1969 in spaceflight

Humanity's first crewed lunar landing (Apollo 11)
Rockets
Maiden flights	Delta L N-1 Thorad-SLV2H Agena-D Tsyklon-2 Apollo LM ascent stage
Retirements	Delta C1 Molniya M/Blok VL Tsyklon-2A
Crewed flights
Orbital	9
Total travellers	22
v t e

1969 saw humanity step onto another world for the first time. On 20 July 1969, the Apollo 11 Lunar Module, Eagle, landed on the Moon's surface with two astronauts aboard. Days later the crew of three returned safely to Earth, satisfying U.S. President John F. Kennedy's 1962 challenge of 25 May 1961, that "this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth."^[1][2]

There were four Apollo missions in total in 1969, three of which traveled to the Moon, with Apollo 12 also landing on the surface. The success of the Apollo program was a testament to the efforts of over 500,000 American engineers, scientists and technicians.

In 1969, the Soviet Union's space program had success with the docking of two crewed spacecraft as well as the success of their Venus and Lunar probes. The Soviets, however, suffered severe blows to their crewed Lunar aspirations when their N1 rocket failed twice during two 1969 launches.

Orbital launches

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Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
January
5 January 06:28[3]	Molniya-M / Blok VL			Baikonur Site 1/5
		Venera 5		Heliocentric	Venus lander	16 May 1969	Successful
		Lander operated for 53 minutes in the atmosphere of Venus.
10 January 05:51[3]	Molniya-M / Blok-VL			Baikonur Site 1/5
		Venera 6		Heliocentric	Venus lander	17 May 1969	Successful
		Lander operated for 51 minutes in the atmosphere of Venus.
12 January 12:10[4]	Voskhod			Plesetsk Site 41/1
		Kosmos 263 (Zenit-2)		Low Earth	Optical imaging	20 January 1969[5]	Successful
14 January 07:30	Soyuz			Baikonur LC-31		RVSN
		Soyuz 4	RVSN	Low Earth	Crewed orbital flight	17 January 1969	Successful
		First docking between two crewed spacecraft (with Soyuz 5)
15 January 07:04	Soyuz			Baikonur LC-1/5		RVSN
		Soyuz 5	RVSN	Low Earth	Crewed orbital flight	18 January 1969	Successful
		First docking between two crewed spacecraft (with Soyuz 4)
20 January 04:14[6]	Proton-K/D			Baikonur Site 81/23
		Soyuz 7K-L1 (Zond-1969A)		Selenocentric	Test flight	20 January 1969	Failure
		One of the RD-0210 engines in the second stage failed, resulting in automatic shutdown of the vehicle. Capsule was successfully recovered after successful launch abort.
22 January 16:48[7]	Delta C1			Cape Canaveral SLC-17
		OSO 5	NASA	Low Earth	Astronomy	2 April 1984[5]	Successful
22 January 19:10[9]	Titan IIIB			Vandenberg SLC-4W
		OPS 7585 (GAMBIT-3 4319)	NRO	Low Earth	Optical imaging	3 February 1969[5]	Partial failure
		Apogee was too high as the Agena rocket stage failed to switch off at a correct time.[8]
23 January 09:15[6]	Voskhod			Baikonur Site 1/5
		Kosmos 264 (Zenit-4M)		Low Earth	Optical imaging	5 February 1969[5]	Successful
25 January 11:10[6]	Tsyklon-2A			Baikonur Site 90/19
		Kosmos 265 (US-AO No.5)		Low Earth	Naval surveillance	23 January 1969	Failure
30 January 06:46[9]	Delta E1			Vandenberg SLC-2E
		ISIS 1	CSA	Medium Earth	Science	In orbit	Successful
February
1 February 12:11[4]	Vostok-2M			Plesetsk Site 41/1
		Kosmos 265 (Meteor-1)	RVSN	Low Earth	Meteorology	1 February 1969	Failure
5 February 06:46[9]	Thorad-SLV2G-Agena-D			Vandenberg SLC-3W
		KH-4B 6 (OPS 3890)	CIA	Low Earth	Optical imaging	24 February 1969[5]