Phraortes

Phraortes
Phraortes
King of the Medes
Reign	678 – 625 BCE
Predecessor	Deioces
Successor	Cyaxares
Died	625 BCE
Dynasty	Median dynasty
Father	Deioces
Religion	Ancient Iranian religion

Phraortes (Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁, romanized: Fravartiš;^[1]^[2] Ancient Greek: Φραόρτης, romanized: Phraórtēs), son of Deioces, was the second king of the Median kingdom.

Like his father Deioces, Phraortes started wars against Assyria, but was defeated and killed by the Assyrian king, probably Ashurbanipal (r. 668-627 BCE).

Biography

All information about him is from Herodotus. According to him (1.102), Phraortes was the son of Deioces and united all Median tribes into a single state. He also subjugated the Persians and Parthians and other nations of ancient Iran. He ruled for twenty-two years (c. 675 – c. 653 BC), however, some scholars assume that he ruled for fifty-three years, c. 678 – c. 625. Phraortes is commonly identified with Kashtariti, a chieftain in Media, although some scholars consider such an identification doubtful. He was later succeeded by his son Cyaxares.^[3]

References

^ Akbarzadeh, D.; A. Yahyanezhad (2006). The Behistun Inscriptions (Old Persian Texts) (in Persian). Khaneye-Farhikhtagan-e Honarhaye Sonati. p. 87. ISBN 964-8499-05-5.
^ Kent, Ronald Grubb (c. 2006). Old Persian: Grammar, Text, Glossary (in Persian). translated into Persian by S. Oryan. p. 406. ISBN 964-421-045-X.
^ Medvedskaya, I. (20 July 2004). "PHRAORTES". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 18 December 2012.

External links

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Phraortes
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[1] Akbarzadeh, D.; A. Yahyanezhad (2006). The Behistun Inscriptions (Old Persian Texts) (in Persian). Khaneye-Farhikhtagan-e Honarhaye Sonati. p. 87. ISBN 964-8499-05-5.

[kent-p406-2] Kent, Ronald Grubb (c. 2006). Old Persian: Grammar, Text, Glossary (in Persian). translated into Persian by S. Oryan. p. 406. ISBN 964-421-045-X.

[3] Medvedskaya, I. (20 July 2004). "PHRAORTES". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 18 December 2012.

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[2]

[3]

v t e Median and Achaemenid kings
Family tree
Median (728–550 BC)	Deioces Phraortes Madyes Cyaxares Astyages
Achaemenid (550–330 BC)	Achaemenes Ariaramnes Arsames Teispes Cyrus I Cambyses I Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II) Cambyses II Smerdis Gaumata Darius the Great (Darius I) Xerxes the Great (Xerxes I) Artaxerxes I Xerxes II Sogdianus Darius II Nothus Artaxerxes II Mnemon Artaxerxes III Ochus Artaxerxes IV Arses Darius III Codomannus Artaxerxes V Bessus
Italics indicate kings not directly attested and so possibly legendary.

v t e Median topics
Language	Median language, Iranian language
Cities	Ecbatana (Hamadan) Rhagae (Shahre Rey, Tehran) Laodicea (Nahavand)
Battles involving Lydia	Eclipse of Thales
Battles involving Persia	Persian Revolt Battle of Hyrba Battle of the Persian Border Siege of Pasargadae Hill Battle of Pasargadae Fall of Ecbatana
Kings/Satraps	Deioces Phraortes Madyes Cyaxares Astyages Cyaxares II Darius the Mede
Other Medians	Amytis of Babylon Artembares Datis Gubaru Mazares Harpagus Aryenis Mandane
Lists	Monarchs of the Median dynasty
Related	Medism