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= Operating
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Temples of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (informally known as the LDS Church) are buildings dedicated to be a House of the Lord. They are considered by church members to be the most sacred structures on earth. Upon completion, temples are usually open to the public for a short period of time (an "open house"). During the open house, the church conducts tours of the temple with members from the local area and missionaries serving as tour guides, and all rooms of the temple are open to the public. The temple is then dedicated as a "House of the Lord," after which only members twelve years of age and older[1] who hold a valid temple recommend are permitted to enter. Weekly worship services are not held in temples, but ordinances that are part of Latter-day Saint worship are performed within temples.
Within temples, members of the church make covenants, receive instructions, and perform sacred ordinances, such as: baptism for the dead, washing and anointing (or "initiatory"), the endowment, and eternal marriage, also referred to as sealings. Ordinances are a vital part of the theology of the church, which teaches that they were practiced by the Lord's covenant people in all dispensations. Additionally, members consider the temple a place to commune with God, seek His aid, understand His will, and receive personal revelation.
History
In 1832, shortly after the formation of the church, Joseph Smith said that the Lord desired the saints build a temple;[2] and they completed the Kirtland Temple in 1836. After the death of Joseph Smith in 1844, ownership of the temple shifted, eventually resulting in the Kirtland Temple Suit court case 1880. While the court case was dismissed, the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church, now Community of Christ) secured ownership of the temple through adverse possession by at least 1901.[3] On March 5, 2024, the LDS Church and Community of Christ announced that ownership of the Kirtland Temple had transferred to the former as part of a $192.5 million acquisition of historic sites and objects.[4][5] Initially, the church constructed temples in areas where there were large concentrations of members: Utah, Idaho, Arizona, Hawaii (all in the USA), and Alberta (Canada). In the mid-20th century, because of the importance of temples in the theology, the church tried to balance density with the travel requirements attending the temple imposed upon members. Thus, temples were built in Europe (namely, Switzerland dedicated in 1955 and England dedicated in 1958); the Pacific Islands (namely, New Zealand dedicated in 1958); and Washington, D.C. (dedicated in 1974, the first American temple East of Utah since Nauvoo in 1846). All were dedicated at a time when membership in the region alone might not have justified the effort.
In the 1980s, church president Spencer W. Kimball (1895–1985) directed that smaller temples with similar designs be built[6] allowing temples to be built where there were fewer members. As a result, the first temples in South America (Brazil dedicated in 1978); Asia (Japan dedicated in 1980); and Mexico (Mexico City dedicated in 1983) were built and the number of temples doubled from 15 to 36.
Church president Gordon B. Hinckley (1910–2008) also accelerated the construction of temples through the use of an even smaller standardized base design.[7] In 1998, when there were 51 temples, Hinckley set a goal to have 100 temples in place before the end of 2000.[8] Between the brief building period from 1998 to 2001, 38 of these standardized temples were constructed and dedicated, meeting Hinckley's goal by having 102 dedicated temples before 2000 closed. During Hinckley's service as president, the number of temples more than doubled from 47 to 124.[9]
On October 7, 2018, Russell M. Nelson announced the intent to construct 12 more temples, putting the church's total number of temples operating, under construction, or announced above 200.[10] This high pace of announcement continued and by October 2023, the church's total number of temples operating, under construction, or announced reached 335.
List of temples
The LDS Church has 350 temples in various phases, which includes 195 dedicated temples (with 188 operating, and 7 previously-dedicated, but closed for renovation[11]), 49 under construction, and 106 others announced (not yet under construction).
