List of heirs to the French throne - Biblioteka.sk

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List of heirs to the French throne
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Coat of arms of the Dauphin of France, a title used by the heir-apparent to the French throne from 1350 to 1791, and from 1824 to 1830.
Heraldic crown of the Dauphin of France.

The following is a list of the heirs to the throne of the Kingdom of France, that is, those who were legally next in line to assume the throne upon the death of the King.

From 987 to 1792, all heirs to the French throne were male-line descendants of Hugh Capet.

Capetian associate kings

The crown of France under the earliest Capetian monarchs was elective, not hereditary. There was no mechanism for automatic succession unless an heir was crowned as associate king, ready to step up as primary king when the previous king died. This procedure was very similar to the method by which the Germans elected a King of the Romans during the lifetime of the German monarch. The early Capetians generally made sure their sons were crowned as associate kings with them, with such success that the inheritance of the eldest son and heir to the kingship came to be accepted as a matter of right. Louis VI of France was the first king to take the throne without having been crowned in his father's time; however, his right to take the throne was initially contested.

Co-king Relationship
to Monarch
Crowned Co-kingship ceased Reason Monarch
Robert (II) son 30 December 987 24 October 996 became sole king Hugh Capet
Hugh Magnus son 19 June 1017 17 September 1025 died Robert II of France
Henry (I) son 14 May 1027 20 July 1031 became sole king
Philip (I) son 23 May 1059 4 August 1060 became sole king Henry I of France
Philip son 14 April 1129 13 October 1131 died Louis VI of France
Louis (VII) son 25 October 1131 1 August 1137 became sole king
Philip (II) son 1 November 1179 18 September 1180 became sole king Louis VII of France

Capetian heirs by Salic succession I

After the accession of Philip II of France, the throne became de jure as well as de facto hereditary, so that on the death of the king, the legal heir became king immediately, and could exercise authority without coronation. The throne passed to the closest male heir.

Heirs who actually succeeded are shown in bold type. From 1350 on, the heir apparent to the French throne was styled Dauphin. Heirs so styled are accompanied on the table below by an image of the Dauphin's coat of arms. The title was abandoned in 1791 in favor of the style Prince Royal, less than a year before the abolition of the monarchy.

