A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
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| Type | Daily newspaper |
|---|---|
| Format | Tabloid |
| Owner(s) | NYP Holdings, Inc. (News Corp) |
| Founder(s) | Alexander Hamilton (as The New-York Evening Post) |
| Publisher | Sean Giancola[1] |
| Editor | Keith Poole |
| Sports editor | Christopher Shaw |
| Founded | November 16, 1801 (as The New-York Evening Post) |
| Language | English |
| Headquarters | 1211 Avenue of the Americas New York City 10036 United States |
| Country | United States |
| Circulation | 146,649 Average print circulation[2] |
| ISSN | 1090-3321 (print) 2641-4139 (web) |
| OCLC number | 12032860 |
| Website | nypost |
The New York Post (NY Post) is an American conservative[3] daily tabloid newspaper published in New York City. The Post also operates three online sites: NYPost.com;[4] PageSix.com, a gossip site; and Decider.com, an entertainment site.
The newspaper was founded in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton, a Federalist and Founding Father who was appointed the nation's first Secretary of the Treasury by George Washington. The newspaper became a respected broadsheet in the 19th century, under the name New York Evening Post.[5] Its most notable 19th-century editor was William Cullen Bryant.
In the mid-20th century, the newspaper was owned by Dorothy Schiff, who developed the tabloid format that has been used since by the newspaper. In 1976, Rupert Murdoch's News Corp bought the Post for US$30.5 million (equivalent to $163 million in 2023).[6][7]
The New York Post is the ninth-largest circulation newspaper in the U.S. as of 2023.[8]
History
19th century
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The Post was founded by Alexander Hamilton with about US$10,000 (equivalent to $183,120 in 2023)[6] from a group of investors in the autumn of 1801 as the New-York Evening Post,[9] a broadsheet. Hamilton's co-investors included other New York members of the Federalist Party, including Robert Troup and Oliver Wolcott[10] who were dismayed by the election of Thomas Jefferson as U.S. president and the rise in popularity of the Democratic-Republican Party.[11]: 74 At a meeting held at Archibald Gracie's weekend villa, which is now Gracie Mansion, Hamilton recruited the first investors for the new paper.[12] Hamilton chose William Coleman as his first editor.[11]: 74
The most notable 19th-century Evening Post editor was the poet and abolitionist William Cullen Bryant.[11]: 90 So well respected was the Evening Post under Bryant's editorship, it received praise from the English philosopher John Stuart Mill, in 1864.[13]
In addition to literary and drama reviews, William Leggett began to write political editorials for the Post. Leggett's espoused a fierce opposition to central banking and support for the organization of labor unions. He was a member of the Equal Rights Party. In 1831, he became a co-owner and editor of the Post,[citation needed] eventually working as sole editor of the newspaper while Bryant traveled in Europe in 1834 and 1835.[14]
Two additional co-owners of the paper were John Bigelow and Issac Henderson.[15] Born in Malden-on-Hudson, New York, Bigelow graduated in 1835 from Union College, where he was a member of the Sigma Phi Society and the Philomathean Society,[16] and was admitted to the bar in 1838.[15]
From 1849 to 1861, he was one of the editors and co-owners of the Evening Post.[15] [17]
In 1877, this led to the involvement of his son Isaac Henderson Jr., who became the paper's publisher, stockholder, and member of its board, just five years after graduating from college.[18] Henderson Sr.'s 33-year tenure with the Evening Post ended in 1879, when it was learned that he had defrauded Bryant the entire time.[17] Henderson Jr. sold his interest in the newspaper in 1881.[18]
In 1881, Henry Villard took control of the Evening Post and The Nation, which became the Post's weekly edition. With this acquisition, the paper was managed by the triumvirate of Carl Schurz, Horace White, and Edwin L. Godkin.[19] When Schurz left the paper in 1883, Godkin became editor-in-chief.[20] White became editor-in-chief in 1899, and remained in that role until his retirement in 1903.[21][22]
In 1897, both publications passed to the management of Villard's son, Oswald Garrison Villard,[23] a founding member of both the NAACP[24] and the American Anti-Imperialist League.[11]: 257
20th century
Villard sold the newspaper in 1918 following widespread allegations of pro-German sympathies during World War I hurt the newspaper's circulation. The new owner was Thomas Lamont, a senior partner in the Wall Street firm of J.P. Morgan & Co. Unable to stem the paper's financial losses, he sold it to a consortium of 34 financial and reform political leaders, headed by Edwin Francis Gay, dean of the Harvard Business School, whose members included Franklin D. Roosevelt.
