A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
This chronological list of popes of the Catholic Church corresponds to that given in the Annuario Pontificio under the heading "I Sommi Pontefici Romani" (The Roman Supreme Pontiffs), excluding those that are explicitly indicated as antipopes. Published every year by the Roman Curia, the Annuario Pontificio no longer identifies popes by regnal number, stating that it is impossible to decide which pope represented the legitimate succession at various times.[1] The 2001 edition of the Annuario Pontificio introduced "almost 200 corrections to its existing biographies of the popes, from St Peter to John Paul II". The corrections concerned dates, especially in the first two centuries, birthplaces and the family name of one pope.[2]
The term pope (Latin: papa, lit. 'father') is used in several churches to denote their high spiritual leaders (for example Coptic pope). This title in English usage usually refers to the head of the Catholic Church. The Catholic pope uses various titles by tradition, including Summus Pontifex, Pontifex Maximus, and Servus servorum Dei. Each title has been added by unique historical events and unlike other papal prerogatives, is not incapable of modification.[3]
Hermannus Contractus may have been the first historian to number the popes continuously. His list ends in 1049 with Leo IX as number 154. Several changes were made to the list during the 20th century. Christopher was considered a legitimate pope for a long time but was removed due to how he obtained the papacy. Pope-elect Stephen was listed as Stephen II until the 1961 edition, when his name was removed. The decisions of the Council of Pisa (1409) were reversed in 1963 in a reinterpretation of the Western Schism, extending Gregory XII's pontificate to 1415 and classifying rival claimants Alexander V and John XXIII as antipopes.
A significant number of these popes have been recognized as saints, including 48 out of the first 50 consecutive popes, and others are in the sainthood process. Of the first 31 popes, 28 died as martyrs.
Chronological list of popes
1st millennium
1st century
| Pontiff number |
Pontificate | Name: English · Latin |
Date and Place of birth | Age at start/ end of papacy |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 30–33 / 64–68 | St Peter PETRVS |
1 Bethsaida, Judaea, Roman Empire[birth 1] | 29–32 / 62–67 | Born as Shimon Bar Yonah, a Jew from Judaea. A peregrinus, free provincial subject of the Roman Empire who was not a Roman citizen. Apostle of Jesus. According to Catholic tradition he received the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven (Matthew 16:18–19). Feast day (Feast of Saints Peter and Paul) 29 June. The Catholic Church recognizes him as the first Bishop of Rome appointed by Christ, and therefore the first pope. Also revered as saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 29 June.[4] St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City is named after him. |
| 2 | 64–68 / 76–79 | St Linus LINVS |
10 Volterrae, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 2] | 54–58 / 66–69 | First Roman pope, being a Roman citizen born in Italia, the homeland of the ancient Romans.[birth 3][5] Feast day 23 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 7 June. Possibly mentioned in the New Testament (Second Epistle to Timothy 4:21).[6] |
| 3 | 76–79 / 88–91 | St Anacletus (Cletus) ANACLETVS (CLETVS) |
25 Athenae, Achaea, Roman Empire[birth 4] | 51–54 / 63–66 | First Greek pope. A peregrinus, free provincial subject of the Roman Empire who was not a Roman citizen. Feast day 26 April. Once erroneously split into Cletus and Anacletus.[7] |
| 4 | 26 April 88 – 23 November 99 (11 years, 211 days) |
St Clement I CLEMENS |
c. 35 Roma, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 53 / 64 (†66) | Roman citizen, born in the capital of the Roman Empire. Feast day 23 November. The earliest Apostolic Father, issued 1 Clement which is said to be the basis of apostolic authority for the clergy. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 November. Possibly mentioned in the New Testament (Epistle to the Philippians 4:3).[8] He was martyred by being tied to an anchor and being thrown in the sea. |
