Pub names are used to identify and differentiate traditional drinking establishments. Many pubs are centuries old, and were named at a time when most of their customers were illiterate, but could recognise pub signs. The use of signage was not confined to drinking establishments. British pubs may be named after and depict anything from everyday (particularly agricultural) objects, to sovereigns, aristocrats and landowners (shown by their coats of arms). Other names come from historic events, livery companies, occupations, sports, and craftsmen's guilds. One of the most common pub names is the Red Lion. This list contains both modern and historical examples.

Methodology

Although the word "the" appears on much pub signage, it is ignored in the following examples; the word "ye' is likewise ignored as it is only an archaic spelling of "the". "Y" represents an obsolete character (þ, the letter Thorn, which is nowadays used only in Icelandic) for the th sound. Its later forms resembled a blackletter y, and it was never pronounced with a y sound.^[1] Similarly, other archaic spellings such as "olde worlde" are not distinguished below.

Animals

Names like Fox and Hounds, Dog and Duck, Dog and Gun, Hare and Hounds, etc., refer to shooting and hunting.^[2][3] Animal names coupled with colours, such as White Hart and Red Lion, are often heraldic. A white hart featured as a badge of King Richard II, while a red lion was a badge of John of Gaunt and the Dukes of Bedford amongst others and a blue boar of the Earls of Oxford.^[4] Exceptions do exist, however, along with less obvious examples of the form - a combination of both features being Cross Foxes (a name most commonly found in rural Wales), referring to a darker-furred breed of the common Red Fox whose pelts were considered more valuable and sometimes worn as a sign of status.

• Bald Faced Stag Inn, Finchley. An inn notorious as frequented by murderers in the past.^[5]
• Barking Dogs, Hoxton (closed). (Also, various Barking Dog pubs.) Named after the canine burglar deterrents.^[6]
• Bear Inn, Reading.^[7]
• Black Bear, Walsoken : actually, had a black bear (stuffed) at the entrance to the premises years ago.^[8]
• Black Birds, Barnwell, Cambridgeshire. Named after the bird.^[9]
• Black Horse, Chester-le-Street : some may be named in memory of a black horse ridden by Dick Turpin, however many including this one predate the event.^[10]
• Bull Inn, Stamford : the town was the last in England to practice bull-running.^[11]
• Bustard Inn, South Rauceby (closed). After the bird of that name, once numerous.^[12]
• Chameleon, Wisbech (now closed).^[13]
• Crane, Cambridge. After the bird of that name, once numerous in The Fens. Crane is one of the nicknames for the inhabitants.^[14]
• Dog, Westhall, Suffolk.^[15]
• Dolphin, Wisbech, Isle of Ely (now closed) : dolphins were caught and presented to the lord of the manor in earlier times; however, it may just be a nautical reference to the port, or a corruption of "Dauphin" in honour of military victories over Napoleon in France (see later section).^[3]
• Dove, Ipswich : a biblical source.^[16]
• Four Swans, Butchers Market, Cambridge (closed down).^[17]
• Heathcock Tavern, Strand : named after a game bird.^[18]
• Lobster, Sheringham. Patronised by the lifeboat crew who formed the Shanty Men.^[19]
• Old Ram, Tivetshall St. Mary.^[20]
• Olde Fighting Cocks, St. Albans. Named after the cocks used in fights and for gambling.^[21]
• Ostrich Inn, Castle Acre. Named after the flightless bird.^[22]
• Packhorse and Pig, Aldergate Street, London ^[23]
• Pickerel Inn, Cambridge : named after young pike (Esox lucius).^[24]
• Py'd Bull, Lincoln (closed). This pub was advertised as convenient for drovers in the 18th century.^[25] The Pied Bull in Chester in reputed to be the oldest licensed house in the city and dates back to 1155.^[26]
• Pyewipe Inn, Lincoln. Pyewipe is the Lincolnshire dialect name for the lapwing.^[27][28]
• Red-Hart Inn, Petty Cury, Cambridge (closed). Claimed to have the only cockpit in the town.^[29]
• Rein Deer, Lincoln (closed).^[30]
• Roebuck Inn, Chesterton. Named after the male of the species Capreolus capreolus.^[31]
• String of Horses, Spalding (closed).^[32]
• Swan and Falcon Inn, Gloucester (closed).^[33]
• Ugly Bug, Colton.^[34]

