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Bømlo Municipality
Bømlo kommune | |
|---|---|
| Bømmel herred (historic name) | |
 View of southern Bømlo | |
 Flag | |
 Vestland within Norway | |
 Bømlo within Vestland | |
| Coordinates: 59°46′46″N 05°13′06″E / 59.77944°N 5.21833°E | |
| Country | Norway |
| County | Vestland |
| District | Sunnhordland |
| Established | 1 January 1916 |
| • Preceded by | Finnås Municipality |
| Administrative centre | Svortland |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2023) | Morten Helland (KrF) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 246.58 km2 (95.21 sq mi) |
| • Land | 235.46 km2 (90.91 sq mi) |
| • Water | 11.12 km2 (4.29 sq mi) 4.5% |
| • Rank | #289 in Norway |
| Population (2023) | |
| • Total | 12,132 |
| • Rank | #97 in Norway |
| • Density | 51.5/km2 (133/sq mi) |
| • Change (10 years) |  +4.2% |
| Demonym | Bømling[1] |
| Official language | |
| • Norwegian form | Nynorsk |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| ISO 3166 code | NO-4613[3] |
| Website | Official website |
Bømlo (/ˈbʌmˌloʊ/) is a municipality in the southwestern part of Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Svortland. Other villages in Bømlo include Mosterhamn, Rubbestadneset, Lykling, and Langevåg. Most of the municipal residents live on the island of Bømlo, which makes up the majority of the land in the municipality.
Bømlo was actively involved in the Shetland bus operation during the Second World War. A 23-year-old male from Bømlo, Nils Nesse, was the first of the Shetland Bus men to be killed.
The 247-square-kilometre (95 sq mi) municipality is the 289th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Bømlo is the 97th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 12,132. The municipality's population density is 51.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (133/sq mi) and its population has increased by 4.2% over the previous 10-year period.[4][5]
General information
The municipality of Bømlo was established on 1 July 1916 when the old municipality of Finnås was divided into three smaller municipalities: Bømlo, Bremnes, and Moster. Initially, the municipality encompassed the southern part of the island of Bømlo and it had a population of 1,217. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1963, the municipalities of Bremnes (population: 4,829) and Moster (population: 1,834) were merged with Bømlo (population: 1,463) which together formed a new, larger municipality called Bømlo. On 1 January 1970, a small area along the Valvatnavågen bay on the island of Stord was transferred from Bømlo to the neighboring Stord Municipality. On 1 January 1995, the islands of Aga, Agasystra, Gisøya, Vikøya, Selsøy, Risøya, and many smaller surrounding islands (population: 225) were transferred from the neighboring Fitjar Municipality to Bømlo. These islands had recently been connected to Bømlo by road bridges which precipitated the municipal transfer.[6]
Name
The municipality is named after the main island of Bømlo (Old Norse: Bymbil). The name is possibly derived from the word bembel which means "navel" or "stomach", referring to the "thick" or "swollen" mountain formation of Siggjo. Another possibility is that the name is referring to Bǫmburr, the name of a mythological Norse dwarf.[7] Historically, the name of the municipality was spelled Bømmel. On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to Bømlo.[8]
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 29 February 1980. The official blazon is "Gules, a sea-leaf argent" (Norwegian: Eit kvitt sjøblad på raud botn). This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is the leaf of a water lily interlaced with a trefoil. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The trefoil symbolizes the three former municipalities Bremnes, Moster, and Bømlo, which were united in 1963. The water lily leaf was chosen because this heart-shaped design is an old Norwegian heraldic charge. The arms were designed by Magnus Hardeland. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.[9][10]
Churches
The Church of Norway has four parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Bømlo. It is part of the Sunnhordland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.
| Parish (sokn) | Church name | Location of the church | Year built |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bremnes | Bremnes Church | Svortland | 1869 |
| Bømlo | Bømlo Church | Langevåg | 1960 |
| Old Bømlo Church | Langevåg | 1621 | |
| Lykling | Lykling Church | Lykling | 1912 |
| Moster | Moster Church | Mosterhamn | 1874 |
| Old Moster Church | Moster | 12th century |
Geography
The municipality includes about 900 islands, islets, and skerries, although most are very small and uninhabited. The main island is also called Bømlo, and other notable islands in Bømlo municipality include Moster, Otterøya, Spyssøya, Goddo, and Espevær. The municipality lies north of the entrance to the Hardangerfjorden, south of the Selbjørnsfjorden, and west of the Stokksundet. The Innværfjorden is a small fjord that cuts into the island of Bømlo around the village of Rubbestadneset.
The large island of Stord lies to the east. Bømlo is connected to Stord by the Triangle Link, which has made transportation to and from the municipality easier and more effective.
Bømlo is commonly distinguished in respect to residential ares. These areas include Svortland (previously Bremnes), Søra-Bømlo (South-Bømlo), Rubbestadneset, Moster, Finnås, Gilje, Goddo, and Hiskjo. Svortland is the administrative centre where there are stores, a cultural centre, schools and official buildings, and is located a bit north of the centre of the island. Moster is on the other hand more to the east with a high percentage of Christians devoted to at least three different christian denominations.
