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This is a simplified table of Japanese kanji visual components (graphemes) that does away with all the archaic forms found in the Japanese version of the Kangxi radicals.
The 214 Kanji radicals are technically classifiers as they are not always etymologically correct,[1] but since linguistics uses that word in the sense of "classifying" nouns (such as in counter words), dictionaries commonly call the kanji components radicals. As dictionaries have moved from textbooks to interactive screens, the term "radicals" seems to now be used for any kanji component used in a visual search.
Most common radicals
There are two readings for a kanji: On'yomi and Kun'yomi. On'yomi is a reading derived from the Chinese way of reading, Kun'yomi is the original Japanese reading.
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The six radicals that occur the most frequently[2] (in order of frequency)[3] and make up 25% of the 2136 Jōyō kanji:
mouth, opening (not to be confused with box radical 囗) Kun: くち On: コウ、 ク
water Kun: みず、 みず- On: スイ
tree Kun: き、 こ- On: ボク、 モク
person, human Kun: ひと、 -り、 -と On: ジン、 ニン
hand Kun: て、 て-、 -て、 た- On: シュ、 ズ
heart radical, spirit, mind Kun: こころ、 -ごころ On: シン
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Fourteen radicals that together with the above make up 50% of Jōyō kanji:
word, say, speech / to speak Kun: い.う、 こと On: ゲン、 ゴン
sun, day, Sunday, time, counter for days Kun: ひ、 -び、 -か On: ニチ、 ジツ
silk/thread Kun: いと On: シ
(a variant of ⽷) short thread radical Kun: ちいさい On: ヨウ
meat/organ, flesh Kun: しし On: ニク
moon, month, Monday, period, counter for months Kun: つき On: ゲツ、 ガツ
ground, soil, earth, ground, Turkey Kun: つち On: ド、 ト
(a variant of ⾡) go/road radical, walk, to advance
grass/plant radical
roof/crown radical, roof (house), shaped crown On: ベン、 メン
shell, property, wealth Kun: かい On: バイ
woman / female Kun: おんな、 め On: ジョ、 ニョ、 ニョウ
wall/hill/village radical (left side) large village radical (right side) place, left village radical, country, city Kun: こざと
gold/metal, mineral Kun: かね、 かな-、 -がね On: キン、 コン、 ゴン |
Thirty-one radicals that together with the above make up 75% of Jōyō kanji:
one Kun: ひと-、 ひと.つ On: イチ、 イツ
knife, sword Kun: かたな、 そり On: トウ Variants: 刂 (つくり) right side of the kanji
ten, complete Kun: とお、 と、 そ On: ジュウ、 ジッ、 ジュッ
rice field / rice paddy Kun: た On: デン Variants: 田 (へん) left side of the kanji
fire Kun: ひ、 -び、 ほ- On: カ Variants: 火 (へん), 灬 (あし) left side of the kanji, bottom of the kanji
big, very Kun: おお-、 おお.きい、 -おお.いに On: ダイ、 タイ
mountain Kun: やま On: サン、 セン Variants: 山 (へん), かんむり left side of the kanji, top of kanji
eat, food, to eat Kun: く.う、 く.らう、 た.べる、 は.む On: ショク、 ジキ Variants: 食=飠 (へん) left side of the kanji
vehicle, cart, car, wheel Kun: くるま On: シャ Variants: 車 (へん) left side of the kanji
walking/going person radical , stop, linger, loiter, ,step, stride, street, to go Kun: たたず.む On: テキ Variants: 彳 (へん), ⾏ (かまえ) left side of the kanji, enclose the kanji
eye radical, class, look, insight, experience, care favor Kun: め、 -め、 ま- On: モク、 ボク Variants: 目 (へん), 目 (かんむり), left side of the kanji, top of kanji
rain Kun: あめ、 あま-、 -さめ On: ウ Variants: 雨 (かんむり) top of kanji
dog Kun: いぬ、 いぬ- On: ケン Variants: 犭 (へん) left side of the kanji
king radical, rule, magnate On: オウ、 -ノウ
ball, jewel / jewelry Kun: たま、 たま-、 -だま On: ギョク
stone Kun: いし On: セキ、 シャク、 コク Variants: 石 (へん) left side of the kanji
power radical, strength, strong, strain, bear up, exert Kun: ちから On: リョク、 リキ、 リイ
garment, clothing / clothes, dressing Kun: ころも、 きぬ、 -ぎ On: イ、 エ Variants: 石=衤(へん) left side of the kanji
bow ( in archery, violin ) Kun: ゆみ On: キュウ Variants: 弓(へん) left side of the kanji
bamboo Kun: たけ On: チク Variants: ⺮ (かんむり) on the top of kanji
