Class P: Language and Literature is a classification used by the Library of Congress Classification system. This page outlines the subclasses of Class P. It contains 19 sub-classifications, 12 of which are dedicated to language families and geographic groups of languages, and 10 sub-classifications of literature (4 subclasses contain both languages and literatures). ^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]}

P - Philology; Linguistics

1-1091..........Philology. Linguistics

1-85...........General

29............Encyclopedias and dictionaries of linguistics

37............Psycholinguistics

40............Sociolinguistics

61-77.........History of linguistics

87-96..........Communication. Mass media

94.7..........Interpersonal communication

95-95.6.......Oral communication. Speech

98-98.5........Computational linguistics. Natural language processing

99-99.4........Semiotics

99.5-99.6......Nonverbal communication

101-410........Language. Linguistic theory

106...........Philosophy of language

107...........Language and socio-psychological identity

116...........Origins and evolution of language

117...........Gesture

118-118.7.....Language acquisition

118..........First language acquisition

118.2........Second language acquisition

121-299.......Science of language (Linguistics)

121..........General language science textbooks

126..........Empirical research methods in linguistics

132..........Biological foundations of language

140-142......Historical linguistics

151-158.2....Grammar. Syntax

165..........Cognitive linguistics

211..........Historical writing systems

216-233......Phonology. Phonetics

216.........General phonology and phonetics

217-217.6...Phonology

221-221.5...Phonetics

222.........Intonation

241..........Morphology

291..........Generative grammar

301-301.5.....Style. Composition. Rhetoric, Figurative language

302-302.87....Discourse analysis

306-310.......Translating and interpreting

321-324.5.....Etymology

325-325.5.....Semantics

326-326.5.....Lexicology

327-327.5.....Lexicography

375-381.......Linguistic geography

501-769........Indo-European (Indo-Germanic) philology

901-1091.......Extinct ancient or medieval languages

PA - Greek and Latin languages and literature

1-199...........Classical philology

201-899.........Greek philology and language

1000-1179.......Medieval and modern Greek language

2001-2915.......Latin philology and language

3000-3049.......Classical literature

3050-4505.......Greek literature

3051-3285......Literary history

3300-3516......Collections

3520-3564......Criticism, interpretations, etc.

3601-3681......Translations

3818-4505......Individual authors

3825-3849.....Aeschylus

3851-3858.....Aesop

3875-3879.....Aristophanes

3890-3926.....Aristotle

3949-3964.....Demosthenes

3973-3992.....Euripides

4018-4209.....Homer

4279-4333.....Plato

4367-4389.....Plutarch

4413-4434.....Sophocles

4452-4486.....Thucydides

4494-4499.....Xenophon

5000-5660.......Byzantine and modern Greek literature

5301-5637......Individual authors

6000-6971.......Roman literature

6001-6097......Literary history

6100-6140......Collections

6141-6144......Criticism, interpretation, etc.

6155-6191......Translations

6202-6971......Individual authors

6235-6269.....Caesar, C. Julius

6278-6370.....Cicero

6393-6444.....Horatius

6482-6496.....Lucretius

6501-6510.....Martialis

6519-6553.....Ovidius Naso

6568-6609.....Plautus

6611-6637.....Plinius

6661-6693.....Seneca, Lucius Annaeus

6705-6753.....Tacitus

6755-6785.....Terence

6801-6961.....Virgil

8001-8595.......Medieval and modern Latin literature

8200-8595......Individual authors

PB - Modern languages; Celtic languages

1-3029............Modern languages; Celtic languages

1-431............General

1001-3029........Celtic languages and literature

1101-1200.......Goidelic; Gaelic

1201-1449.......Irish

1501-1709.......Gaelic (Scottish Gaelic, Erse)

1801-1867.......Manx

1950............Pict

2001-3029.......Brittanic group

2101-2499......Welsh; Cymric

2501-2621......Cornish

2801-2932......Breton; Armorican

3001-3029......Gaulish

PC - Romance languages

1–5498...........Romanic

1–400...........General

601–872.........Romanian

901–986.........Raeto-Romance (including Romansh)

1001–1977.......Italian

1981–1984.......Sardinian

2001–3761.......French

2700–3708......Dialects. Provincialisms

2813–2898.....Old French

3201–3366.....Provencal (Old)