In 1924, conservative Cyrus H. K. Curtis,[25] publisher of the Ladies Home Journal, purchased the Evening Post[26] and briefly turned it into a non-sensational tabloid nine years later, in 1933.[26]
In 1928, Wilella Waldorf became drama editor at the Evening Post. She was one of the first women to hold an editorial role at the newspaper,[27] During her time at the Evening Post, she was the only female first-string critic on a New York newspaper.[28] She was preceded by Clara Savage Littledale, the first woman reporter ever hired by the Post and the editor of the woman's page in 1914.[29]
In 1934, J. David Stern purchased the paper, changed its name to the New York Post,[26] and restored its broadsheet size and liberal perspective.[11]: 292 For four months of that same year, future U.S. Senator from Alaska Ernest Gruening was an editor of the paper.
In 1939, Dorothy Schiff purchased the paper. Her husband George Backer was named editor and publisher.[30] Her second editor and third husband Ted Thackrey became co-publisher and co-editor with Schiff in 1942.[31] Together, they recast the newspaper into its modern-day tabloid format.[11]: 556
In 1948, The Bronx Home News merged with it.[32] In 1949, James Wechsler became editor of the paper, running both the news and the editorial pages. In 1961, he turned over the news section to Paul Sann and stayed on as editorial page editor until 1980.
Under Schiff's tenure the Post was seen to have liberal tilt, supporting trade unions and social welfare, and featured some of the most popular columnists of the time, such as Joseph Cookman, Drew Pearson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Max Lerner, Murray Kempton, Pete Hamill, and Eric Sevareid, theatre critic Richard Watts Jr., and gossip columnist Earl Wilson.
In November 1976, it was announced that Australian Rupert Murdoch had bought the Post from Schiff with the intention that Schiff would be retained as a consultant for five years.[33] In 2005, it was reported that Murdoch bought the newspaper for US$30.5 million.[7]
The Post at this point was the only surviving afternoon daily in New York City and its circulation under Schiff had grown by two-thirds, particularly after the failure of the competing World Journal Tribune; however, the rising cost of operating an afternoon daily in a city with worsening daytime traffic congestion, combined with mounting competition from expanded local radio and TV news cut into the Post's profitability, though it made money from 1949 until Schiff's final year of ownership, when it lost $500,000. The paper has lost money ever since.[11]: 74
In late October 1995, the Post announced plans to change its Monday through Saturday publication schedule and begin issuing a Sunday edition,[34] which it last published briefly in 1989.[35]
On April 14, 1996, the Post delivered its new Sunday edition at the cost of 50 cents per paper by keeping its size to 120 pages.[36] The amount, significantly less than Sunday editions from The New York Daily News and The New York Times, was part of the Post's efforts "to find a niche in the nation's most competitive newspaper market".[37][36]
Because of the institution of federal regulations limiting media cross-ownership after Murdoch's purchase of WNEW-TV, which is now WNYW, and four other stations from Metromedia to launch the Fox Broadcasting Company, Murdoch was forced to sell the paper for $37.6 million in 1988 (equivalent to $96.9 million in 2023)[6] to Peter S. Kalikow, a real-estate magnate with no experience in the media industry.[38]
In 1988, the Post hired Jane Amsterdam, founding editor of Manhattan, inc., as its first female editor, and within six months the paper had toned down the sensationalist headlines.[39]
Within a year, Amsterdam was forced out by Kalikow, who reportedly told her "credible doesn't sell...Your big scoops are great, but they don't sell more papers."[40]
In 1993, after Kalikow declared bankruptcy,[38] the paper was temporarily managed by Steven Hoffenberg,[38] a financier who later pleaded guilty to securities fraud,[41] and for two weeks by Abe Hirschfeld,[42] who made his fortune building parking garages.