Branding

Some pub chains in the UK adopt the same or similar names for many pubs as a means of brand expression. Examples include "The Moon Under Water", commonly used by the JD Wetherspoon chain (and inspired by George Orwell's 1946 essay in the Evening Standard, "The Moon Under Water"), and the "Tap and Spile" brand name used by the now defunct Century Inns chain.^[35][36] The "Slug and Lettuce" is another example of a chain of food-based pubs with a prominent brand; founder Hugh Corbett had owned a small number of pubs, to which he gave humorous or nonsensical names, with the effect of differentiating them from competitors.^[37]

Found objects

Before painted inn signs became commonplace, medieval publicans often identified their establishments by hanging or standing a distinctive object outside the pub. A fictional example of this otherwise real-life practice can be found in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series of books, where the pub in Ankh Morpork starts off as The Drum, becomes The Broken Drum after a bar fight damages it and then in later books The Mended Drum. This tradition dates back to Roman times, when vine leaves were hung outside tabernae to show where wine was sold.^[38]

• Boot Inn, Whittlesea ^[39]
• Boot and Slipper, Amersham.^[40]
• Crooked Billet, Portsmouth St, London (a bent branch from a tree)^[41]
• Horne Inn, Wisbech. A former 15th century Inn. ^[42]

Sometimes the object was coloured, such as Blue Post or Blue Door.^[43]

Heraldry

Many pubs have heraldic names.

Items appearing in coats of arms

• Blue Boar, the name of many pubs in Westminster, Norwich, Billericay, Maldon, Witney and elsewhere, from the badge of the Earls of Oxford.^[4]
• Castle: sometimes originally referred to the Coat of Arms of Castile in Spain, and meant that Spanish wines were available within.^[44]
• Checkers or Chequer(s), March, Isle of Ely and many other sites : sometimes derived from the coat of arms of a local landowner (see Chequy), this name and sign originated in ancient Rome when a chequer board indicated that a bar also provided banking services. The checked board was used as an aid to counting and is the origin of the word exchequer. The last pub to use the older, now American spelling of checker was in Baldock, Hertfordshire, but this closed circa 1990; all pubs now use the modern "q" spelling (but see also Chequers, in Plants and horticulture below).^[45]
• Cross Keys, Wisbech, derived from the town's coat of arms and the town's church of SS. Peter & Paul.^[3]
• Eagle and Child, Oxford, derived from the arms of the Earls of Derby, was a meeting place of the Inklings.
• Rampant Horse (earlier Ramping Horse), Norwich : horses are popular pub signs and names.^[46]
• Red Lion is the name of over 600 pubs. It thus can stand for an archetypal British pub. The lion is one of the most common charges in coats of arms, second only to the cross, and thus the Red Lion as a pub sign probably has multiple origins: in the arms or crest of a local landowner, now perhaps forgotten; as a personal badge of John of Gaunt, founder of the House of Lancaster; or in the royal arms of Scotland, conjoined to the arms of England after the Stuart succession in 1603.^[47][4]
• Spread Eagle: from the heraldic depiction of an eagle 'displayed'; probably derived from the arms of Germany, indicating that German wines were available within.^[44]
• Swan, Wisbech a badge of many Lancastrian figures—see Dunstable Swan Jewel^[3]
• Talbot or Talbot Arms refers to an actual breed of hunting dog, now extinct, which is also a heraldic hound, and is the badge of the Talbot family, Earls of Shrewsbury. Old Talbot, Wisbech (now closed)^[3]
• White Hart: the livery badge of King Richard II of England. It became so popular as an inn sign in his reign that it was adopted by many later inns and taverns.^[4]