Destroyed
| Image | Name | Status | Area | Dedication | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Floor | Site | Date | by | |||||
 |
Nauvoo Temple | Destroyed | 54,000 sq ft (5,017 m2) | May 1, 1846 | Orson Hyde | edit | ||
| Apia Samoa Temple (original) | Destroyed | 14,560 sq ft (1,353 m2) | 2 acres (8,094 m2) | August 5, 1983 | Gordon B. Hinckley | edit | ||
Closed with building leveled
| Image | Name | Status | Area | Dedication | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Floor | Site | Date | by | |||||
 |
Endowment House | Closed and building levelled | May 5, 1855 | Heber C. Kimball | edit | |||
Temple not in use
| Image | Name | Status | Area | Dedication | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Floor | Site | Date | by | |||||
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Kirtland Temple | Historic site | 15,000 sq ft (1,394 m2) | 5.8 acres (23,472 m2) | March 27, 1836 | Joseph Smith | edit | |
Dedicated
| Image | Nº | Name | Status | Area | Dedication | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Floor | Site | Date | by | |||||
 |
1 | St. George Utah Temple[12] | Operating | 143,969 sq ft (13,375 m2) | 6.5 acres (26,305 m2) | April 6, 1877 | Daniel H. Wells | edit |
 |
2 | Logan Utah Temple[13] | Operating | 119,619 sq ft (11,113 m2) | 9 acres (36,422 m2) | May 17, 1884 | John Taylor | edit |
 |
3 | Manti Utah Temple[14] | Operating | 74,792 sq ft (6,948 m2) | 27 acres (109,265 m2) | May 21, 1888 | Lorenzo Snow | edit |
 |
4 | Salt Lake Temple[15] | Closed for renovation | 382,207 sq ft (35,508 m2) | 10 acres (40,469 m2) | April 6, 1893 | Wilford Woodruff | edit |
 |
5 | Laie Hawaii Temple | Operating | 42,100 sq ft (3,911 m2) | 11.4 acres (46,134 m2) | November 27, 1919 | Heber J. Grant | edit |
 |
6 | Cardston Alberta Temple | Operating | 88,562 sq ft (8,228 m2) | 10 acres (40,469 m2) | August 26, 1923 | Heber J. Grant | edit |
 |
7 | Mesa Arizona Temple | Operating | 113,916 sq ft (10,583 m2) | 20 acres (80,937 m2) | October 23, 1927 | Heber J. Grant[16] | edit |
 |
8 | Idaho Falls Idaho Temple | Operating | 116,250 sq ft (10,800 m2) | 7 acres (28,328 m2) | September 23, 1945 | George Albert Smith | edit |
 |
9 | Bern Switzerland Temple | Operating | 35,546 sq ft (3,302 m2) | 7 acres (28,328 m2) | September 11, 1955 | David O. McKay | edit |
 |
10 | Los Angeles California Temple | Operating | 190,614 sq ft (17,709 m2) | 13 acres (52,609 m2) | March 11, 1956 | David O. McKay | edit |
 |
11 | Hamilton New Zealand Temple | Operating | 45,251 sq ft (4,204 m2) | 86 acres (348,030 m2) | April 20, 1958 | David O. McKay | edit |
 |
12 | London England Temple | Operating | 42,652 sq ft (3,963 m2) | 32 acres (129,499 m2) | September 7, 1958 | David O. McKay | edit |
 |
13 | Oakland California Temple | Operating | 80,157 sq ft (7,447 m2) | 18.1 acres (73,248 m2) | November 17, 1964 | David O. McKay | edit |
.jpg) |
14 | Ogden Utah Temple | Operating | 112,232 sq ft (10,427 m2) | 9.96 acres (40,307 m2) | January 18, 1972 | Joseph Fielding Smith | edit |
.jpg) |
15 | Provo Utah Temple | Closed for renovation | 128,325 sq ft (11,922 m2) | 17 acres (68,797 m2) | February 9, 1972 | Joseph Fielding Smith | edit |
 |
16 | Washington D.C. Temple | Operating | 156,558 sq ft (14,545 m2) | 52 acres (210,437 m2) | November 19, 1974 | Spencer W. Kimball | edit |
 |
17 | São Paulo Brazil Temple | Operating | 59,246 sq ft (5,504 m2) | 1.85 acres (7,487 m2) | October 30, 1978 | Spencer W. Kimball | edit |
 |
18 | Tokyo Japan Temple | Operating | 53,997 sq ft (5,016 m2) | 1.22 acres (4,937 m2) | October 27, 1980 | Spencer W. Kimball | edit |
 |
19 | Seattle Washington Temple | Operating | 110,000 sq ft (10,219 m2) | 23.5 acres (95,101 m2) | November 17, 1980 | Spencer W. Kimball | edit |
 |
20 | Jordan River Utah Temple | Operating | 148,236 sq ft (13,772 m2) | 15 acres (60,703 m2) | November 16, 1981 | Marion G. Romney | edit |
 |
21 | Atlanta Georgia Temple | Operating | 34,500 sq ft (3,205 m2) | 9.6 acres (38,850 m2) | June 1, 1983 | Gordon B. Hinckley | edit |
| 22 | Apia Samoa Temple | Operating | 18,691 sq ft (1,736 m2) | 2 acres (8,094 m2) | August 5, 1983 | Gordon B. Hinckley | edit | |
 |
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