3371–3420.5...Modern patois of South France

3420.8–3495...Langue d'oc dialects

3721–3761......Slang. Argot

3801–3976.......Catalan

4001–4977.......Spanish

5001–5498.......Portuguese

PD - Germanic languages; Scandinavian languages

1-7159........Germanic

1-777........General

1001-1350....Old Germanic Dialects

1101-1211...Gothic

1501-7159....North Germanic, Scandinavian

2201-2392...Old Norse. Old Icelandic and Old Norwegian

2401-2489....Modern Icelandic

2483-2489...Old Norse dialects

2501-2999....Norwegian

3001-3929....Danish

5001-5929....Swedish

6000-7159....Scandinavian dialects, Modern

PE - English language

1–3729........English

101–458......Anglo-Saxon. Old English

501–693......Middle English

814–896......Early Modern English

1001–1693....Modern English

1700–3602....Dialects. Provincialisms, etc.

3701–3729....Slang. Argot, etc.

PF - West Germanic languages

1–5999.........West Germanic

1–979.........Dutch

1001–1184.....Flemish

1401–1541.....Frisian

3001–5999.....German

3801–3991....Old High German

3992–4010....Old Saxon

4043–4350....Middle High German

4501–4596....Early Modern German

5000–5951....Dialects. Provincialism, etc.

5971–5999....Slang. Argot, etc.

PG - Slavic, Baltic, and Albanian languages

1-9665.............Slavic. Baltic. Albanian

1-7948............Slavic

1-499............Slavic philology and languages (General)

500-585..........Slavic literature (General)

601-716..........Church Slavic

771-799..........Bulgarian Church Slavic

801-1146.........Bulgarian

1151-1199........Macedonian

1201-1696........Serbo-Croatian

1801-1962........Slovenian

2001-2826........Russian language

2830-2847........Belarusian

2900-3698........Russian literature

2900-3190.......History and criticism

2900-2998......General

3001-3026......Special periods

3041-3065......Poetry

3071-3089......Drama

3091-3099......Prose

3100-3155......Folk literature (including texts)

3199-3299.......Collections

3199-3205......General

3211-3219......Translations

3223-3228......Special periods

3230-3238......Poetry

3240-3255......Drama

3260-3299......Prose

3300-3490.......Individual authors and works

3300-3308......Early to 1700

3310-3319......18th century

3312..........Derzhavin

3314..........Karamzin

3316..........Lomonosov

3318..........Sumarokov

3320-3447......1800-1870

3325-3328.....Dostoevskii

3332-3335.....Gogol

3340-3359.....Pushkin

3365-3417.....Tolstoi

3420-3445.....Turgenev

3450-3470......1870-1917

3452..........Andreev

3455-3458.....Gor'kii

3475-3476......1917-1960

3477-3490......1961-2000

3491.2-3493.96....2001-

3500-3505.......Provincial, local, etc.

3515-3550.......Outside the Russian Federation

3651-3698.......Special subjects

3801-3987........Ukrainian

3990.............Carpatho-Rusyn

4001-5146........Czech

5201-5546........Slovak

5631-5689........Sorbian (Wendic)

