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The 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies was the most recent cycle of the process to redraw the constituency map for the House of Commons. The new constituency boundaries were approved by the Privy Council on 15 November 2023^[1] and came into law on 29 November.^[2]

These constituencies will first be contested at the 2024 United Kingdom general election.

Legal basis

The process for periodic reviews of parliamentary constituencies in the United Kingdom is governed by the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 1986, as amended by the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and subsequently by the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020.^[3]

Individual registration

The 2023 review was the successor to the 2018 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, which was abandoned after it failed to pass into law. After abandonment of several previous reviews since 2015, the 2023 review was set to be the first review based on electoral registers drawn up using Individual Electoral Registration, which Parliament approved from 2014–15.^[4] Because every routine canvass by local government reaches slightly fewer imminent attainers of the age of 18 than the previous system of household registration,^[4] the new system favours the Conservatives, according to an LSE researcher in 2023.^[5] Local election offices are funded to implement mitigating measures to minimise any such disproportionate impacts.^[4] The Command Papers were sponsored and ordered by the Deputy Prime Minister, Nick Clegg, a Liberal Democrat.

Process

Under current legislation, the four Boundary Commissions of the United Kingdom were required to report on their next review of the boundaries of parliamentary constituencies before 1 July 2023.^[3] In order to meet this deadline, the Commissions began their work on 5 January 2021. Following three rounds of public consultation, all four Commissions submitted their final proposals to the Speaker of the House of Commons on 27 June 2023. The Speaker immediately laid these before Parliament and the reports were published on the respective Commissions' websites the following day.^[6] The new boundaries were formally introduced into UK law on 15 November 2023 through The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023.^[7] (The original deadline of the end of October was missed by the government, which, according to the Act, must only happen in exceptional circumstances).

A description of the review process is detailed in Timeline of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies.

Size of constituencies

The four Boundary Commissions launched their 2023 reviews on 5 January 2021,^{[8][9][10][11]} to coincide with the release by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) of electorate data from analysis of the electoral registers that had been published on 2 March 2020.^[12] The commissions jointly calculated the relevant electoral quota/range to be used for the 2023 review and the allocation of parliamentary constituencies between the four nations. The English commission further divided its allocation between the nine regions of England.

The electorate of the United Kingdom, comprising 650 constituencies, as determined by the ONS, was 47,558,398 on 2 March 2020. The electorate of the five protected constituencies – Isle of Wight (two seats), Na h-Eileanan an Iar, Orkney and Shetland, and Ynys Môn – amounted to 220,132, leaving 47,338,266 to be distributed between the remaining 645 constituencies, which gave an electoral quota of 73,393. Each non-protected constituency must have an electorate which is within 5% of this quota, which gave a permitted range of 69,724 to 77,062.^[8] In Northern Ireland the legislation allows for a wider range, in certain prescribed circumstances, from 68,313 to 77,062.^[11]

Distribution of seats

United Kingdom

The 650 constituencies were allocated between the four nations of the UK in accordance with the method of allocation specified by the legislation as shown in the table below.^[13]

Nation	Current seats (2010–2019)	Unprotected seats			Protected seats		Total
		Electorate	Allocation	Average size	Electorate	Allocation	Electorate	Allocation	Change
England	533	39,748,705	541	73,473	111,716	2	39,860,421	543	+10
Northern Ireland	18	1,295,688	18	71,983	–	–	1,295,688	18	–
Scotland	59	4,023,611	55	73,320	56,001	2	4,079,612	57	−2
Wales	40	2,270,262	31	73,234	52,415	1	2,322,677	32	−8
Total	650	47,338,266	645	73,393	220,132	5	47,558,398	650	–

Regions of England

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Notional_results_of_the_2019_United_Kingdom_general_election_by_2024_constituency
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