again, right hand, on the other hand Kun: また、 また-、 また.の- On: ユウ
action radical, folding chair radical, strike, activity, to strike, hit On: ホク Variants: ⽁ (つくり), 攵 (つくり) on the right side of the kanji
winter radical, to follow, late, delayed Kun: しゅう On: チ
show on an altar radical, altar, festival, religious service, indicate, point out, express, display Kun: しめ.す On: ジ、 シ Variants: 示=礻 (へん) the left side of the kanji
bird radical, wine / alcohol, sake jar, bird, west, sign of the bird, 5-7PM, tenth sign of Chinese zodiac Kun: とり On: ユウ Variants: 酉 (へん) left side of the kanji
(not to be confused with mouth radical 口) box, or enclosure radical On: イ、 コク Variants: 囗 = (かまえ) enclose the kanji
grain radical, two-branch tree radical Kun: いね On: カ Variants: 禾 = (へん) left side of the kanji
building / house on a cliff radical, slanting roof On: ゲン Variants: 广 = (たれ) Radicals which "hang down"
sickness radical / trailing sickness radical Kun: や.む On: ダク、 ニャク、 ソウ、 ジョウ、 シツ Variants: 疒 = (たれ) Radicals which "hang down"
cloth radical, towel, hanging scroll, width, Kun: おお.い、 ちきり、 きれ On: キン、 フク Variants: 巾 (へん) left side of the kanji
flag, corpse radical, remains Kun: かたしろ On: シ Variants: 尸 = (たれ) Radicals which "hang down"
inch (2.25 cm)/sundial, measurement, tenth of a shaku, a little, small degree radical On: スン Variants: 寸 (つくり) on the right side of the kanji
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Table of kanji radicals
Table key
Position category:
- へん (hen) - left ◧ - radical forms the left component of a kanji.
- つくり (tsukuri) - right ◨ - radical forms the right component of a kanji.
- かんむり (kanmuri) - top ⊤ - radical forms the top component of a kanji.
- あし (ashi) - bottom ⊥ - radical forms the bottom component of a kanji.
- かまえ (kamae) - wrap ⿴ - radical encloses the other kanji components.
- たれ (tare) - top-left ⿸ - radical forms the left and top components of a kanji.
- にょう (nyou) - bottom-left ⿺ - radical forms the left and bottom component of a kanji.
- Either left or right ◫ - radical can form either the left or right component of a kanji.
Notes
- This is a simplified list, so the reading of the radical is only given if the kanji is used on its own.
- Example kanji for each radical are all jōyō kanji, but some examples show all jōyō (ordered by stroke number) while others were from the Chinese radicals page with non-jōyō (and Chinese-only) characters removed.
- No radicals with more than 12 strokes are listed as they are not as common and can all be formed from the other components.
- The radicals are listed in the same basic order that the Kanji radicals are listed except for the two and three-stroke radicals which are in a more visual order.
Table
| Radical | Stroke count | Hiragana-Romaji | Meaning | Position | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 一 | 1 | いち-ichi | one | 一 戸 旦 | |
| 丨 | 1 | line | 巾 引 中 甲 旧 | ||
| 丶 | 1 | てん-ten | dot | 刃 凡 丸 丹 太 犬 丼 | |
| 丿 | 1 | bend | 丈 久 才 万 丹 少 | ||
| 乙 (乚) | 1 | おつ-otsu | second, latter | 乙 乞 乏 孔 屯 札 礼 宅 乱 枕 乳 | |
| 亅 | 1 | hook | 了 丁 才 | ||
| 二 | 2 | に-ni | two | 井 仁 元 示 | |
| 亠 | 2 | lid | ⊤ | 六 玄 市 夜 京 | |
| 人 | 2 | ひと-hito | human, person | 人 欠 夫 内 囚 丙 失 肉 扶 快 決 | |
| 亻 | 2 | human, person | ◧ | 仏 化 付 代 他 仕 休 位 作 体 住 何 花 信 | |
| 𠆢 | 2 | person (人); (入; roof) | ⊤ | 介 今 合 全 会 谷 | |
| 入 | 2 | いる-iru | enter | 入 込 | |
| 八 | 2 | はち-hachi | eight; divide | ⊤ | 八 分 公 谷 沿 松 俗 盆 翁 紛容 益 粉 浴 挙 訟 欲 船 雰 裕 鉛 溶 寡 総 嬢 |
| ハ | 2 | animal legs | ⊥ | 六 穴 呉 兵 貝 洪 唄 冥 浜 財 員 棋 貿 貸 買 賛 質 興 | |
| 儿 | 2 | human legs | ⊥ | 児 兄 四 見 | |
| 丷 | 2 | grass, plant; horns | ⊤ | 平 半 羊 岡 前 首 南 | |
| 冫 | 2 | ice | ◧ | 次 冶 冷 | |
| 凵 | 2 | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_kanji_radicals_by_frequency