Following a staff revolt against the Hoffenberg-Hirschfeld partnership, which included publication of an issue whose front page featured the iconic masthead picture of founder Alexander Hamilton with a single teardrop running down his cheek,[43][44] the Post was again purchased in 1993 by Murdoch's News Corporation. This came about after numerous political officials, including Democratic governor of New York Mario Cuomo, persuaded the Federal Communications Commission to grant Murdoch a permanent waiver from the cross-ownership rules that had forced him to sell the paper five years earlier. Without this FCC ruling, the paper would have shut down.[38]
21st century
In December 2012, Murdoch announced that Jesse Angelo had been appointed publisher.[45]
Various branches of Murdoch's media groups, 21st Century Fox's Endemol Shine North America, and News Corp's New York Post created a Page Six TV nightly gossip show based on and named after the Post's gossip section. A test run in July would occur on Fox Television Stations.[46]
The show garnered the highest ratings of a nationally syndicated entertainment newsmagazine in a decade when it debuted in 2017.[47] With Page Six TV's success, the New York Post formed New York Post Entertainment, a scripted and unscripted television entertainment division, in July 2018 with Troy Searer as president.[48]
In 2017, the New York Post was reported to be the preferred newspaper of U.S. president Donald Trump,[49][50] who maintains frequent contact with its owner Murdoch.[50] The Post promoted Trump's celebrity since at least the 1980s.[51]
In October 2020, the Post endorsed Trump for re-election, citing his "promises made, promises kept" policy.[52]
Weeks after Trump was defeated and sought to overturn the election results, the Post published a front-page editorial, asking Trump to "stop the insanity", stating that he was "cheering for an undemocratic coup", writing, "If you insist on spending your final days in office threatening to burn it all down, that will be how you are remembered. Not as a revolutionary, but as the anarchist holding the match." The Post characterized Trump attorney Sidney Powell as a "crazy person", and his former national security advisor Michael Flynn's suggestion to declare martial law as "tantamount to treason."[53][54]
In January 2021, Keith Poole, a top editor at The Sun, another Murdoch-owned tabloid, was appointed as the editor in chief[55] of the New York Post Group.[56][57] Around the same time, at least eight journalists had left the paper.[57]
Content, coverage and criticism
| This article is part of a series on |
| Conservatism in the United States |
|---|
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The Post has been criticized since the beginning of Murdoch's ownership for sensationalism, blatant advocacy, and conservative bias. In 1980, the Columbia Journalism Review stated that the "New York Post is no longer merely a journalistic problem. It is a social problem—a force for evil."[58]
The Post has been accused of contorting its news coverage to suit Murdoch's business needs, in particular avoiding subjects which could be unflattering to the government of the People's Republic of China, where Murdoch has invested heavily in satellite television.[59]
In a 2019 article in The New Yorker, Ken Auletta wrote that Murdoch "doesn't hesitate to use the Post to belittle his business opponents", and went on to say that Murdoch's support for Edward I. Koch while he was running for mayor of New York "spilled over onto the news pages of the Post, with the paper regularly publishing glowing stories about Koch and sometimes savage accounts of his four primary opponents."[60]
According to The New York Times, Ronald Reagan's campaign team credited Murdoch and the Post for his victory in New York in the 1980 United States presidential election.[61] Reagan later "waived a prohibition against owning a television station and a newspaper in the same market", allowing Murdoch to continue to control the New York Post and The Boston Herald while expanding into television.