Siggjo
At 474 metres (1,555 ft) in height, the mountain Siggjo is the highest mountain on the island of Bømlo. The rocks on Siggjo contain large amounts of the igneous rock rhyolite, which was used in the Stone Age to create armament and tools. They have found rhyolite from Siggjo as far north as the Trøndelag region of Norway.[11] Siggjo is a popular attraction among locals and tourists.
Lykling
The Lykling village area has become a popular tourist attraction, mainly due to its history of extensive gold mining in Lyklingeberga. The discovery of gold in 1862 by a young shepherd, led to several constructions being built in the area. These were built by three major companies, mainly financed and run by English businessmen. In addition to the mining constructions, there was also built two hotels, one hotelship, several bakeries, and a number of retail stores. Mining activity started in 1882 and ended in 1910, lasting more than 25 years.
Climate
Bømlo, facing the North Sea, has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb, marine west coast), with few temperature extremes. The wettest season is September – January, and the driest is April–July. The all-time high temperature is 30.9 °C (87.6 °F) recorded 26 July 2019. The all-time low is −12.6 °C (9.3 °F) recorded 11 January 1987. The five months June – October have never recorded overnight freezes. The average date for the last overnight freeze (low below 0 °C (32.0 °F)) in spring is 19 March[12] and average date for first freeze in autumn is 5 December, among the latest in Norway (1981-2010 average).[13] The weather station at Slåtterøy lighthouse has been recording temperature since 1923.
| Climate data for Slåtterøy 1991-2020 (25 m, extremes 1954-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.5 (54.5) |
11.2 (52.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.4 (79.5) |
28 (82) |
30.9 (87.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.7 (62.1) |
12.6 (54.7) |
30.9 (87.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) |
4.6 (40.3) |
5.6 (42.1) |
8.5 (47.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
14.1 (57.4) |
16.4 (61.5) |
17.3 (63.1) |
15 (59) |
11.5 (52.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.3 (50.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) |
3 (37) |
3.9 (39.0) |
6.4 (43.5) |
9.2 (48.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
14.5 (58.1) |
15.3 (59.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
6.7 (44.1) |
4.6 (40.3) |
8.5 (47.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2 (36) |
1.4 (34.5) |
2.3 (36.1) |
4.5 (40.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
10.5 (50.9) |
12.9 (55.2) |
13.6 (56.5) |
11.6 (52.9) |
8.2 (46.8) |
5 (41) |
3 (37) |
6.9 (44.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −12.6 (9.3) |
−10 (14) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
3.6 (38.5) |
7 (45) |
8 (46) |
4.4 (39.9) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−10.2 (13.6) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 135 (5.3) |
113 (4.4) |
100 (3.9) |
87 (3.4) |
68 (2.7) |
74 (2.9) |
86 (3.4) |
119 (4.7) |
139 (5.5) |
161 (6.3) |
163 (6.4) |
149 (5.9) |
1,394 (54.8) |
| Source 1: eklima/Norwegian Meteorological Institute[14] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA-WMO averages 91-2020 Norway [15] | |||||||||||||
Government
Bømlo Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[16] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Haugaland og Sunnhordland District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Bømlo is made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 4 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 4 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 6 | |
| Industry and Business Party (Industri‑ og Næringspartiet) | 4 | |
| The Conservatives (Konservativt) | 1 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 | |
| Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 27 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 5 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 3 | |
| Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne) | 1 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 7 | |
| The Christians Party (Partiet Dei Kristne) | 1 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 3 | |
| Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 27 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 8 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 2 | |
| Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne) | 1 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 5 | |
| The Christians Party (Partiet Dei Kristne) | 1 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 | |
| Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 | |
| Total number of members: | 27 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 7 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 4 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 7 | |
| The Christians Party (Partiet Dei Kristne) | 2 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 4 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 | |
| Total number of members: | 27 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 4 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 6 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 9 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 27 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 4 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 5 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 8 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 6 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 | |
| Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 27 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 4 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 3 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 8 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 11 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 | |
| Election List for South Bømlo (Valliste for Søre Bømlo) | 6 | |
| Total number of members: | 35 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 5 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 3 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 6 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 10 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 3 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 5 | |
| Election list for South Bømlo (Valliste for Søre Bømlo) | 7 | |
| Total number of members: | 39 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 6 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 3 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 4 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 8 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 3 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 10 | |
| Election list for South Bømlo (Valliste for Søre Bømlo) | 3 | |
| Election list for Moster and Håvik (Valliste for Moster og Håvik) | 2 | |
| Total number of members: | 39 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 8 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 4 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 6 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 8 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 4 | |
| Election list for South Bømlo (Valliste for Søre Bømlo) | 5 | |
| Election list for Moster and Håvik (Valliste for Moster og Håvik) | 3 | |
| Total number of members: | 39 | |
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 9 | |
| Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) | 2 | |
| Conservative Party (Høgre) | 9 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 11 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 3 | |
| Non-party election list for South Bømlo (Upolitisk valliste for Søre Bømlo) | 2 | |
| Election list for Moster and Håvik (Valliste for Moster og Håvik) | 2 | |
| Total number of members: | 39 | |
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