Livery companies

Names starting with the word "Three" are often based on the arms of a London Livery company or trade guild :

• Three Arrows: The Worshipful Company of Bowyers
• Three Bucks: The Worshipful Company of Leathersellers
• Three Castles: The Worshipful Company of Masons
• Three Compasses: The Worshipful Company of Carpenters^[48]
• Three Crowns: The Worshipful Company of Drapers, although it can also refer to the Magi, the Diocese of Ely or the three crowns of East Anglia.^[49]
• Three Cups: The Worshipful Company of Salters
• Three Fishes: The Worshipful Company of Fishmongers
• Three Goats' Heads: The Worshipful Company of Cordwainers
• Three Hammers: The Worshipful Company of Blacksmiths
• Three Horseshoes: The Worshipful Company of Farriers
• Three Tuns: The Brewers and the Worshipful Company of Vintners^[3]
• Three Wheatsheafs: The Worshipful Company of Bakers

Landowners

Many landowners' coats of arms appear as pub signs.

• Duke of Bedford, Wisbech, Isle of Ely: (now closed) named for the person draining the fens.^[3]
• Hardwicke Arms, Wisbech (now closed Down) - the Earl of Hardwicke KG MP being Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum.^[3]
• Osborne, Wisbech, Isle of Ely: (now closed) named for the residence of a local family.^[3]
• Prince Albert, Wisbech, Isle of Ely: (now closed) named for the prince consort.^[3]
• Queen Victoria, Wisbech, Isle of Ely : named for the monarch.^[3]
• Royal Standard, Wisbech, Isle of Ely : the monarch's personal flag.^[3]
• Stanley Arms, Huyton, near Liverpool: after Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby.
• Marshland Arms, Wisbech, Isle of Ely: (now closed) named for a nearby council.^[3]
• Melbourne Arms, Duston, Northampton: after former local landowner Lord Melbourne
• Tollemache, Grantham : named after Frederick Tollemache
• Wisbech Arms, Wisbech: (now closed) named for the local borough.^[3]

Occupations

See also Trades, tools and products below

Some "Arms" signs refer to working occupations. These may show people undertaking such work or the arms of the appropriate London livery company. This class of name may be only just a name but there are stories behind some of them. An "arms" name, too, can derive from a local authority.

• Blacksmiths Arms, various pubs with the pun of the actual blacksmiths arms and their strength.^[3]
• Brewers Arms, Wisbech. The town had and has several breweries.^[3]
• Carpenters Arms - A series of pubs, related to the occupation or more likely to the guild of carpenters.^[2]
• Cooper's Arms, Little Old Bailey - Worshipful Company of Coopers.^[50][51]
• Drover's Inn, Loch Lomond, Scotland. Named after the cattle drivers.^[52] Also an example in Caerleon, near Newport, Wales.^[53]
• Glazier's Arms, Stamford (closed).^[54]
• The Gravel Diggers, Cottenham (closed).^[55]
• Jolly Gardeners, Hertford (closed).^[56]
• Lathrenders' Arms, Wisbech, Isle of Ely. Nearby were lathe makers.^[3]
• Mason's Arms, Wisbech.^[3]
• Mechanics Arms (now renamed the Old Neighbourhood), near Stroud, Gloucestershire. In this context a mechanic was a bonesetter. Another was (now closed) in Stamford, Lincs ^[57]
• Millers Arms, Lincoln, Lincolnshire. Robert Taylor, the first publican in 1861, was a miller by trade.^[58]
• Ye Olde Murenger House, Newport, Wales: a murenger was a medieval person who collected tolls for the building or repair of town walls. The taxes were called a murage.^[59]
• Porters Arms, (Wisbech), Isle of Ely.^[3]
• Printers Arms, (Wisbech) owned by a local newspaper owner.^[3]
• Pyrotechnists' Arms, a local gunpowder maker.^[60]
• Ratcatchers, Cawston, Norfolk.^[61]
• Recruiting Sergeant, Newton Harcourt^[62]
• Ropers' Arms, Wisbech, Isle of Ely. Now closed. At least two rope walks in the town.^[3]
• Ship Carpenters' Arms, Wisbech named for local shipbuilders trades.^[3]
• Shipwrights' Arms, Wisbech named for the men employed in the local shipbuilders.^[3]
• Spinners' Arms, Hindley Green, Wigan.^[63]
• Wire Workers' Arms, St. Neots, Hunts.^[64]

