This help page is a how-to guide. It details processes or procedures of some aspect(s) of Wikipedia's norms and practices. It is not one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines, and may reflect varying levels of consensus and vetting.

Shortcut WP:NFN

This page in a nutshell: Footnotes placed within footnotes may appear in the same list as the containing footnotes, or in a separate list. There are various choices in layout and formatting. In some cases, markup using <ref></ref> tags will cause an error message.

This page explains how to "nest" footnotes (references or notes) in Wikipedia articles, i.e. how to create a footnote within a footnote. It reflects the way the MediaWiki software operates as of July 2015.

Instructions on this page may not work with VisualEditor. If you have opted in, you can use either VisualEditor or classic editing through wiki markup (wikitext) to edit most pages. The directions on this page, especially about what codes to type to produce formatting effects, are predominantly geared toward wikitext editing. For instructions on editing with VisualEditor, see Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide.

Footnotes: reminder

Footnotes are used most commonly to provide:

• References to reliable sources, published in print or online
• Notes containing supplementary content.