barrow County	013	Winder	1914	Gwinnett, Jackson and Walton counties	"Uncle Dave" David Crenshaw Barrow Jr. (1852–1929), chancellor of the University of Georgia (1906–29)	572.79	92,792	162 sq mi (420 km2)
Bartow County	015	Cartersville	1832	Created from a portion of Cherokee County and originally called Cass County after General Lewis Cass	General Francis S. Bartow (1816–61), Confederate political leader; first Confederate general killed in the American Civil War	250.09	115,041	460 sq mi (1,191 km2)
Ben Hill County	017	Fitzgerald	1906	Irwin and Wilcox counties	Benjamin Harvey Hill (1823–82), U.S. Senator (1877–82)	67.97	17,128	252 sq mi (653 km2)
Berrien County	019	Nashville	1856	Coffee, Irwin, and Lowndes counties	John Macpherson Berrien (1781–1856), U.S. Senator; U.S. Attorney General	41.08	18,570	452 sq mi (1,171 km2)
Bibb County	021	Macon	1822	Houston, Jones, Monroe, and Twiggs counties	Dr. William Wyatt Bibb (1780–1820), first Governor of Alabama; U.S. Senator	626.05	156,512	250 sq mi (647 km2)
Bleckley County	023	Cochran	1912	Pulaski County	Logan Edwin Bleckley (1827–1907), Georgia State Supreme Court Chief Justice	57.44	12,465	217 sq mi (562 km2)
Brantley County	025	Nahunta	1920	Charlton, Pierce, and Wayne counties	Benjamin Daniel Brantley (1832-91), a state legislator, local merchant and confederate soldier or William Gordon Brantley (1860–1934), U.S. Congressman	41.44	18,401	444 sq mi (1,150 km2)
Brooks County	027	Quitman	1858	Lowndes and Thomas counties	Captain Preston S. Brooks (1819–57), a hero of the Mexican–American War; Congressman from South Carolina	32.88	16,245	494 sq mi (1,279 km2)
Bryan County	029	Pembroke	1793	Chatham County	Jonathan Bryan (1708–88), colonial settler; famous state representative	112.53	49,739	442 sq mi (1,145 km2)
Bulloch County	031	Statesboro	1796	Bryan and Screven counties	Archibald Bulloch (1729–77), a hero of the Revolutionary War; Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives; acting governor of Georgia (1775–77) and first governor of Georgia	123.47	84,327	683 sq mi (1,769 km2)
Burke County	033	Waynesboro	1777	Originally organized as St. George Parish	Edmund Burke (1729–97), British-American political philosopher and Member of Parliament (MP) who sympathized with the cause of American independence	29.41	24,438	831 sq mi (2,152 km2)
Butts County	035	Jackson	1825	Henry and Monroe counties	Captain Samuel Butts (1777–1814), a hero of the Creek War	143.78	26,887	187 sq mi (484 km2)
Calhoun County	037	Morgan	1854	Baker and Early counties	John C. Calhoun (1782–1850), U.S. Congressman; U.S. Senator; Vice President of the United States from South Carolina	19.49	5,457	280 sq mi (725 km2)
Camden County	039	Woodbine	1777	St. Mary and St. Thomas parishes	Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden (1714–94), Lord Chancellor of Great Britain who sympathized with the cause of American independence	92.25	58,118	630 sq mi (1,632 km2)
Candler County	043	Metter	1914	Bulloch, Emanuel and Tattnall counties	Allen Daniel Candler (1834–1910), state legislator; U.S. Congressman; Governor of Georgia (1898–1902)	44.77	11,059	247 sq mi (640 km2)
Carroll County	045	Carrollton	1826	Lands ceded by the Creek Indians in 1825 in the Treaty of Indian Springs	Charles Carroll (1737–1832), the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence	254.71	127,098	499 sq mi (1,292 km2)
Catoosa County	047	Ringgold	1853	Walker and Whitfield counties	Chief Catoosa, a Cherokee chief	425.37	68,910	162 sq mi (420 km2)
Charlton County	049	Folkston	1854	Camden County	Robert Milledge Charlton (1807–54), jurist; U.S. Senator (1852–54); mayor of Savannah	16.56	12,934	781 sq mi (2,023 km2)
Chatham County	051	Savannah	1777	Christ Church and St. Philip parishes	William Pitt, Earl of Chatham (1708–78), British Prime Minister who sympathized with the cause of American independence	690.13	303,655	440 sq mi (1,140 km2)
Chattahoochee County	053	Cusseta	1854	Marion and Muscogee counties	Chattahoochee River, which forms the county's (and the state's) western border	34.78	8,661	249 sq mi (645 km2)
Chattooga County	055	Summerville	1838	Floyd and Walker counties	Chattooga River	80.32	25,222	314 sq mi (813 km2)
Cherokee County	057	Canton	1831	Cherokee Cession of 1831	Cherokee Nation, which controlled this part of the state autonomously until 1831	675.95	286,602	424 sq mi (1,098 km2)
Clarke County	059	Athens	1801	Jackson County	Elijah Clarke (1733–99), a hero of the Revolutionary War	1,073.83	129,933	121 sq mi (313 km2)
Clay County	061	Fort Gaines	1854	Early and Randolph counties	Henry Clay (1777–1852), Secretary of State; Speaker of the House of Representatives; U.S. Senator from Kentucky	14.63	2,853	195 sq mi (505 km2)
Clayton County	063	Jonesboro	1858	Fayette and Henry counties	Augustin Smith Clayton (1783–1839), a local jurist and U.S. Congressman	2,086.01	298,300	143 sq mi (370 km2)
Clinch County	065