Historic events

• Abdication, in Arnold : the reign and abdication of Edward VIII.^[65]
• Bhurtpore Inn, Aston, near Nantwich, Cheshire: commemorating the Siege of Bharatpur in Rajasthan, 1826.^[66] The Inn is on land formerly part of the estates of Lord Combermere, commander of British forces during the siege.

• Dolphin: often anglicised from the French Dauphin, commemorating battles in which England defeated France. These include "The Dolphin" in Wellington, Somerset which was named in honour of Wellington's victory at the Battle of Waterloo.^[67]
  See also: Dolphin Inn, Plymouth and Dolphin Inn, Bournemouth
  The village of Nash near Newport has a Waterloo Inn that is owned by the parish.^[68]
• Hand and Shears: this famous City of London pub got its name owing to Bartholomew Fair. Tailors would gather in the pub the night before the fair and wave their shears announcing that the fair should begin.^[69]
• Magna Charta in Lowdham, Nottinghamshire, has its name spelled differently from the historic document after which it is named.
• Man on the Moon, Northfield, Birmingham: originally called The Man in the Moon and renamed on the day of the first Moon landing in 1969.
• Battle of Minden, Portsmouth (closed): named after this historic military engagement.^[70]
• Rose and Crown: Edward III used a golden rose as a personal badge, and two of his sons adapted it by changing the colour: John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, used a red rose, and Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, used a white rose. The dynastic conflicts between their descendants are collectively called the Wars of the Roses. In 1485 Henry Tudor, a descendant of Lancaster, defeated Richard III of the York dynasty and married Richard's niece Elizabeth of York. Since then, the combined red-and-white Tudor rose, often crowned, has been a symbol of the monarchy of England.

• Royal Oak: After the Battle of Worcester (1651) in the English Civil War, the defeated Prince Charles escaped the scene with the Roundheads on his tail. He managed to reach Bishops Wood in Staffordshire, where he found an oak tree (now known as the Boscobel Oak near Boscobel House). He climbed the tree and hid in it for a day while his obviously short-sighted pursuers strolled around under the tree looking for him. The hunters gave up, Prince Charles came down and escaped to France (the Escape of Charles II). He became Charles II on the Restoration of the Monarchy. To celebrate this good fortune, 29 May (Charles' birthday) was declared Royal Oak Day and the pub name remembers this. The Royal Naval ship HMS Royal Oak gets its name from the same source. Early ships were built of the heartwood of oak.^{[citation needed]}

• Saracen's Head and Turk's Head: Saracens and Turks were among the enemies faced by Crusaders. This is also a reference to the Barbary pirates that raided the coasts from the Crusades until the early 19th century.^{[citation needed]}
• Trafalgar: commemorating the Battle of Trafalgar. There are many pubs called the Nelson, and an Emma Hamilton pub in Wimbledon Chase where Nelson lived with her. A famous pub is the Trafalgar Tavern, part of the Greenwich Maritime World Heritage site at Greenwich.^{[citation needed]}