6001-7446........Polish

7900-7925........Other Slavic dialects

8001-9146.........Baltic

8201-8208........Old Prussian

8501-8772........Lithuanian

8801-9146........Latvian

9501-9665.........Albanian

PH - Uralic languages and Basque

1-5490.............Uralic. Basque

1-87..............General

91-98.5...........Finnic. Baltic-Finnic

101-405...........Finnish

501-1109..........Other Finnic languages and dialects

501-509..........Karelian

521-529..........Olonets

531-539..........Ludic

541-549..........Veps

551-559..........Ingrian

561-569..........Vitic

581-589..........Livonian

601-671..........Estonian

701-735..........Lapp,

751-785..........Mordvin

801-836..........Mari

1001-1079........Permian,

1101-1109........Udmurt 1201-1409....Ugric languages

2001-3445.........Hungarian

3801-3820.........Samoyedic languages

5001-5490.........Basque

PJ - Oriental languages and literature

1-9500..........Oriental philology and literature

1-489..........General

1-195.........Languages

306-489.......Literature

601-995........Special groups

601-621.......Christian Oriental

701-989.......Mohammedan

991-995.......Hamito-Semitic

1001-1989......Egyptology

1091-1109.....Egyptian writing and its decipherment

1111-1439.....Language

1481-1989.....Literature. Inscriptions

2001-2199......Coptic

2340-2399......Lybyco-Berber languages. Berber languages

2353-2367.....Libyan group

2369-2399.....Berber languages

2401-2594......Cushitic languages

3001-3097......Semitic philology and literature

3101-4091......East Semitic languages

3101-3971.....Assyriology. Akkadian

3231-3595....Language

3601-3971....Literature. Inscriptions

4001-4091.....Sumerian

4101-4197......West and North Semitic languages

4171-4197.....Phenician-Punic

4501-5192......Hebrew

4543-4937.....Language (Biblical and modern)

4951-5000.....Medieval Hebrew

5001-5060.....Literature

5050-5060....Individual authors and works

5061-5192.....Other languages used by the Jews

5111-5192....Yiddish

5201-5329......Aramaic

5211-5289.....West Aramaic

5211-5219....Biblical (Chaldaic)

5229.........Palmyrene inscriptions

5239.........Nabataean inscriptions

5241-5249....Christian Palestinian

5251-5259....Jewish Palestinian

5271-5279....Samaritan

5281-5289....Neo-Aramaic

5301-5329.....East Aramaic

5321-5329....Mandaean

5401-5909......Syriac

5414-5493.....Language

5601-5695.....Literature

5701-5709.....East Syriac (Nestorian)

5711-5719.....West Syriac (Jacobite)

5801-5809.....Neo-Syriac dialects (Modern Syriac)

5901-5909.....South Semitic languages

6001-8517......Arabic

6073-7144.....Language

6690-6697....Ancient Arabic

6701-6901....Modern Arabic dialects

6950-7144....South Arabian

6950-6981...Ancient

7051-7144...Modern

7501-8517.....Literature

7695.8-7876..Individual authors or works

8991-9293......Ethiopian languages

9001-9101.....Ethiopic (Geez)

9201-9269.....Amharic

PK - Indo-Iranian languages and literature

1-9601...................Indo-Iranian philology and literature

1-85....................General

101-2899................Indo-Aryan languages

101-185................General

(201)-379..............Vedic

401-976................Sanskrit

1001-1095..............Pali

1201-1409.5............Prakrit

1421-1429.5............Apabhraṃśa

1471-1490..............Middle Indo-Aryan dialects

1501-2899..............Modern Indo-Aryan languages

1550-2899.............Particular languages and dialects

1550-1569............Assamese

1651-(1799)..........Bengali

1801-1831.95.........Bihari

1841-1870.95.........Gujarati

1931-2212............Hindi, Urdu, Hindustani languages and literatures

1931-1970...........Hindi language

1971-1979.5.........Urdu language

1981-2000...........Hindustani language

2030-2142...........Hindi, Hindustani literatures

2151-2212...........Urdu literature

2261-2270.9..........Lahnda

2351-2418............Marathi

2461-2479............Marwari

2561-2579.5..........Oriya

2591-2610............Pahari

2631-2659............Panjabi

2701-2708.9..........Rajasthani

2781-2790............Sindhi

2801-2891............Sinhalese (Singhalese)

2892-2892.95.........Siraki

2896-2899............Romani

(2901)-5471.............Indo-Aryan literature

(2901)-2979............General

3591-4485..............Sanskrit

3791-3799.............Individual authors and works

(3801)-(4251).........Special subjects

4471-4485.............Translations

(4501)-4681............Pali literature

4990-5046..............Prakrit literature

5401-5471..............Modern Indo-Aryan literature

6001-6996...............Iranian philology and literature

6001-6099..............General

6101-(6119)............Avestan

6121-6129..............Old Persian

6135-6199.9............Middle Iranian languages

6141-6199.5...........Pahlavi

6201-(6599.7)..........New Persian

6201-6399.............Language

6400-(6599.7).........Literature

6450.9-6562.35.......Individual authors or works

6455-6460...........Firdawsi

6465................Hafiz

6475................Ibn Yamin, Fakhr al-Din Mahmud

6478-6482...........Jalal al-Din Rumi Maulana

6490................Jami

6501................Nizami Ganjavi

6510-6525...........Omar Khayyam

6540-6546...........Sadi

6701-6821..............Afghan (Pashto, Pushto, Pushtu, etc.)