| 5 | 23 November 99 – 27 October 105 (5 years, 338 days) |
St Evaristus EVARISTVS |
c. 30 Bethlehem, Iudaea, Roman Empire[birth 6] | 69 / 75 | Hellenized Jew. A peregrinus, free provincial subject of the Roman Empire who was not a Roman citizen. Said to have divided Rome into parishes, assigning a priest to each. Feast day of 26 October. |
2nd century
| Pontiff number |
Pontificate | Name: English · Latin |
Date and Place of birth | Age at start/ end of papacy |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 27 October 105 – 3 May 115 (9 years, 188 days) |
St Alexander I ALEXANDER |
c. 75 Roma, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 30 / 40 | Roman citizen, born in the capital of the Roman Empire. Inaugurated the custom of blessing houses with holy water. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 18 March. |
| 7 | 3 May 115 – 3 April 125 (9 years, 335 days) |
St Sixtus I SYXTVS |
42 Roma, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 73 / 83 | A Roman of Greek descent, born in Italia, the homeland of the ancient Romans. Uncertain if he was a peregrinus (a free subject of the Roman Empire) or a Roman citizen. Feast day of 6 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August. |
| 8 | 3 April 125 – 5 January 136 (10 years, 277 days) |
St Telesphorus TELESPHORVS |
c. 67 Terra Nova, Italia, Roman Empire | 58 / 69 | A Roman of Greek descent, born in Italia, the homeland of the ancient Romans. Uncertain if it was a peregrinus (a free subject of the Roman Empire) or a Roman citizen. Feast day of 5 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 22 February. Church Father St. Irenaeus called him a great martyr; the earliest attested martyrdom of pope after St. Peter. |
| 9 | 5 January 136 – 11 January 140 (4 years, 6 days) |
St Hyginus HYGINVS |
c. 74 Athens, Achaea, Roman Empire[birth 4] | 58 / 62 | Greek. A peregrinus, free provincial subject of the Roman Empire who was not a Roman citizen. Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 11 January. |
| 10 | 11 January 140 – 11 July 155 (15 years, 181 days) |
St Pius I PIVS |
c. 81 Aquileia, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 7] | 59 / 74 | Roman citizen, born in Italia, the homeland of the ancient Romans. Was brother of Hermas. Martyred by sword; feast day 11 July. Decreed that Easter should only be celebrated on a Sunday. |
| 11 | 11 July 155 – 20 April 166 (10 years, 283 days) |
St Anicetus ANICETVS |
c. 92 Emesa, Syria, Roman Empire[birth 8] | 63 / 74 | Hellenized Syrian; first Syrian pope. A peregrinus, free provincial subject of the Roman Empire who was not a Roman citizen. Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 17 April. Decreed that priests are not allowed to have long hair. |
| 12 | 20 April 166 – 22 April 174 (8 years, 2 days) |
St Soter SOTERIVS |
c. 119 Fundi, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 7] | 46 / 55 | Roman citizen, born in Italia, the homeland of the ancient Romans. Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 22 April. Declared that marriage was valid as a sacrament blessed by a priest; formally inaugurated Easter as an annual festival in Rome. |
| 13 | 22 April 174 – 26 May 189 (15 years, 34 days) |
St Eleutherius ELEVTHERIVS |
c. 130 Nicopolis, Epirus, Roman Empire[birth 9] | 45 / 59 | Greek. A peregrinus, free provincial subject of the Roman Empire who was not a Roman citizen. Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 6 May. |
| 14 | 26 May 189 – 28 July 199 (10 years, 63 days) |
St Victor I VICTOR |
c. 155 Africa, Roman Empire[birth 10] | 34 / 44 | Roman Berber; first pope to have been born on the continent of Africa. Uncertain if it was a peregrinus (a free subject of the Roman Empire) or a Roman citizen. Known for excommunicating Theodotus of Byzantium. Quartodecimanism controversy. |
| 15 | 28 July 199 – 20 December 217 (18 years, 145 days) |
St Zephyrinus ZEPHYRINVS |
c. 160 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 39 / 57 | Roman citizen, born in the capital of the Roman Empire. Combated against the adoptionist heresies of the followers of Theodotus of Byzantium who were ruled by Theodotus and Asclepiodotus. Although not physically martyred (murdered), he is called a martyr for the suffering he endured. |