Literature

Names from books

• Cat and Custard Pot in Shipton Moyne is said to originate from the book Handley Cross; or, Mr. Jorrock's hunt (1892) by R. S. Surtees.^[71]
• Jabez Clegg in Manchester, now closed, was named after the title character in Isabella Banks' novel The Manchester Man.^[72]
• Hobbit in Southampton, named after J. R. R. Tolkien's creation and threatened with legal action by US movie lawyers, because of this.^[73]
• Lass O' Gowrie in Manchester, named after the poem by Carolina Nairne.^[74]
• The Magwitch in Wisbech, named after Abel Magwitch in the Charles Dickens novel Great Expectations, the manuscript of which is in Wisbech & Fenland Museum.^[75]
• Moon and Sixpence pubs in Portland, Oregon; Whitby, North Yorkshire; Harrow, Middlesex; and Soho, London are named after Somerset Maugham's novel of the same name.^[76]
• Moon Under Water, inspired by George Orwell's essay describing his perfect pub^[77]
• Muppet Inn, Wisbech, Isle of Ely: (now the Globe) named for the TV series, books and comics.^[3]
• Paul Pry Inn, Peterborough. Named after the main character in the play of that name.^[78]
• Peveril of the Peak, in Manchester, commemorates a stagecoach that once connected Manchester and London, but the pub itself claims it is named for the novel by Sir Walter Scott.^[79]
• Sherlock Holmes in Charing Cross, London contains a reproduction of the great detective's study.^[80]
• Three Pigeons, Norwich and other locations. Used in a number of books and plays e.g. Charles Dickens' Our Mutual Friend (1864–65).^[81]
• Herbert Wells in Woking, a town that was fictionally destroyed by Martian invaders in H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds. A 25' (7.6-metre) tall statue of a Martian stands in Chobham Road in the town, and a Martian is depicted in a drawing in the pub.^[82]
• Edgar Wallace, The Strand, London, named for the 1930s mystery writer.^[83]
• John Masefield in New Ferry, named for the former Poet Laureate who served for some years on a naval training ship, HMS Conway, off New Ferry pier.^[84]
• Uncle Tom's Cabin, Reach, Cambridgeshire : from the book of that name.^[85]

Pubs in books from real-world pubs

• The Ivy Bush is a "small inn on the Bywater road" near Hobbiton in The Shire in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. Here Gaffer Gamgee recounted to the other regulars his stories about Bilbo and Frodo Baggins, who were about to throw a magnificent joint birthday party.^[86] The most likely real-world source is an Edgbaston pub called the Ivy Bush, near where Tolkien lived when he was growing up in Birmingham.^[87][88]
• The Fortune of War, Smithfield was located on "Pie Corner" (where the Great Fire of London stopped) and was frequented by Resurrectionists including the London Burkers, two of whom, John Bishop and Thomas Williams, were hanged for murder after they sold the bodies for dissection. The pub is mentioned in William Makepeace Thackeray's 1848 Vanity Fair.^[89]

Myths and legends

Images from myths and legends are evocative and memorable.