7001-7075...............Dardic (Pisacha)

7021-7037..............Kashmiri

7040-7045..............Kohistani

7050-7065..............Nuristani (Kafiri) group

8001-8832...............Armenian language

8001-8496..............Language

8501-8832..............Armenian literature

9001-9201...............Caucasian languages

9101-9169..............Georgian

PL - Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania

1–8844.................Languages of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania

1–481.................Ural–Altaic languages

21–396...............Turkic languages

400–431..............Mongolian languages

450–481..............Tungus Manchu languages

(490)–495.............Far Eastern languages and literature

501–889...............Japanese language and literature

501–699..............Japanese language

700–889..............Japanese literature

700–751.5............History and criticism

752–783..............Collections

784–866..............Individual authors and works

885–889..............Local literature

901–998...............Korean language and literature

901–949..............Korean language

950–998..............Korean literature

950.2–969.5.........History and criticism

969.8–985...........Collections

986–993.............Individual authors and works

997–998.............Local literature

1001–3208.............Chinese language and literature

1001–1960............Chinese language

2250–3208............Chinese literature

2250–2443...........History and criticism

2450–2659...........Collections

2661–2979...........Individual authors and works

3030–3208...........Provincial, local, colonial, etc.

3301–3311.............Non-Chinese languages of China

3501–3509.............Non-Aryan languages of India and Southeastern Asia in general

3512..................Malaysian literature

3515..................Singapore literature

3518..................Languages of the Montagnards

3521–4001.............Sino-Tibetan languages

3551–4001............Tibeto-Burman languages

3561–3801...........Tibeto-Himalayan languages

3601–3775..........Tibetan

3781–3801..........Himalayan languages

3851–4001...........Assam and Burma

4051–4054.............Karen languages

4070–4074.............Miao–Yao languages

4281–4587.............Austroasiatic languages

4301–4470............Mon–Khmer (Mon–Annam) languages

4371–4379...........Vietnamese. Annamese

4423–4470...........Bru, Chrau, Khasi, Muong, etc.

4471–4471.5..........Nicobarese

4490–4498............Chamic languages

4501–4587............Munda languages (Kolarian languages)

4601–(4890)...........Dravidian languages

5001–7511.............Languages of Oceania

5001–7101............Austronesian, Papuan, and Australian languages

5051–5497...........Malayan (Indonesian) languages

5501–6135...........Philippine languages

6145–6167...........Taiwan languages

6191–6341...........Micronesian and Melanesian languages

6401–6551...........Polynesian languages

6601–6621...........Papuan languages

7001–7101...........Australian languages

8000–8844.............African languages and literature

8000–8009............Languages

8009.5–8014..........Literature

8015–8021............Languages. By region or country

8024–8027............Special families of languages

8035–8844............Special languages (alphabetically)

PM - Hyperborean, Indian, and artificial languages

1-9021........Hyperborean, Native American, and artificial languages

1-94.........Hyperborean languages of Arctic Asia and America

101-2711.....American languages (Aboriginal)

231-355.....American languages of British North America

401-501.....American languages of the United States (and Mexico)

549-2711....Special languages of the United States and Canada (alphabetically)

3001-4566....Languages of Mexico and Central America

5001-7356....Languages of South America and the West Indies

7801-7895....Mixed languages

7831-7875...Creole languages

8001-8995....Artificial languages--Universal languages

8201-8298...Esperanto

8999.........Picture languages

9001-9021....Secret languages

PN - General literature

1-6790...............Literature (General)

1-9.................Periodicals

20-30...............Societies

45-57...............Theory. Philosophy. Esthetics

59-72...............Study and teaching

80-99...............Criticism

101-245.............Authorship

172-239............Technique. Literary composition, etc.

241-241.5..........Translating as a literary pursuit

441-1009.5..........Literary history

451-497.............Biography

500-519.............Collections

597-605.............Special relations; movements; and currents of literature

610-779.............By Period

611-649............Ancient

661-694............Medieval (to 1500)

683-687...........Legends

688-691...........Poetry

692-693...........Prose; Prose fiction

695-779............ Modern

715-749...........Renaissance (1500–1700)

801-820.............Romance literature

821-840.............Germanic literature

841.................Black literature (General)

842.................Jewish literature in various languages

851-(884)...........Comparative literature

(905)-1008..........Folk literature

980-995............Fables

1008.2-1009.5.......Juvenile literature.