Heir Status Relationship
to Monarch
Became heir Ceased to be heir Next in succession
Relation to heir, dates
Monarch
Date Reason Date Reason
Louis heir apparent son 5 September 1187 born 14 July 1223 became king succession uncertain (1187–1209)[1] Philip II of France
Philip
son (1209–1218)
Louis
son (1218–1223)
Louis heir apparent son 14 July 1223 father became king 8 November 1226 became king Robert
brother
Louis VIII of France
Robert I of Artois heir presumptive brother 8 November 1226 brother became king 25 February 1244 son born to king Jean Tristan, Count of Anjou
brother (1226–1232)
Louis IX of France
Alfonso, Count of Poitou
brother (1232–1244)
Louis heir apparent son 25 February 1244 born 11 January 1260 died Robert I of Artois
uncle (1244–1245)
Philip
brother (1245–1260)
Philip heir apparent son 11 January 1260 brother died 25 August 1270 became king Jean Tristan
brother (1260–1264)
Louis
son (1264–1270)
Louis heir apparent son 25 August 1270 father became king May 1276 died Philip
brother
Philip III of France
Philip heir apparent son May 1276 brother died 5 October 1285 became king Charles, Count of Valois
brother
Charles, Count of Valois heir presumptive brother 5 October 1285 brother became king 4 October 1289 son born to king Louis
brother
Philip IV of France
Louis heir apparent son 4 October 1289 born 29 November 1314 became king Charles, Count of Valois
uncle (1289–1293)
Philip, Count of Poitou
brother (1293–1314)
Philip of Poitou heir presumptive brother/
uncle
29 November 1314 brother became king 20 November 1316 became king Charles, Count of La Marche
brother (1314–1316)
Louis X of France
Philip
son (Nov 15-20, 1316)
John I of France[2]
Philip heir apparent son 20 November 1316 father became king 24 February 1317 died Charles, Count of La Marche
uncle
Philip V of France
Charles of La Marche heir presumptive brother 24 February 1317 king's son died 3 January 1322 became king Philip
son
Philip heir apparent son 3 January 1322 father became king 24 March 1322 died Charles, Count of Valois
great-uncle
Charles IV of France
Charles of Valois heir presumptive uncle 24 March 1322 king's son died 20 March 1324 son born to king Philip
son
Louis heir apparent son 20 March 1324 born 21 March 1324 died Charles, Count of Valois
great-uncle
Charles of Valois heir presumptive uncle 21 March 1324 king's son died 16 December 1325 died Philip
son
Philip of Valois heir presumptive 1st cousin 16 December 1325 father died 1 February 1328 became king John
son
John heir apparent son 1 February 1328 father became king 22 August 1350 became king Charles II, Count of Alençon
uncle (1328–1330)
Philip VI of France
Louis
brother (17 Jan, 1330)
Charles II of Alençon
uncle (1330–1333)
John
brother (2 Oct, 1333)
Charles II of Alençon
uncle (1333–1336)
Philip, Duke of Orléans
brother (1336–1338)
Charles
son (1338–1350)
Charles heir apparent son 22 August 1350 father became king 8 April 1364 became king Louis, Duke of Anjou
brother
John II of France
Louis, Duke of Anjou heir presumptive brother 8 April 1364 brother became king 7 June 1366 son born to king John, Duke of Berry
brother
Charles V of France
John heir apparent son 7 June 1366 born 21 December 1366 died Louis, Duke of Anjou
uncle
Louis, Duke of Anjou heir presumptive brother 21 December 1366 king's son died 3 December 1368 son born to king John, Duke of Berry
brother
Charles heir apparent son 3 December 1368 born 16 September 1380 became king Louis, Duke of Anjou
uncle (1368–1372)
Louis
brother (1372–1380)
Louis I, Duke of Orléans heir presumptive brother 16 September 1380 brother became king 25 September 1386 son born to king Louis, Duke of Anjou
uncle (1380–1384)
Charles VI of France
Louis II, Duke of Anjou
1st cousin (1384–1386)
Charles heir apparent son 25 September 1386 born 28 December 1386 died Louis I, Duke of Orléans
uncle
Louis I, Duke of Orléans heir presumptive brother 28 December 1386 king's son died 6 February 1392 son born to king Louis II, Duke of Anjou
1st cousin
Charles heir apparent son 6 February 1392 born 13 January 1401 died Louis I, Duke of Orléans
uncle (1392–1397)
Louis
brother (1397–1401)
Louis heir apparent son 13 January 1401 brother died 18 December 1415 died John
brother
John heir apparent son 18 December 1415 brother died 5 April 1417 died Charles
brother
Charles heir apparent son 5 April 1417 brother died 21 October 1422 became king[3] Charles, Duke of Orléans
1st cousin

Lancastrian succession

On May 21, 1420, the government of Charles VI was obliged to sign the Treaty of Troyes, which provided a legal framework for the transfer of power to Henry V, King of England, who had invaded and occupied northern France, including Paris. Under the treaty, Henry, who was to marry Charles' daughter Catherine, was named as "Heir of France" and the Dauphin Charles was disinherited. The treaty was not recognized by those factions which were still at war with England, and only had legal force in English-occupied territory and, more briefly, in the Burgundian lands (1420–1435) and in Brittany.