• Black Bess: usually named after the legendary overnight ride from London to York in 1737 by Dick Turpin on his Mare of this name. This fictional account was popularised in a novel, Rookwood (1834), resulting in a surge of Dick Turpin nostalgia and associated pub names.
• Brazen George Inn, Cambridge (closed). Named after England's patron Saint.^[90]
• The Bucket of Blood, is a public house in Phillack, Hayle, Cornwall, owned by St Austell Brewery. It is thought to be named after an incident where the landlord brought up a bucket of blood from the building's well, as a murdered smuggler had been dropped there.
• Fiddler's Green, a legendary place in the afterlife where existence consists of all leisure and no work.
• George and Dragon: St George is the patron saint of England and his conflict with a dragon is essential to his story. This sign is a symbol of English nationalism.
• Green Dragon, Wisbech, Wymondham etc.: a couple of a number of pubs of this name.^[91]
• Green Man: a spirit of the wild woods.^[92] The original images are in churches as a face peering through or made of leaves and petals; this character is the Will of the Wisp, the Jack of the Green. Some pub signs will show the green man as he appears in English traditional sword dances (in green hats). The Green Man is not the same character as Robin Hood, although the two may be linked. Some pubs which were the Green Man have become the Robin Hood; there are no pubs in Robin's own county of Nottinghamshire named the Green Man but there are Robin Hoods. The 1973 film The Wicker Man features a Green Man pub.
• Hob in the Well, King's Lynn: pubs of this name can come from Hobgoblin in the well or Dogget's play Flora: or, Hob in the Well (1748).^[93][94]
• The Lamb and Nettle : this mythical 'out of hours' premises was located in Scrimshires Passage, Wisbech. It also featured in The Phantom Pub, a poem by Geoff Hastings.^[95]
• Moonrakers: In the 17th century, some Wiltshire yokels hid their smuggled liquor in the Crammer (a pond in Devizes) and used rakes to recover their stash. They were caught in the act by customs officials, and they claimed they were trying to rake in a cheese, which was in fact the reflection of the full moon. The customs officials left thinking that the locals were a bit simple, whilst the locals recovered the smuggled goods without any more interference. The name Moonrakers has been used as a nickname for Wiltshire folk ever since and is the name of pubs in Devizes and Swindon.^{[citation needed]}
• Robin Hood, sometimes partnered by his second in charge to form the name Robin Hood and Little John. Other Robin Hood names can be found throughout Arnold, Nottinghamshire. These were given to pubs built in the new estates of the 1960s by the Home Brewery of Daybrook, Nottinghamshire: Arrow, Friar Tuck, Longbow, Maid Marian and Major Oak.
• Silent Woman, Quiet Lady or Headless Woman: The origin is uncertain, with various local stories, such as a landlady whose tongue was cut out by smugglers so she couldn't talk to the authorities,^[96] or a saint beheaded for her Christianity.^[97] The pub signs sometimes have an image of a decapitated woman or the couplet: "Here is a woman who has lost her head / She's quiet now—you see she's dead".^[97]

Paired names

Common enough today, the pairing of words in the name of an inn or tavern was rare before the mid-17th century, but by 1708 had become frequent enough for a pamphlet to complain of 'the variety and contradictory language of the signs', citing absurdities such as 'Bull and Mouth', 'Whale and Cow', and 'Shovel and Boot'. Two years later an essay in the Spectator echoed this complaint, deriding among others such contemporary paired names as 'Bell and Neat's Tongue', though accepting 'Cat and Fiddle'. A possible explanation for doubling of names is the combining of businesses, for example when a landlord of one pub moved to another premises. Fashion, as in the rise of intentionally amusing paired names like 'Slug and Lettuce' and 'Frog and Firkin' (see Puns, Jokes and Corruptions below) in the late 20th century, is responsible for many more recent pub names.^[98]

• Black Boy and Trumpet, Peterborough (now closed).^[99]
• Boot and Shoe in March, Isle of Ely^[100]
• Butcher and Beast, Heighington : claims to be the only one of this name in England.^[101]
• George and Vulture Tavern. St. Michael's Alley, Cornhill, London.^[102]
• Goat and Boot Inn, Colchester.^[103]
• Harp and Horn, Edgware Road: later the Welsh Harp, finally the Old Welsh Harp after another pub named the Welsh Harp was opened.^[104] The Welsh Harp railway station (now closed and demolished) was named after the pub (which closed in 1971).
• Lion and Adder, Northgate, Newark.^[105]
• Pink and Lily, Princes Risborough. Named after flowers.^[106]
• Plough and Sail, Marshland Smeeth (closed down).^[107]
• Red Lion and Chequer, Godmanchester. ^[108]
• Snipe and Duck, Exmoor Drive, Upwell (closed).^[109]
• Swan and Woolpack, near Stamford.^[110]