1010-1525...........Poetry

1031-1049..........Theory, philosophy, relations, etc

1065-1085..........Relations to, and treatment of, special subjects

1110-1279..........History and criticism.

1301-1333..........Epic poetry

1341-1347..........Folk poetry

1351-1389..........Lyric poetry

1530...............The monologue

1551................The dialogue

1560-1590...........The performing arts; Show business

1585-1589..........Centers for the performing arts

1600-3307...........Drama

1635-1650..........Relation to, and treatment of, special subjects

1660-1693..........Technique of dramatic composition

1720-1861..........History

1865-1988..........Special types

1990-1992.92.......Broadcasting

1991-1991.9.......Radio broadcasts

1992-1992.92......Television broadcasts

1992.93-1992.95...Nonbroadcast video recordings

1993-1999..........Motion pictures

1997-1997.85......Plays, scenarios, etc.

2000-3307..........Dramatic representation; The theater

2061-2071..........Art of acting

2085-2091..........The stage and accessories

2131-2193..........By period

2131-2145.........Ancient

2152-2160.........Medieval

2171-2179.........Renaissance

2181-2193.........Modern

2219.3-3030........Special regions or countries.

2920..............Japanese Theatre

3035...............The Jewish theater

3151-3171..........Amateur theater

3175-3191..........College and school theatricals

3203-3299..........Tableaux, pageants, "Happenings," etc

3311-3503...........Prose; Prose fiction

3329-3352..........Philosophy, theory, etc

3355-3383..........Technique; Authorship

3427-3448..........Special kinds of fiction; Fiction genres

3451-3503..........History

4001-4355...........Oratory; Elocution, etc

4071-4095..........Study and teaching

4177-4191..........Debating

4199-4191.........Recitations (in English)

4331-4335..........Recitations in foreign languages

4390................Diaries

4400................Letters (Literary history)

4500................Essays (Literary history)

4699-5650...........Journalism. The periodical press, etc

4735-4748..........Relation to the state; Government and the press; Liberty of the press

4775-4784..........Technique; Practical journalism

4825-4830..........Amateur journalism

4832-4836..........Magazines and other periodicals

4840-5648..........By region or country

5650...............The Jewish press

6010-6790...........Collections of general literature

6066-6069..........Special classes of authors

6080-6095..........Quotations

6081-6084.........English

6086-6089.........French

6090-6110.........German

6099-6110..........Poetry

6110.5-6120........Drama

6120.15-6120.95....Fiction

6121-6129..........Orations

6130-6140..........Letters

6141-6145..........Essays

6146.5-6231........Wit and humor

6157-6222..........By region or country

6233-6238..........Anacreontic literature

6244-6246..........Literary extracts; Commonplace books

6249-6258..........Ana

6259-6268..........Anecdotes; Table talk

6269-6278..........Aphorisms; Apothegms

6279-6288..........Epigrams

6288.5-6298........Epitaphs

6299-6308..........Maxims

6309-6318..........Mottoes

6319-6328..........Sayings, bon mots, etc

6329-6338..........Thoughts

6340-6348..........Toasts

6348.5-6358........Emblems, devices

6361...............Paradoxes

6366-6377..........Riddles, acrostics, charades, conundrums, etc

6400-6525..........Proverbs

6700-6790..........Comic books, strips, etc

PQ - French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese literature

1-3999...............French literature

1-771...............History and criticism

1-150..............General

151-221............Medieval. Old French

226-310............Modern

400-491............Poetry

500-591............Drama

601-771............Prose and prose fiction

(781)-841)..........Folk literature

845.................Juvenile literature

1100-1297...........Collections

1100-1145..........General

1160-1193..........Poetry

1211-1241..........Drama

1243-1297..........Prose

1300-1595...........Old French literature

1300-1391..........Collections. Individual authors and works

1411-1545.........To 1350/1400

1551-1595.........(14th-) 15th century (to ca. 1525)

1600-2726...........Modern literature. Individual authors

1600-1709..........16th century

1710-1935..........17th century

1947-2147..........18th century

2149-2551..........19th century

2600-2651..........1900-1960

2660-2686..........1961-2000

2700-2726..........2001-

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Library_of_Congress_Classification:Class_P,_subclass_PS_--_American_Literature
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