In 1997, Post executive editor Steven D. Cuozzo responded to criticism by saying that the Post "broke the elitist media stranglehold on the national agenda."[62]
In a 2004 survey conducted by Pace University, the Post was rated the least-credible major news outlet in New York, and the only news outlet to receive more responses calling it "not credible" than credible (44% not credible to 39% credible).[63]
The Post commonly publishes news reports based entirely on reporting from other sources without independent corroboration. In January 2021, the paper forbade the use of CNN, MSNBC, The Washington Post, and The New York Times as sole sources for such stories.[64]
Style
Murdoch imported the tabloid journalism style of many of his Australian and British newspapers, such as The Sun, which remains one of the highest selling daily newspapers in the United Kingdom. This style was typified[65] by the Post's famous headlines such as "Headless body in topless bar" (written by Vincent Musetto). In its 35th-anniversary edition, New York magazine listed this as one of the greatest headlines. It also has five other Post headlines in its "Greatest Tabloid Headlines" list.[66]
The Post has also been criticized for incendiary front-page headlines, such as one referring to the co-chairmen of the Iraq Study Group—James Baker and Lee Hamilton—as "surrender monkeys",[67] and another on the murder of landlord Menachem Stark reading "Slumlord found burned in dumpster. Who didn't want him dead?"[68]
Page Six
The gossip section Page Six was created by James Brady.[69] Columnist Richard Johnson edited Page Six for 25 years[70] before British journalist Emily Smith replaced him in 2009.[71]
In June 2022, Smith was replaced by her deputy, Ian Mohr.[72] February 2006 saw the debut of Page Six Magazine, distributed free inside the paper. In September 2007, it started to be distributed weekly in the Sunday edition of the paper. In January 2009, publication of Page Six Magazine was cut to four times a year.[73]
Beginning with the 2017–18 television season, a daily syndicated series known as Page Six TV came to air, produced by 20th Television, which was part of the 21st Century Fox side of Rupert Murdoch's holdings, and Endemol Shine North America. The show was originally hosted by comedian John Fugelsang, with contributions from Page Six and Post writers (including Carlos Greer), along with regular panelists Elizabeth Wagmeister from Variety and Bevy Smith. In March 2018, Fugelsang left the show, with the expectation that a new host would be named, though by the end of the season, it was announced that Wagmeister, Greer and Smith would be retained as equal co-hosts.[74]
In April 2019, it was confirmed that the series would end after May 2019; by then, it was last in average viewership out of all U.S. syndicated newsmagazine programs, behind the similar tabloid-inspired program Daily Mail TV.[75]
Erroneous reporting and defamation cases arising from bombings
Richard Jewell, a security guard wrongly suspected of being the Centennial Olympic Park bomber, sued the Post in 1998, alleging that the newspaper had libeled him in several articles, headlines, photographs, and editorial cartoons. U.S. District Judge Loretta Preska largely denied the Post's motion to dismiss, allowing the suit to proceed.[76] The Post subsequently settled the case for an undisclosed sum.[77]
In several stories on the day of the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, the Post inaccurately reported that twelve people had died, and that a Saudi national had been taken into custody as a suspect, which was denied by the Boston Police Department.[78][79] Three days later, on April 18, the Post featured a full-page cover photo of two young men at the Boston marathon with the headline "Bag Men" (a term that implies criminality) and erroneously claimed they were being sought by police.[79][80][81] The men, Salaheddin Barhoum and Yassine Zaimi, were not considered suspects, and the Post was heavily criticized for the apparent accusation.[80][82] Then-editor Col Allan defended the story, saying they had not referred to the men as "suspects".[80][83] The two men later sued the Post for libel,[84][85][86] and the suit was settled in 2014 on undisclosed terms.[87][88][89]
Accusations of racism
In 1989, the Post described the five black and Latino teenagers arrested following the rape and assault of a white woman in Central Park as coming "from a world of crack, welfare, guns, knives, indifference, and ignorance a land of no fathers", and having set out "to smash, hurt, rob, stomp, rape" people who were "rich" and "white".[90][91][92] The teenagers' convictions were later overturned after the confession of a serial rapist, which was confirmed with DNA evidence.
In 2006, several Asian-American advocacy groups protested the use of the headline "Wok This Way" for a Post article about U.S. president George W. Bush's meeting with Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China.[93]
In 2009, the Post ran a cartoon by Sean Delonas of a white police officer saying to another white police officer who has just shot a chimpanzee on the street: "They'll have to find someone else to write the next stimulus bill." The cartoon dually referred to U.S. president Obama and to the recent rampage of Travis, a former chimpanzee actor. It was criticized as racist,[94] with civil rights activist Al Sharpton calling the cartoon "troubling at best given the historic racist attacks of African-Americans as being synonymous with monkeys."[95]
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