Zizeeria karsandra

Dark grass blue
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Lycaenidae
Genus:	Zizeeria
Species:	Z. karsandra
Binomial name
	Zizeeria karsandra; (Moore, 1865)
Synonyms
	Polyommatus karsandra Moore, 1865;

Zizeeria karsandra, the dark grass blue,^[1] is a small butterfly first described by Frederic Moore in 1865. It is found from the southern Mediterranean, in a broad band to India,^[1] Sri Lanka, the Andaman and Nicobar islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia,^[2] Yunnan, Indonesia, the Philippines, Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Oman, New Guinea and northern and eastern Australia.^[3] It belongs to the lycaenids or blues family, and the tribe Polyommatini.^[4]

Description

Frederic Moore described this species on 1865 as: "Upperside purple-brown. Underside greyish brown, exterior margins defined by a brown line: fore wing with a spot within discoidal cell, a discocellular streak, a spot above it, and a transverse discal series of six spots black, each encircled with white; a marginal and submarginal row of pale brown, white-bordered lunules: hind wing with a series of twelve black spots, and a pale discocellular streak, encircled with white; a marginal row of pale brown, whitish-encircled spots, and a submarginal row of whitish lunules: cilia greyish brown."^[5]^[6]

Food plants

The recorded food plants include:^[7]

Zornia diphylla
Amaranthus viridis (in association with the ant Tapinoma melanocephalum)
Amaranthus tricolor
Amaranthus viridis
Melilotus indica
Medicago sativa
Zornia diphylla
Trifolium alexandrinum
Glinus lotoides
Tribulus cistoides
Tribulus terrestris

Gallery

Upperside (male)
Upperside (female)
In Hyderabad, India

References

^ ^a ^b R. K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 135. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
^ Fleming, W. A. (1975). Butterflies of West Malaysia & Singapore ISBN 0-900848-71-5
^ Parsons, M. (1999). The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-545555-0
^ Eliot, J. N. (1973). "The higher classification of the Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera): a tentative arrangement". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology. 28: 371-505.
^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Moore, Frederic (1865). "List of diurnal Lepidoptera collected by Capt. A.M. Lang in the N. W. Himalayas". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1865 (2): 505. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
^ Swinhoe, Charles (1905–1910). Lepidoptera Indica: Volume VII. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 258–260.
^ Savela, Markku (November 17, 2018). "Zizeeria karsandra (Moore, 1865)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved January 10, 2020.

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[Smetacek-1] R. K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 135. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.

[2] Fleming, W. A. (1975). Butterflies of West Malaysia & Singapore ISBN 0-900848-71-5

[3] Parsons, M. (1999). The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-545555-0

[4] Eliot, J. N. (1973). "The higher classification of the Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera): a tentative arrangement". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology. 28: 371-505.

[Moore-5] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Moore, Frederic (1865). "List of diurnal Lepidoptera collected by Capt. A.M. Lang in the N. W. Himalayas". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1865 (2): 505. Retrieved 10 May 2018.

[SwinhoeIndica-6] Swinhoe, Charles (1905–1910). Lepidoptera Indica: Volume VII. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 258–260.

[Savela-7] Savela, Markku (November 17, 2018). "Zizeeria karsandra (Moore, 1865)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved January 10, 2020.

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[2]

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Taxon identifiers
Zizeeria karsandra	Wikidata: Q1768144 Wikispecies: Zizeeria karsandra AFD: Zizeeria_karsandra BioLib: 51422 BOLD: 259026 CoL: 5D5T3 EoL: 264234 EUNIS: 90609 Fauna Europaea: 441129 Fauna Europaea (new): 58146347-affd-4c9a-aa16-5c9f7bcbbe90 GBIF: 1933647 iNaturalist: 125512 IRMNG: 10291648 LepIndex: 206744 MaBENA: ZizeeKarsa NCBI: 465739 Observation.org: 81152 Open Tree of Life: 300668
Polyommatus karsandra	Wikidata: Q109585260 GBIF: 5772795

Dark grass blue

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Lycaenidae
Genus:	Zizeeria
Species:	Z. karsandra
Binomial name
*Zizeeria karsandra* (Moore, 1865)
Synonyms
Polyommatus karsandra Moore, 1865

Description

Food plants

Gallery

See also

References