Heir Status Relationship to Monarch Became heir Ceased to be heir Next in succession
relation to heir, dates
Monarch
Date Reason Date Reason
Henry V, King of England heir apparent son-in-law 21 May 1420 treaty 31 August 1422 died succession uncertain, (1420–1421) Charles VI
Henry, Duke of Cornwall
son, (1421–1422)
Henry VI, King of England heir apparent grandson 31 August 1422 father died 21 October 1422 became king succession uncertain (Aug.-Oct. 1422)
succession uncertain 1422–1453 “Henry II”
Edward of Westminster heir apparent son 13 October 1453 born 19 October 1453 father deposed succession uncertain

Capetian heirs by Salic succession II

In southern France, the treaty of Troyes was never regarded as valid, and Charles VII was considered to have become king upon his father's death. Given his repudiation by his father, however, his status remained uncertain until his coronation at Reims on 17 July 1429. In the following two decades Charles VII regained control of most of France; the English were finally expelled from Guienne on 19 October 1453, retaining only the port of Calais.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_heirs_to_the_French_throne
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Heir Status Relationship to Monarch Became heir Ceased to be heir Next in succession
relation to heir, dates
Monarch
Date Reason Date Reason
Charles, Duke of Orléans heir presumptive 1st cousin 21 October 1422 cousin became king 3 July 1423 son born to king John, Count of Angoulême
brother
Charles VII of France
Louis heir apparent son 3 July 1423 born 22 July 1461 became king Charles, Duke of Orléans
1st cousin -1 (1423–1426)
John of France
brother (Sept 19, 1426)
Charles, Duke of Orléans
1st cousin -1 (1426–1432)
James of France
brother (1432–1437)
Charles, Duke of Orléans
1st cousin -1 (1437–1446)
Charles of France
brother (1446–1458)
Louis of France
son (1458–1460)
Charles of France
brother (1460–1461)
Charles, Duke of Berry heir presumptive brother 22 July 1461 brother became king 4 December 1466 son born to king Charles, Duke of Orléans
1st cousin -1 (1461–1465)
Louis XI of France
Louis, Duke of Orléans
2nd cousin (1465–1466)
Francis heir apparent son 4 December 1466 born 4 December 1466 died Charles, Duke of Berry
Charles, Duke of Berry heir presumptive brother 4 December 1466 king's son died 30 June 1470 son born to king Louis, Duke of Orléans
2nd cousin
Charles heir apparent son 30 June 1470 born 30 August 1483 became king Charles, Duke of Berry
uncle (1470–1472)
Louis, Duke of Orléans
2nd cousin -1 (May–Sept 1472)
Francis, Duke of Berry
brother (1472–1473)
Louis, Duke of Orléans
2nd cousin -1 (1473–1483)
Louis, Duke of Orléans heir presumptive 2nd cousin -1 30 August 1483 cousin became king 11 October 1492 son born to king Charles, Count of Angoulême
1st cousin
Charles VIII of France
Charles–Orland heir apparent son 11 October 1492 born 6 December 1495 died Louis, Duke of Orléans
2nd cousin -2
Louis, Duke of Orléans heir presumptive 2nd cousin -1 6 December 1495 king's son died 8 September 1496 son born to king Charles, Count of Angoulême
1st cousin (1495–1496)
Francis, Count of Angoulême
1st cousin +1 (Jan–Sep 1496)
Charles heir apparent son 8 September 1496 born 2 October 1496 died Louis, Duke of Orléans
2nd cousin -2
Louis, Duke of Orléans heir presumptive 2nd cousin -1 2 October 1496 king's son died July 1497 son born to king Francis, Count of Angoulême
1st cousin +1
Francis heir apparent son July 1497 born July 1497 died Louis, Duke of Orléans
2nd cousin -2
Louis, Duke of Orléans heir presumptive 2nd cousin -1 July 1497 king's son died 7 April 1498 became king Francis, Count of Angoulême
1st cousin +1
Francis, Count of Angoulême heir presumptive 1st cousin +1 7 April 1498 cousin became king 1 January 1515 became king Charles IV, Duke of Alençon
5th cousin -1
Louis XII of France
Charles IV, Duke of Alençon heir presumptive 5th cousin –1 1 January 1515