Personal names or titles

• Duke of Bedford, Wisbech.^[3]
• Rupert Brooke, Grantchester named after the soldier poet.^[112]
• Catherine Wheel, Henley-on-Thames, Manea and other locations: purportedly from Katherine Whele, in other locations evolved from The Wheel or other derivations.^[113]
• Clarkson, Wisbech, Isle of Ely: named for the local antislavery campaigner Thomas Clarkson.^[3]
• French Horn, Stepping : thought to be a corruption or nickname of 'Frenchman de Schorne'. However, there were also other pubs with this name e.g. Upton.^[114]
• Four Jacks, Wisbech. The former Shipwrights Arms. Renamed after the new landlord Jack Johnson and his three sons. The four playing cards were used in adverts etc.^[115]
• Garrick public house, Cambridge (closed down). Named after the famous actor. Linked to the 1876 murder of Emma Rolfe by Robert Browning.^[116]
• Hoste Arms, Burnham Market. Named for Sir George William Hoste, who served under Nelson.^[117]
• Marquis of Granby: a general in the 18th century. He showed a great concern for the welfare of his men upon their retirement and provided funds for many ex-soldiers to establish taverns, which were subsequently named after him.^[111]
• Hardwicke Arms, Wisbech : named after local nobility.^[3]
• Lord Nelson: Quite a common name (in various forms) throughout England but especially in Norfolk, where the admiral was born. The Hero of Norfolk at Swaffham, Norfolk, portrays Nelson as did Norfolk Hero at Wisbech.^[3]
• Jan's Place, Wisbech. Named by the landlady Janet Heasman. Now The Rose Tavern.^[118]
• John H Stracey, Brixton near Holt. 16th inn named after the former landlord, a boxer. Has now reverted to its former name.^[119]
• Rodney Inn, Wisbech. Named after Admiral Rodney the naval commander.^[120]
• Guy Earl of Warwick, in Welling, Dartford,^[121] dates from at least 1896.^[122] and is thought to be the "Halfway House" which appears in Charles Dickens' 1861 Great Expectations.^[123]
• Sir Norman Wisdom, Deal, Kent. Named after the actor who worked as an errand boy locally.^[124]
• The Shakespeare, Redland, Shakespeare's Tree, Bidford-on-Avon, Warwickshire: Used to celebrate the Bard's genius.^[125][126]
• Walpole Arms, Itteringham. Named after Robert Walpole, Britain's first prime minister.^[127]
• General Wolfe, Laxfield : named after the military hero.^[128]

Places

• The Australia Inn, Tydd St. Giles (closed) supposedly named as the intended destination of a former occupant.^[129]
• The Chislett, Long Sutton, Lincolnshire. Formerly The Ship, the pub was renamed by the new owners after their relations originating from the village of Chislett in Kent.^[130]
• Horse Shoe Hole Inn, Leverington was located near the River Nene horse shoe feature.^[3]
• Tavistock Inn, as for example at Poundsgate, Dartmoor.^[131]
• Twelve Pins or Na Beanna Beola (Finsbury Park, London): the Twelve Pins mountain range in the west of Ireland.^[132]

Plants and horticulture

The most common tree-based pub name is the Royal Oak, which refers to a Historical event.^{[citation needed]}

• Artichoke Tavern, Blackwall refers to a plant.^[133]
• Flower Pot, Mirfield, Maidstone, Kent, Aston, Oxfordshire, Henley-on-Thames and Wisbech, Isle of Ely.^[3] Flowerpots, Cheriton, Hampshire.
• Hand and Flower, Hammersmith, London, also Ham, Surrey. Hand and Flowers, Marlow.
• Rose Tavern, a pub in Wisbech, Isle of Ely.^[3]
• Vine or Grapes possibly harks back to the Roman custom of displaying a vine outside a tavern or wine-shop, as in The Hoop and Grapes in Aldgate High Street, London (reputed to be the city's oldest pub) and the Vine, Wisbech (now closed).^[3]
• Wheatsheaf, a Wetherspoon pub in Wisbech.^[3]
• Yew Tree, Bassingbourne. Named for Taxus baccata the English Yew.^[134]