| — | c. 199 – c. 200 (1 year, 0 days) |
Natalius NATALIVS |
Roma, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | — | Roman citizen, born in the capital of the Roman Empire. In opposition to pope Zephyrinus. Later reconciled. |
3rd century
| Pontiff number |
Pontificate | Name: English · Latin |
Date and Place of birth | Age at start/ end of papacy |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | 20 December 217 – 14 October 222 (4 years, 298 days) |
St Callixtus I CALLIXTVS |
c. 155 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 62 / 67 | Roman citizen of Greek descent (Constitutio Antoniniana). Martyred; feast day 14 October. |
| — | 217 – 235 (18 years, 0 days) |
St Hippolytus HIPPOLYTVS |
c. 170 Asia Minor, Roman Empire | 47 / 65 | Roman citizen of Greek descent (Constitutio Antoniniana). In opposition to Callixtus I, Urban I and Pontian. Later reconciled with Pontian (see below). |
| 17 | 14 October 222 – 23 May 230 (7 years, 221 days) |
St Urban I VRBANVS |
c. 175 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 47 / 55 | Roman citizen. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 May. |
| 18 | 21 August 230 – 28 September 235 (5 years, 38 days) |
St Pontian PONTIANVS |
c. 175 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 55 / 60 | Roman citizen. First to abdicate after exile to Sardinia by Emperor Maximinus Thrax. The Liberian Catalogue records his death on 28 September 235, the earliest exact date in papal history.[10][11] |
| 19 | 21 November 235 – 3 January 236 (43 days) |
St Anterus ANTERVS |
c. 180 Petelia, Italy, Roman Empire | 55 / 56 | Roman citizen of Greek descent (Constitutio Antoniniana). Feast day 3 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August. |
| 20 | 10 January 236 – 20 January 250 (14 years, 10 days) |
St Fabian FABIANVS |
c. 200 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 36 / 50 | Roman citizen. Divided the communities of Rome into seven districts, each supervised by a deacon. Feast day 20 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August. |
| 21 | 6 March 251 – 25 June 253 (2 years, 111 days) |
St Cornelius CORNELIVS |
c. 180 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 71 / 73 | Roman citizen. Died as a martyr through extreme hardship; feast day 16 September. |
| — | March 251 – 258 (7 years, 0 days) |
Novatian NOVATIANVS |
c. 200–20 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 31–51 / 38–58 | Roman citizen. Founder of Novatianism. In opposition to Cornelius, Lucius I, Stephen I and Sixtus II. |
| 22 | 25 June 253 – 5 March 254 (253 days) |
St Lucius I LUCIVS |
c. 205 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 48 / 49 | Roman citizen. Feast day 5 March. |
| 23 | 12 March 254 – 2 August 257 (3 years, 143 days) |
St Stephen I STEPHANVS |
c. 200 Rome, Italia, Roman Empire[birth 5] | 54 / 57 | Roman citizen of Greek descent (Constitutio Antoniniana). Martyred by beheading; feast day 2 August. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with the same feast day. |
| 24 | 30 August 257 – 6 August 258 (341 days) |
St Sixtus II SYXTVS Secundus |
c. 215 Athens, Achaea, Roman Empire[birth 4] | 42 / 43 | Roman citizen of Greek descent (Constitutio Antoniniana). Martyred by beheading. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August. |
| 25 | 22 July 259 – 26 December 268 (9 years, 157 days) |
St Dionysius DIONYSIVS |
c. 200 Terra Nova, Italy, Roman Empire | 59 / 68 | Roman citizen of Greek descent (Constitutio Antoniniana). Feast day 26 December. |
| 26 | 5 January 269 – 30 December 274 (5 years, 359 days) |
St Felix I FELIX |
c. 206 Rome, Italy Roman Empire[birth 5] | 63 / 68 | Roman citizen. Feast day 30 December. |
| 27 | 4 January 275 – 7 December 283 (8 years, 337 days) |
St Eutychian EVTYCHIANVS |
c. 240 Luna, Italy, Roman Empire (Now Luni, Italy) | 35 / 43 | Roman citizen. Feast day 8 December. |
| 28 | 17 December 283 – 22 April 296 (12 years, 127 days) |
St Caius CAIVS |
c. 245 Salona, Dalmatia, Roman Empire | 38 / 51 | Roman citizen. Martyred by beheading (according to legend). Feast day 22 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 11 August. |
| 29 | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_popes