Controversial

• All Labour In Vain or Labour In Vain. At various locations. Probably of Biblical origins, in past times the name was often illustrated by a person trying to scrub the blackness off a black child. Such signs have been mostly replaced with more innocuous depictions of wasted effort.^[135]
• There are numerous old pubs and inns in England with the name of the Black Boy(s), many now claimed to refer either to child chimneysweeps or coal miners, or to a (genuine) historic description of King Charles II. The Black Boy Inn in Caernarfon, North Wales, has received at least a dozen complaints from visitors over the name, which dates back at least 250 years.^[136] In 2021 brewer Greene King changed the names of three pubs called The Black Boy, and another called The Black's Head.^[137]
• The Black Bitch, a pub in Linlithgow, West Lothian, is named after the local legend of a black greyhound who is said to have repeatedly swum to an island in the town's loch to bring food to its imprisoned master, only to suffer the same fate when its efforts were discovered. The pub's name has caused more than a few surprised tourists to question the name or decry it as racist.^[138]

The pub itself

The pub building

• Hippodrome : a former cinema. This March, Isle of Ely premises was once a cinema.^[139]
• Hole in the Wall. The official name or nickname of a number of very small pubs. One such at Waterloo, London, is spacious but built into a railway viaduct. The Hole in the Wall, Gibraltar was an iconic bar well frequented by the navy workers.^[140]
• Hundred House Inn (later Hotel), Great Witley. The hotel name originates from centuries ago when the Hundred House was a collecting house for the tithes gathered from districts in the Doddingtree Hundred.^[141]
• Lattice House, King's Lynn. Historic pub named for its timbered structure.^[142]
• Porch House, Stow-on-the-Wold. Named after the front of the building.^[143]
• The Steps, Glasgow. Named after the steps outside.^[144]
• Thatched House Tavern, Cambridge, named after the building.^[145]
• Three Legged Mare, High Petergate, York, named after the design of a gallows, an example of which may be found in the pub's garden; affectionately known as the Wonky Donkey.^[146][147]
• Vaults, a number of pubs, not all having vaults as an architectural feature; the word also had the general meaning of 'storeroom'.^[148]

Services provided by the pub

• Coach & Horses, for a coaching inn^[2]
• Farriers Arms, for a pub with a farrier who could re-shoe the traveller's horses^[2]
• Free Press, named for when part of the building in Cambridge was used to print a newspaper.^[149]
• Horse & Groom, where the traveller's horse would be cared for while the traveller drank^[2]
• Pewter Platter, Cross Street, Hatton Gardens (now closed), for a pub where meals were served.^[150]
• Stilton Cheese Inn : named for the cheese sold locally that led to the cheese acquiring its name of Stilton cheese.^[151]
• Wheelwrights, for a pub where a coach's wheels could be repaired or replaced^[2]

Beer and wine

Many traditional pub names allude to the beer available inside, or items used in its production like the Hop Pole and the Barley Mow.^[152]

• Barley Mow:^[152] a stack (or sheaf) of barley, the principal grain from which beer is made.^[153]
• Three Barrels: containers for beer.^[152]
• Brewery Tap: A pub originally found on site or adjacent to a brewery and often showcasing its products to visitors.^[154]
• Burton Stingo, Wisbech thought to be named after the Burton ales and Stingo on sale within.^[3]
• Bushel (and New Bushel), Wisbech, Isle of Ely: named after a unit of volume used in a corn exchange to trade including barley used in brewing.^[3]
• Cock and Bottle, or simply Cock: The stopcock used to serve beer from a barrel, and a beer bottle.^[155]
• (Sir) John Barleycorn: A character of English traditional folk music and folklore, similar to a Green Man. He is annually cut down at the ankles, thrashed, but always reappears—an allegory of growth and harvest based on barley.^[156]
• Leather(n) Bottle: A container in which a small amount of beer or wine was transported, now replaced by a glass bottle or can.^[3]
• Malt Shovel: A shovel used in a malting to turn over the barley grain.^[157]
• Mash Tun: a brewery vessel used to mix grains with water.^[158]
• Pint Shop : unit of volume.^[159]
• Three Tuns: Based on the arms of two City of London guilds, the Worshipful Company of Vintners and the Worshipful Company of Brewers.
• The Tankard, London. Named after the drinks container.^[160]

Food

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Pub_names
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